Abstract
Theory-based and model-based reasoning shape macroecology: one derives models from general principles, the other builds models around data. We argue these are not rival traditions but interacting positions along a continuum of formalization. This pluralism is macroecology’s strength: by allowing theories and models to exchange roles as sources of constraint, synthesis and innovation, the field can confront the complexity of natural systems and generate explanations that are cumulative and predictive.
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We thank Richard Field for helpful comments on earlier drafts.
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Author J.A.D.F. is an Associate Editor of npj-Biodiversity. J.A.D.F. was not involved in the journal’s review of, or decisions related to, this manuscript.
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Coelho, M.T.P., Diniz-Filho, J.A.F. Macroecological pluralism.
npj biodivers (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00139-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s44185-026-00139-4
Source: Ecology - nature.com
