Field sampling Plankton sampling was performed at the GEOMAR deck (54° 19´48´´N, 10°9´1´´E, see map in Fig. 1) between 10.00 and 11.00 h from Mondays to Saturdays in the period of August 12 to October 21, 2008. Samples of M. leidyi were taken with a WP2 net (0.8 m net opening, 500 µm mesh size), with three vertical hauls […] More
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Global patterns of multi-model ensemble animal biomass To evaluate present-day patterns of marine animal biomass, we calculated the multi-model ensemble mean biomass within each grid cell between 2006 and 2016 in standardized units of percentage of the global maximum (%; Fig. 2a). Peak biomass levels emerged in most upwelling regions, and at high temperate latitudes (~50–60°N […] More
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Basic 1D diagenetic model The basic reactive-transport diagenetic model we developed includes six components, including two solid-phase species: organic matter and CFA; and four solute components: [Ca2+], [DIC], [DIP], and [F−]. The mass balance functions for this basic model are30,31: $$frac{{partial {mathit{C}}_l}}{{partial t}} = frac{1}{phi }frac{partial }{{partial x}}left( {phi {mathrm{D}}frac{{partial C_l}}{{partial x}}} right) – frac{1}{phi […] More
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