Philippa Kaur

A coupled Hg-C cycle model Figure 2 shows the biogeochemical box model developed here. The full model derivation follows in the ‘Methods’ section. The model combines a multi-box sediment–ocean–atmosphere carbon-alkalinity cycle (based on previous work35,36,37), with the global mercury cycle38,39. The ocean is split into ‘surface’, ‘high-latitude’ and ‘deep’ boxes. It considers ocean circulation and carbonate […] More

1. Guertal, E. A. Slow-release nitrogen fertilizers in vegetable production: A review. Horttechnology 19, 16–19, https://doi.org/10.1051/fruits:2008050 (2009). CAS  Article  Google Scholar  2. Kaplan, L., Tlustoš, P. & Száková, J. The influence of slow-release fertilizers on potted chrysanthemum growth and nutrient consumption. Plant Soil and Environment 59, 385–391, https://doi.org/10.17221/45/2013-PSE (2013). Article  Google Scholar  3. Azeem, B., […] More

Characterization and reproduction of Ionopsis utricularioides colours We measured the spectral reflectance of the orchid flowers (see Methods for details) and calculated the loci of the colours measured in the colour hexagon, a generalized colour-opponent model proposed for hymenopterans19. As no electrophysiological measurements exist for the spectral photoreceptors of Scaptotrigona aff. depilis, we used those […] More

1. Coetzee, B. W. T., Gaston, K. J. & Chown, S. L. Local scale comparisons of biodiversity as a test for global protected area ecological performance: a meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 9, e105824 (2014). ADS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar  2. Gray, C. L. et al. Local biodiversity is higher inside than outside terrestrial protected areas […] More

For the sake of illustration, we introduce two hypothetical scenarios for land use conversion for cover crop seed production, with the caveat that these scenarios do not consider all variables that go into real-world upscaling of seed production for covers. In scenario one, we consider direct competition of land between maize production and cover crop […] More

1. Keeling, C. D., Whorf, T. P., Wahlen, M. & van der Plicht, J. Interannual extremes in the rate of rise of atmospheric carbon dioxide since 1980. Nature 375, 666–670 (1995). ADS  CAS  Google Scholar  2. Stoy, P. C. et al. Variability in net ecosystem exchange from hourly to inter-annual time scales at adjacent pine […] More

1. Hazen, T. C., Rocha, A. M., Techtmann, S. M., Steffan, R. J. & Ramos, J. L. Advances in monitoring environmental microbes. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 24, 526–533 (2013). CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  2. Gotelli, N. & Colwell, R. Estimating species richness. In Biological Diversity. Frontiers in Measurement and Assessment (ed. Magurran and B. J. McGill) […] More

Cardinal temperature data collection Minimum (Tmin), optimum (Topt) and maximum (Tmax) temperatures (collectively ‘cardinal temperatures’) of five life-cycle processes (DD, FR, IN, SG and SP), as well as GC (collectively ‘biological processes’), were extracted and thence digitized from ref. 15 for fungi and oomycete species. Biological processes such as wood decay, spore discharge, enzyme production, […] More