Abstract
CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is a pivotal technology for mitigating global climate change, but CO2 leakage from geological storage sites risks disrupting soil rhizosphere bacterial communities critical to soil functionality. To clarify their response mechanisms, this study focused on CO2-sensitive soybean (Shanning 17) in the Ordos Basin, establishing a simulated CO2 leakage platform with four treatments: CK (control, ambient CO2), 10%, 30%, and 50%. Illumina NovaSeq 16 S rRNA sequencing combined with PICRUSt functional prediction was used to analyze rhizosphere bacteria. Results showed CO2 leakage altered the bacterial community: Chao1 index decreased by up to 4.27%, Pielou’s evenness index increased, and Beta diversity changed notably. Bacteroidetes relative abundance increased significantly, while Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Nitrospirae decreased; the rare phylum Deferribacteres was only detected under 30% and 50% CO2; Five key genera (RB41, MND1, Nitrospira, Solirubrobacter, Gaiella) dominated community shifts, with abundance trends matching their phyla. Functionally, The dominant Level 1 metabolism pathway (average relative abundance 81.02%), as well as the Level 2 pathways of amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and energy metabolism, were significantly affected, and these functional changes were closely linked to shifts in bacterial community structure. This study supports environmental impact and risk assessment for CCS projects in the Ordos Basin and similar geological storage areas.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutralization Technology (Carbon Neutral College, Yulin) and the National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Carbon Capture and Storage Technology, Northwest University for their invaluable support throughout this research. Specifically, we appreciate their provision of advanced experimental platforms, professional technical guidance, high-quality academic resources, and targeted data analysis assistance—all of which have been crucial for the smooth progression of our study on carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology in the Yulin region. We also extend our thanks to all individuals who contributed to the manuscript through in-depth discussions, experimental assistance, or data collection, as well as the relevant funding agencies for their generous financial support.
Funding
This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (32560286, 42304119), Science and Technology New Star Talent Project Supported by Shaanxi Provincial Innovation Capacity Support Program (2025ZC-KJXX-02), The 3rd Batch of “Yulin Science and Technology Light” Talent Project (KJZG-2025-K + G-03), Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Carbon Neutralization Technology − 2025 Open Fund (2025KFJJ0101), Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province (2024JC-DXWT-06, 2025JC-YBQN-429), Postdoctoral Scientific Research Fund Project of Shaanxi Province (2023BSHEDZZ238), Key Industry Innovation Chain Group Project of Shaanxi Province (2023-ZDLSF-64), Key Project of Joint Collaboration between Provincial Departments and Cities in Shaanxi Province (2022GD-TSLD-45), Association for Science and Technology Youth Talent Promotion Program of Yulin (20230514), Industry-University-Research Field Project of Yulin Municipal Science and Technology Plan (2023-CXY-156, CXY-2023-ZX02).
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Xue, L., Ma, J., Wang, H. et al. CO2 leakage alters bacterial community structure and metabolic function of soybean rhizosphere in the ordos basin.
Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50556-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-50556-5
Keywords
- Microbial structure and function
- NovaSeq sequencing
- PICRUSt
- CO2 leakage
- CO2 capture and storage
Source: Ecology - nature.com
