Katz, B. J. Controlling factors on source rock development—A review of productivity, preservation, and sedimentation rate. Depos. Org. Sediments Model. Mech. Consequences SEPM Spec. Publ. 82, 7–16 (2005).
Tyson, R. V. The, “productivity versus preservation” controversy: Cause, flaws, and resolution. Depos. Org. Sediments Model. Mech. Consequences SEPM Spec. Publ. 82, 17–33 (2005).
Harris, N. B., Freeman, K. H., Pancost, R. D., White, T. S. & Mitchell, G. D. The character and origin of lacustrine source rocks in the Lower Cretaceous synrift section, Congo Basin, west Africa. Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull. 88, 1163–1184 (2004).
Talbot, M. R., Filippi, M. L., Jensen, N. B. & Tiercelin, J.-J. An abrupt change in the African monsoon at the end of the Younger Dryas. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 8(3), Q03005. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GC001465 (2007).
Scholz, C. A. et al. Scientific drilling in the Great Rift Valley: The 2005 Lake Malawi Scientific Drilling Project—An overview of the past 145,000 years of climate variability in Southern Hemisphere East Africa. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 303, 3–19 (2011).
Ellis, G. S., Katz, B. J., Scholz, C. A. & Swart, P. K. Organic sedimentation in modern lacustrine systems: A case study from Lake Malawi, East Africa. In Paying Attention to Mudrocks: Priceless! (eds. Larsen, D. et al.) 515, (Geological Society of America, 2015).
Ivory, S. J. et al. East African weathering dynamics controlled by vegetation-climate feedbacks. Geology 45, 823–826 (2017).
Lambiase, J. & Morley, C. Hydrocarbons in rift basins: The role of stratigraphy. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London. Ser. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 357, 877–900 (1999).
Huc, A. Y., Le Fournier, J., Vandenbroucke, M. & Bessereau, G. Northern Lake Tanganyika—An example of organic sedimentation in an anoxic rift lake. In Lacustrine Basin Exploration: Case Studies and Modern Analogs (ed. Katz B. J.) 50, 169–185 (American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 1990).
Katz, B. J. A survey of rift basin source rocks. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ. 80, 213 (1995).
Lyons, R. P., Scholz, C. A., Buoniconti, M. R. & Martin, M. R. Late Quaternary stratigraphic analysis of the Lake Malawi Rift, East Africa: An integration of drill-core and seismic-reflection data. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 303, 20–37 (2011).
Harris, N. B. & Tucker, G. E. Soils, slopes and source rocks: Application of a soil chemistry model to nutrient delivery to rift lakes. Sediment. Geol. 323, 31–42 (2015).
Talbot, M. R. & Johannessen, T. A high resolution palaeoclimatic record for the last 27,500 years in tropical West Africa from the carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of lacustrine organic matter. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 110, 23–37 (1992).
Talbot, M. R. The origins of lacustrine oil source rocks: Evidence from the lakes of tropical Africa. Geol. Soc. Lond. Spec. Publ. 40, 29–43 (1988).
Petersen, H. I. et al. World-class Paleogene oil-prone source rocks from a cored lacustrine syn-rift succession, Bach Long Vi Island, Song Hong Basin, offshore northern Vietnam. J. Pet. Geol. 37, 373–389 (2014).
Nytoft, H. P. et al. Novel saturated hexacyclic C34 and C35 hopanes in lacustrine oils and source rocks. Org. Geochem. 87, 107–118 (2015).
Hovikoski, J. et al. Density-flow deposition in a fresh-water Lacustrine rift basin, Paleogene Bach Long Vi Graben, Vietnam. J. Sediment. Res. 86, 982–1007 (2016).
Fyhn, M. B. W. et al. Linking paleogene rifting and inversion in the Northern Song Hong and Beibuwan Basins, Vietnam, with left-lateral motion on the ailao shan-red river shear zone. Tectonics 37, 2559–2585 (2018).
Tuyen, N. T. Biostratigraphic report of the ENRECA‐3 well, Bach Long Vi Island prepared for the VPI‐ODA Project, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Oil and Gas Group, Vietnam Petroleum Institute (VPI), Analysis Laboratory Center. (2013).
Rizzi, M. et al. Hinterland setting and composition of an Oligocene deep rift-lake sequence, Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam: Implications for petroleum source rock deposition. Mar. Pet. Geol. 111, 496–509 (2020).
Dymond, J., Suess, E. & Lyle, M. Barium in deep-sea sediment: A geochemical proxy for paleoproductivity. Paleoceanography 7, 163–181 (1992).
Föllmi, K. B. The phosphorus cycle, phosphogenesis and marine phosphate-rich deposits. Earth-Sci. Rev. 40, 55–124 (1996).
