Falkowski, M. et al. Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean primary production. Science 281, 200–207 (1998).
Worden, A. Z. et al. Rethinking the marine carbon cycle: Factoring in the multifarious lifestyles of microbes. Science (80–) 347, 1257594 (2015).
Legendre, L. The significance of microalgal blooms for fisheries and for the export of particulate organic carbon in oceans. J. Plankton Res. 12, 681–699 (1990).
Brander, K. M. Global fish production and climate change. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 19709–19714 (2007).
Cardinale, B. J. Biodiversity improves water quality through niche partitioning. Nature 472, 86–89 (2011).
Striebel, M., Singer, G., Stibor, H. & Andersen, T. ‘Trophic overyielding’: Phytoplankton diversity promotes zooplankton productivity. Ecology 93, 2719–2727 (2012).
Irigoien, X., Huisman, J. & Harris, R. P. Global biodiversity patterns of marine phytoplankton and zooplankton. Nature 429, 863–867 (2004).
Chust, G., Irigoien, X., Chave, J. & Harris, R. P. Latitudinal phytoplankton distribution and the neutral theory of biodiversity. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 22, 531–543 (2013).
Righetti, D., Vogt, M., Gruber, N., Psomas, A. & Zimmermann, N. E. Global pattern of phytoplankton diversity driven by temperature and environmental variability. Sci. Adv. 5, eaau6253 (2019).
Della Penna, A. & Gaube, P. Overview of (sub)mesoscale ocean dynamics for the NAAMES field program. Front. Mar. Sci. 6, 1–7 (2019).
d’Ovidio, F., De Monte, S., Alvain, S., Dandonneau, Y. & Levy, M. Fluid dynamical niches of phytoplankton types. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107, 18366–18370 (2010).
Villar, E. et al. Environmental characteristics of Agulhas rings affect interocean plankton transport. Science (80–) 348, 1261447–1261447 (2015).
Mousing, E. A., Richardson, K., Bendtsen, J., Cetinić, I. & Perry, M. J. Evidence of small-scale spatial structuring of phytoplankton alpha- and beta-diversity in the open ocean. J. Ecol. 104, 1682–1695 (2016).
Lévy, M., Franks, P. J. S. & Smith, K. S. The role of submesoscale currents in structuring marine ecosystems. Nat. Commun. 9, 4758 (2018).
Perruche, C., Rivière, P., Lapeyre, G., Carton, X. & Pondaven, P. Effects of surface quasi-geostrophic turbulence on phytoplankton competition and coexistence. J. Mar. Res. 69, 105–135 (2011).
Prairie, J. C., Sutherland, K. R., Nickols, K. J. & Kaltenberg, A. M. Biophysical interactions in the plankton: A cross-scale review. Limnol. Oceanogr. Fluids Environ. 2, 121–145 (2012).
Adjou, M., Bendtsen, J. & Richardson, K. Modeling the influence from ocean transport, mixing and grazing on phytoplankton diversity. Ecol. Modell. 225, 19–27 (2012).
Clayton, S., Dutkiewicz, S., Jahn, O. & Follows, M. J. Dispersal, eddies, and the diversity of marine phytoplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr. Fluids Environ. 3, 182–197 (2013).
Lévy, M., Jahn, O., Dutkiewicz, S., Follows, M. J. & d’Ovidio, F. The dynamical landscape of marine phytoplankton diversity. J. R. Soc. Interface 12, 20150481 (2015).
Cadier, M., Sourisseau, M., Gorgues, T., Edwards, C. A. & Memery, L. Assessing spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton communities’ composition in the Iroise Sea ecosystem (Brittany, France): A 3D modeling approach: Part 2: Linking summer mesoscale distribution of phenotypic diversity to hydrodynamism. J. Mar. Syst. 169, 111–126 (2017).
Clayton, S., Lin, Y. C., Follows, M. J. & Worden, A. Z. Co-existence of distinct Ostreococcus ecotypes at an oceanic front. Limnol. Oceanogr. 62, 75–88 (2017).
Hill, A. E. et al. Thermohaline circulation of shallow tidal seas. Geophys. Res. Lett. 35, 5–9 (2008).
Sharples, J. et al. Internal tidal mixing as a control on continental margin ecosystems. Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, 1–5 (2009).
Franks, P. J. S. Phytoplankton blooms at fronts: Patterns, scales, and physical forcing mechanisms. Rev. Aquat. Sci. 6, 121–137 (1992).
Simpson, J. H. The shelf-sea fronts: Implications of their existence and behaviour. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 302, 531–546 (1981).
Le Fèvre, J., Viollier, M., Le Corre, P., Dupouy, C. & Grall, J. R. Remote sensing observations of biological material by LANDSAT along a tidal thermal front and their relevancy to the available field data. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 16, 37–50 (1983).
