Philippa Kaur

Individual-level sampling The probability of obtaining x infected individuals (D+) in a sample of size n taken without replacement from a population of size N, of which d are infected is described by a hypergeometric distribution81: $$P({D}^{+}=x)=frac{(begin{array}{c}d xend{array})(begin{array}{c}N-d n-xend{array})}{(begin{array}{c}N nend{array})}.$$ (1) However, diagnostic tests are rarely perfect. Infected individuals are correctly detected with probability Se […] More

Insect material Mummified fruits containing diapausing larvae of Eurytoma maslovskii were collected from Korean apricot (Prunus mume) orchards in Suncheon, Korea (34.9 N, 127.4E) in January and February 2016, 2017, and 2018. The infested fruits were placed in screen cages (30 × 30 × 30 cm), and maintained at 25 °C under a photoperiod of L14:D10. Newly emerged […] More

Hypolithic horizon: types and transitions Hypolithic horizons most widely occurred in soils of the valley floors and flanks, which were elevated at least ten centimeters above the zone of meltwater streams at the peak of the warm season. We observed two distinct morphotypes of hypolithic horizons (Fig. 2): (1) cyanobacteria-dominated, which comprised biofilm-covered sandy particles several […] More

1. Marschner, H. & Marschner, P. Marschner’s Mineral Nutrition Of Higher Plants. (Academic Press, 2012). 2. Hänsch, R. & Mendel, R. R. Physiological functions of mineral micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ni, Mo, B, Cl). Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 12, 259–266 (2009). PubMed  Google Scholar  3. Chapin, E. S. The mineral nutrition of wild plants. […] More

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By combining the largest currently available databases on economic uses and naturalization success, we show how the varied uses of plants by humans contribute to their ability to establish outside of their native ranges. The percentage of naturalized taxa among economic plants is almost 18 times higher than among the global seed plant flora without […] More

1. Craine, J. M., Froehle, J., Tilman, D. G., Wedin, D. A. & Chapin, F. S. The relationships among root and leaf traits of 76 grassland species and relative abundance along fertility and disturbance gradients. Oikos 93, 274–285. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0706.2001.930210.x (2001). Article  Google Scholar  2. Song, M. H. et al. Different responses to availability and form […] More