Kump, L. R. & Arthur, M. A. Interpreting carbon-isotope excursions: Carbonates and organic matter. Chem. Geol. 161, 181–198 (1999).
Tribovillard, N., Algeo, T. J., Lyons, T. & Riboulleau, A. Trace metals as paleoredox and paleoproductivity proxies: An update. Chem. Geol. 232, 12–32 (2006).
Boyle, J. F. Inorganic geochemical methods in palaeolimnology. In Tracking Environmental Change Using Lake Sediments (eds Last, W. M. & Smol, J. P.) 83–141 (Springer, Berlin, 2005).
Calvert, S. & Pedersen, T. F. Elemental proxies for palaeoclimatic and palaeoceanographic variability in marine sediments: Interpretation and application. Dev. Mar. Geol. 1, 567–644 (2007).
Wersin, P., Höhener, P., Giovanoli, R. & Stumm, W. Early diagenetic influences on iron transformations in a freshwater lake sediment. Chem. Geol. 90, 233–252 (1991).
Melles, M. et al. 2.8 million years of arctic climate change from lake El’gygytgyn, NE Russia. Science 337, 315 (2012).
Naeher, S., Gilli, A., North, R. P., Hamann, Y. & Schubert, C. J. Tracing bottom water oxygenation with sedimentary Mn/Fe ratios in Lake Zurich, Switzerland. Chem. Geol. 352, 125–133 (2013).
Hatch, J. R. & Leventhal, J. S. Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark Shale Member of the Dennis Limestone, Wabaunsee County, Kansas, U.S.A.. Chem. Geol. 99, 65–82 (1992).
Rimmer, S. M. Geochemical paleoredox indicators in Devonian-Mississippian black shales, Central Appalachian Basin (USA). Chem. Geol. 206, 373–391 (2004).
Cuven, S., Francus, P. & Lamoureux, S. Mid to Late Holocene hydroclimatic and geochemical records from the varved sediments of East Lake, Cape Bounty, Canadian High Arctic. Quat. Sci. Rev. 30, 2651–2665 (2011).
Johnson, T. C., Brown, E. T. & Shi, J. Biogenic silica deposition in Lake Malawi, East Africa over the past 150,000 years. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 303, 103–109 (2011).
Lerman, A. Lakes: Chemistry, Geology, Physics (Springer, Berlin , 1978). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-1152-3.
Jia, J., Liu, Z., Bechtel, A., Strobl, S. A. I. & Sun, P. Tectonic and climate control of oil shale deposition in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation (Songliao Basin, NE China). Int. J. Earth Sci. 102, 1717–1734 (2013).
Meng, Q., Liu, Z., Bruch, A. A., Liu, R. & Hu, F. Palaeoclimatic evolution during Eocene and its influence on oil shale mineralisation, Fushun basin, China. J. Asian Earth Sci. 45, 95–105 (2012).
Didyk, B. M., Simoneit, B. R. T., Brassell, S. C. & Eglinton, G. Organic geochemical indicators of palaeoenvironmental conditions of sedimentation. Nature 272, 216–222 (1978).
Sinninghe Damsté, J. S., Ten Haven, H. L., de Leeuw, J. W. & Rullkotter, J. Pristane/phytane ratio as environmental indicator-Reply. Nature 333, 604 (1988).
Sinninghe Damsté, J. S. et al. Evidence for gammacerane as an indicator of water column stratification. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 1895–1900 (1995).
Irwin, H., Curtis, C. & Coleman, M. Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments. Nature 269, 209–213 (1977).
Curtis, C. Mineralogical consequences of organic matter degradation in sediments: Inorganic/organic diagenesis. In Marine Clastic Sedimentology (eds Leggett, J. K. & Zuffa, G. G.) 108–123 (Springer, Berlin, 1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3241-8_6.
Mozley, P. S. & Wersin, P. Isotopic composition of siderite as an indicator of depositional environment. Geology 20, 817–820 (1992).
Schieber, J., Southard, J. & Thaisen, K. Accretion of mudstone beds from migrating floccule ripples. Science 318, 1760 (2007).
Macquaker, J. H. S. & Bohacs, K. M. On the accumulation of mud. Science 318, 1734 (2007).
Föllmi, K. B. & Grimm, K. A. Doomed pioneers: Gravity-flow deposition and bioturbation in marine oxygen-deficient environments. Geology 18, 1069–1072 (1990).
Ingall, E. & Jahnke, R. Evidence for enhanced phosphorus regeneration from marine sediments overlain by oxygen depleted waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 58, 2571–2575 (1994).
