Abstract
Arctic fires have become more frequent in recent decades. Previous research highlighted climate variables as the driving factor of fire occurrence in the Arctic, largely ignoring the contribution of human activity. Here, we analyzed the relationship between fire occurrence and human activity, as represented by artificial light at night, from 2001 to 2013 at pan-Arctic scale. Our results show a 2.45 [2.14, 2.82] times higher fire occurrence inside the lit area (exactly zero km distance) compared to control points randomly selected from areas with similar climate conditions. Moreover, fire occurrence exhibited a strong spatial association with distance to lit areas, with higher fire occurrence observed closer to human activity. Differences in fire occurrence near lit area for similar human activities suggest the potential of fire management. Effective management of fire risk around lit area to reduce ignition risks along with effective firefighting strategies are important to reduce damage to infrastructure, disturbance to permafrost ecosystems and positive feedbacks to climate warming.
Subjects
- Environmental impact
- Fire ecology
Acknowledgements
We thank Barbara and Urs Stampfli for their support to this study. This study made use of infrastructure services provided by the Science IT team of the University of Zurich (www.s3it.uzh.ch). We thank Vitalii Zemlianski for discussions related to fire occurrence near oil pipelines in the Russian Arctic. Map data copyrighted OpenStreetMap contributors and available from https://www.openstreetmap.org.
Funding
This research was supported by Barbara and Urs Stampfli through University of Zurich Foundation (No specific grant number). Open access funding provided by University of Zurich.
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C.A., R.J.H., E.P., M.O.R., and G.S.S. conceptualized the study, C.A., R.J.H., E.P., M.O.R., Z.W., R.F., and G.S.S. have developed the methodology, C.A., E.P., N.R., and R.F. implemented the software code, C.A., R.J.H., E.P., and R.F. validated the study, C.A., E.P., N.R., and R.F. run the formal analysis, C.A., R.J.H., and G.S.S. investigated the study, C.A. and N.R. made the data curation, C.A. wrote the original draft, all authors wrote, reviewed and edited, C.A., E.P., N.R., and R.F. made the visualizations, G.S.S. supervised and administered the study, C.A. and G.S.S. acquired the funding.
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The authors declare no competing interests.
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Akandil, C., Heim, R.J., Plekhanova, E. et al. Human activity increases Arctic fire occurrence within and near lit areas.
Commun Earth Environ (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03884-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03884-3
Source: Ecology - nature.com

