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Assessment of soybean cultivars’responses to diverse climatic conditions in Northern Poland in terms of yield and seed composition

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Abstract

Soybean (Glycine max) is an important source of plant-based protein and oil, but its cultivation is highly sensitive to climate conditions. In Poland, interest in soybean is growing due to climate change and increasing demand for protein-rich crops. However, cultivation of photophilic crops is still limited. This study presents results from field trials conducted in Northern Poland from 2017 to 2019, involving 13 registered soybean cultivars tested at 10 locations. The aim of the study was to evaluate seed yield, protein and fat content and protein yield under varying environmental conditions. Weather variability, particularly temperature and rainfall, had a greater influence on results than the cultivar tested. Advanced statistical analyses showed that, of all 13 tested cultivars, Moravians (mid-late) had the most favorable WAAS and GSI values in terms of protein yield. According to WTOP3 score, the Kofu (late) cultivar had the highest adaptability for seeds yield and protein yield. Protein yield is the most important indicator of the profitablility of soybean cultivation in countries with a deficit of feed plant protein. The study supports targeted cultivar selection to improve soybean production under changing climate conditions in countries located at higher latitudes, such as Poland.

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All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article.

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Funding

The APC/BPC is financed/co-financed by Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences and Research Centre for Cultivar Testing (COBORU) in Słupia Wielka, Poland.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre for Cultivar Testing, Słupia Wielka 34, 63-022, Słupia Wielka, Poland

    Beata Kaliska & Henryk Bujak

  2. Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 24 A, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland

    Andrzej Kotecki, Magdalena Serafin-Andrzejewska & Anna Jama-Rodzeńska

  3. Institute of Soil Science, Plant Nutrition and Environmental Protection, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-363, Wroclaw, Poland

    Bernard Gałka

  4. Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 24a, 50-363, Wrocław, Poland

    Henryk Bujak

Authors

  1. Beata Kaliska
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  2. Andrzej Kotecki
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  3. Bernard Gałka
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  4. Magdalena Serafin-Andrzejewska
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  5. Henryk Bujak
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  6. Anna Jama-Rodzeńska
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Contributions

B.K., H.B.- Conceptualization; B.K., A.K., B.G.- Investigation; M.S.A., A.J.R., B.K.-wrote the main manucript; M.S.A, A.J.R.-literature and visualisation; A.K.,B.G. and H.B.-Supervising.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to
Magdalena Serafin-Andrzejewska or Anna Jama-Rodzeńska.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Supplementary Material 1.

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Kaliska, B., Kotecki, A., Gałka, B. et al. Assessment of soybean cultivars’responses to diverse climatic conditions in Northern Poland in terms of yield and seed composition.
Sci Rep (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-31124-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-31124-9

Keywords

  • Climate change
  • Cultivars
  • Seed yield
  • Protein content
  • Fat content
  • AMMI analysis
  • GSI
  • WAAS

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