Fyhn, M. B. W., Hoang, B. H., Anh, N. T., Hovikoski, J. & Cuong, T. D. Eocene-Oligocene syn-rift deposition in the northern Gulf of Tonkin, Vietnam. Mar. Pet. Geol. 111, 390–413 (2020).
Talling, P. J. On the triggers, resulting flow types and frequencies of subaqueous sediment density flows in different settings. Mar. Geol. 352, 155–182 (2014).
Morley, R. A review of the Cenozoic palaeoclimate history of Southeast Asia. In Biotic Evolution and Environmental Change in Southeast Asia (ed. Rosen, B.) 79–114 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2012).
Bohacs, K. M., Carroll, A. R., Neal, J. E. & Mankiewicz, P. J. Lake-Basin Type, Source Potentional, and Hydrocarbon Character:An Integrated Sequence-Stratigraphic-Geochemichal Framework. Lake basins through space and time: AAPG Studies in Geology 46, (American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2000).
Demaison, G. J. & Moore, G. T. Anoxic environments and oil source bed genesis. Org. Geochem. 2, 9–31 (1980).
Cohen, A. S. Facies relationships and sedimentation in large rift lakes and implications for hydrocarbon exploration: Examples from lakes Turkana and Tanganyika. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 70, 65–80 (1989).
Calvert, S. E., Bustin, R. M. & Pedersen, T. F. Lack of evidence for enhanced preservation of sedimentary organic matter in the oxygen minimum of the Gulf of California. Geology 20, 757–760 (1992).
Katz, B. J. Lacustrine basin hydrocarbon exploration -current thoughts. J. Palaeolimnol. 26, 161–179 (2001).
Bohacs, K. M. et al. Production, destruction, and dilution—The many paths to source-rock development. Spec. Publ. SEPM 82, 61–101 (2005).
Lehmann, M. F., Bernasconi, S. M., Barbieri, A. & McKenzie, J. A. Preservation of organic matter and alteration of its carbon and nitrogen isotope composition during simulated and in situ early sedimentary diagenesis. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 66, 3573–3584 (2002).
Harris, N. B. et al. Patterns of organic-carbon enrichment in a lacustrine source rock in relation to paleo-lake level, Congo Basin, West Africa. Depos. Org. Sediments Model. Mech. Consequences SEPM Spec. Publ. 82, 103–123 (2005).
Bojanowski, M. J. & Clarkson, E. N. K. Origin of siderite concretions in microenvironments of methanogenesis developed in a sulfate reduction zone: An exception or a rule?. J. Sediment. Res. 82, 585–598 (2012).
Berner, R. A. Early Diagenesis—A Theoretical Approach. Princeton Series in Geochemistry (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1980). https://doi.org/10.1016/0037-0738(81)90046-4.
Raiswell, R. Chemical model for the origin of minor limestone-shale cycles by anaerobic methane oxidation. Geology 16, 641–644 (1988).
Canfield, D. E. Reactive iron in marine sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 53, 619–632 (1989).
Katsev, S., Sundby, B. & Mucci, A. Modeling vertical excursions of the redox boundary in sediments: Application to deep basins of the Arctic Ocean. Limnol. Oceanogr. 51, 1581–1593 (2006).
Esbensen, K. H., Guyot, D., Westad, F. & Houmoller, L. P. Multivariate Data Analysis—In Practice: An Introduction to Multivariate Data Analysis and Experimental Design. (Camo, 2002).
Bish, D. L. & Post, J. E. Quantitative mineralogical analysis using the Rietveld full-pattern fitting method. Am. Mineral. 78, 932–940 (1993).
Hutton, A. C. Petrographic classification of oil shales. Int. J. Coal Geol. 8, 203–231 (1987).
Taylor, G. H. et al. Organic Petrology (Gebrüder Borntraeger, Berlin, 1998).
International, Committee for Coal and Organic Petrology. The new inertinite classification (ICCP System 1994). Fuel 80, 459–471 (2001).
Sýkorová, I. et al. Classification of huminite—ICCP System 1994. Int. J. Coal Geol. 62, 85–106 (2005).
Nytoft, H. P. et al. Biomarkers of Oligocene lacustrine source rocks, Beibuwan-Song Hong basin junction, offshore northern Vietnam. Mar. Pet. Geol. 114, 104196 (2020).
Radke, M., Willsch, H. & Welte, D. H. Preparative hydrocarbon group type determination by automated medium pressure liquid chromatography. Anal. Chem. 52, 406–411 (1980).
Craig, H. Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and correction factors for mass-spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 12, 133–149 (1957).
Friedman, I. & O’Neil, J. R. Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest. US Gov. Print. Off. 440, 1–11 (1977).
Source: Ecology - nature.com
