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Differential enrichment of key bacterial taxa in the rhizosphere of naturally growing and artificially restored Kandelia obovata forests

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Abstract

The structure of the soil bacterial community is crucial for maintaining ecosystem balance and facilitating material transformation in mangrove ecosystems. The large-scale destruction of mangroves directly impacts soil bacterial processes, potentially leading to ecosystem degradation. This study employed Illumina NovaSeq high-throughput sequencing to investigate the rhizosphere bacterial community of Kandelia obovata seedlings in both natural and artificially restored forests. Although alpha and beta diversity analyses revealed that the overall bacterial community structure was not significantly altered by artificial restoration, significant shifts in the abundance of specific bacterial genera were identified. A substantial proportion (86.1%-92.6%) of bacterial sequences remained unclassified at the genus level. Distinct dominant genera were observed across different groups: the well-grown artificial group (treat-k) was enriched with Sulfurovum, Actibacter, and Desulfatiglans (5.09%, 2.18%, and 1.82%, respectively), while the poorly-grown artificial group (treat-s) was characterized by Ignavibacterium, Prolixibacter, and Woeseia (2.10%, 1.21%, and 1.06%, respectively). The natural group was dominated by Woeseia, Desulfatiglans, and Halioglobus (1.56%, 1.53%, and 1.11%). Statistical analysis further confirmed that the abundance of several genera, including Ignavibacterium, Prolixibacter, and Haliangium differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the poorly-grown group (treat-s) and the better-grown groups (treat-k and natural). In conclusion, while artificial restoration did not restructure the rhizosphere bacterial community at a global level, it selectively shaped the microbial assemblage by enriching specific bacterial taxa, which might play a crucial role in determining the growth status of Kandelia obovata during restoration.

Data availability

The raw read sequences have been deposited in GenBank (NCBI) under the Accession Number PRJNA1252642. They can be accessed through the following link: [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/PRJNA1252642](https:/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/PRJNA1252642) .

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Acknowledgements

Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial supports by National Natural Science Foundation of China (42366009), and Science and Technology Research Program of Qinzhou City (20223623, 20233204).

Funding

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42366009) and the Science and Technology Research Program of Qinzhou City (Grant Nos. 20223623, 20233204).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Food Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China

    Shouji Gong

  2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, 535011, China

    Riming Wang, Xiaokui Xie & Xiujian Li

Authors

  1. Shouji Gong
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  2. Riming Wang
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  3. Xiaokui Xie
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  4. Xiujian Li
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Contributions

Shouji Gong: Writing-original draft, Visualization, Resources, Project administration, Methodology, Investigation, Formal analysis, Data curation, Conceptualization. Riming Wang: Writing-original draft, Visualization, Supervision, Methodology, Investigation, Funding acquisition, Conceptualization. Xiaokui Xie: Writing-review & editing, Supervision, Methodology, Formal analysis, Conceptualization. Xiujian Li: Writing-review & editing, Investigation, Conceptualization, Methodology.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to
Riming Wang.

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Gong, S., Wang, R., Xie, X. et al. Differential enrichment of key bacterial taxa in the rhizosphere of naturally growing and artificially restored Kandelia obovata forests.
Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-39157-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-39157-4

Keywords

  • Bacterial community structure
  • Mangrove forest

  • Kandelia obovata
  • Artificial restoration

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