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Trace element distribution in soils and food in intensively cultivated tropical areas of Mato Grosso, Brazil

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Abstract

The Cerrado biome of Mato Grosso, a major agricultural region in Brazil, requires continuous soil management and fertility correction. Assessing trace elements (TEs) in soils and crops is essential to understand their dynamics and potential environmental and food safety implications. This study evaluated the concentrations of thirteen TEs (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) in soils and agricultural products from representative areas of the region. A total of 84 soil samples (0–0.20 m), 84 soybean grains (Glycine max L.), 48 corn grains (Zea mays L.), 12 popcorn grains (Zea mays everta), and 8 pasture samples (Urochloa ruziziensis R. Germ. & C.M. Evrard) were analyzed. Following aqua regia extraction, TEs were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Descriptive, inferential, and multivariate analyses, including bioaccumulation factor estimation, were applied. Overall, the soils showed no evidence of severe contamination, and the analyzed food products indicated a low immediate risk to food safety when assessed against regulatory limits. Elevated As, Cr, and Fe concentrations in soils were mainly associated with the natural geochemical background, whereas Zn, Cd, Cu, and Mn were partly related to the use of agricultural inputs. Integrated statistical and geoenvironmental analyses provided support for the discussion of possible trace-element sources in tropical agricultural systems.

Data availability

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to their size and institutional data management restrictions but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the technical and academic staff of the Doctoral Program in Tropical Agriculture (PPGAT/UFMT) and the team at Rothamsted Research for their support and assistance during the experimental work.

Funding

This research was conducted as part of the Doctoral Program in Tropical Agriculture (PPGAT) at the Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Brazil, with financial support from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Brazil, and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), United Kingdom. The experimental work was carried out at Rothamsted Research (Harpenden, UK), which is supported by the BBSRC. Author Daisy Rickli Binde received a doctoral scholarship from CAPES. The other authors declare that they received no funds, grants, or other support during thepreparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Education, Federal Institute of Mato Grosso, Barra do Garças, MT, 78605-099, Brazil

    Daisy Rickli Binde

  2. Department of Agronomy, Graduate Program in Tropical Agriculture, Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Science, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, 78060-900, Brazil

    Milton Ferreira de Moraes

  3. Department of Sustainable Soils and Crops, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK

    Stephan M. Haefele

  4. Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ, UK

    Martin R. Broadley

Authors

  1. Daisy Rickli Binde
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  2. Milton Ferreira de Moraes
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  3. Stephan M. Haefele
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  4. Martin R. Broadley
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Daisy Rickli Binde was responsible for the investigation, data curation, and writing of the original draft, as well as for reviewing and editing the manuscript. Milton Ferreira de Moraes contributed to project administration, investigation, funding acquisition, and conceptualization. Stephan M. Haefele contributed to the investigation, provided essential resources, and assisted in the review and editing of the manuscript. Martin R. Broadley contributed to funding acquisition. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to
Daisy Rickli Binde.

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Binde, D.R., de Moraes, M.F., Haefele, S.M. et al. Trace element distribution in soils and food in intensively cultivated tropical areas of Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Sci Rep (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41252-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-41252-5

Keywords

  • Geochemical background
  • Cerrado biome
  • Tropical soils
  • Bioaccumulation
  • Heavy metals
  • Sustainable agriculture

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