Sverdrup, H. U. On conditions for the vernal bloom of phytoplankton. J. Cons. Perm. Int. Explor. Mer 18, 287–295 (1953).
Morin, P., Le Corre, P. & Le Févre, J. Assimilation and regeneration of nutrients off the west coast of brittany. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. United Kingdom 65, 677–695 (1985).
Cloern, J. E. Phytoplankton bloom dynamics in coastal ecosystems: A review with some general lessons from sustained investigation of San Francisco Bay, California. Rev. Geophys. 34, 127 (1996).
Simpson, J. H. & Hunter, J. R. Fronts in the Irish Sea. Nature 250, 404–406 (1974).
Mariette, V. & Le Cann, B. Simulation of the formation of Ushant thermal front. Cont. Shelf Res. 4, 20 (1985).
Sharples, J. et al. Spring-neap modulation of internal tide mixing and vertical nitrate fluxes at a shelf edge in summer. Limnol. Oceanogr. 52, 1735–1747 (2007).
Le Fèvre, J. Aspects of the biology of frontal systems. Adv. Mar. Biol. 23, 163–299 (1986).
Maguer, J. F., L’Helguen, S. & Waeles, M. Effects of mixing-induced irradiance fluctuations on nitrogen uptake in size-fractionated coastal phytoplankton communities. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 154, 1–11 (2015).
Cadier, M., Gorgues, T., LHelguen, S., Sourisseau, M. & Memery, L. Tidal cycle control of biogeochemical and ecological properties of a macrotidal ecosystem. Geophys. Res. Lett. 44, 8453–8462 (2017).
Sharples, J. Potential impacts of the spring-neap tidal cycle on shelf sea primary production. J. Plankton Res. 30, 183–197 (2008).
Zhou, J. & Ning, D. Stochastic community assembly: Does it matter in microbial ecology?. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 81, 1–32 (2017).
Hardin, G. The exclusion competitive principle. Am. Assoc. Adv. Sci. 131, 1292–1297 (1960).
Barton, A. D., Dutkiewicz, S., Flierl, G., Bragg, J. & Follows, M. J. Patterns of Diversity in Marine Phytoplankton. Science (80–) 327, 1509–1512 (2010).
Charria, G. et al. Surface layer circulation derived from Lagrangian drifters in the Bay of Biscay. J. Mar. Syst. 109–110, S60–S76 (2013).
Ménesguen, A. et al. How to avoid eutrophication in coastal seas? A new approach to derive river-specific combined nitrate and phosphate maximum concentrations. Sci. Total Environ. 628–629, 400–414 (2018).
Litchman, E. & Klausmeier, C. A. Trait-based community ecology of phytoplankton. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 39, 615–639 (2008).
Ramond, P. et al. Coupling between taxonomic and functional diversity in protistan coastal communities. Environ. Microbiol. 21, 730–749 (2019).
Aminot, A. & Kérouel, R. Dosage Automatique des Nutriments Dans les Eaux Marines: Méthodes en Flux Continu. (2007).
Stoeck, T. et al. Multiple marker parallel tag environmental DNA sequencing reveals a highly complex eukaryotic community in marine anoxic water. Mol. Ecol. 19, 21–31 (2010).
Edgar, R. C., Haas, B. J., Clemente, J. C., Quince, C. & Knight, R. UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection. Bioinformatics 27, 2194–2200 (2011).
de Vargas, C. et al. Eukaryotic plankton diversity in the sunlit ocean. Science (80–) 348, 1261605 (2015).
Guillou, L. et al. The Protist Ribosomal Reference database (PR2): A catalog of unicellular eukaryote Small Sub-Unit rRNA sequences with curated taxonomy. Nucleic Acids Res. 41, 597–604 (2013).
Mahé, F., Rognes, T., Quince, C., de Vargas, C. & Dunthorn, M. Swarm v2: Highly-scalable and high-resolution amplicon clustering. PeerJ 1420, 1–20 (2015).
R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. (2018). R version 3.5.0 (2018-04-23)—“Joy in Playing”. www.r-project.org.
Mitra, A. The perfect beast. Sci. Am. 318, 26–33 (2018).
Oksanen, J. et al. vegan: Community Ecology Package. (2018).
Hsieh, T. C., Ma, K. H. & Chao, A. iNEXT: An R package for interpolation and extrapolation in measuring species diversity. 1–18 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12613.
Csárdi, G. & Nepusz, T. The igraph software package for complex network research. J. Comput. Appl. https://doi.org/10.3724/SP.J.1087.2009.02191 (2014).
Stegen, J. C. et al. Quantifying community assembly processes and identifying features that impose them. ISME J. 7, 2069–2079 (2013).
Bruggeman, J. A phylogenetic approach to the estimation of phytoplankton traits. J. Phycol. 65, 52–65 (2011).
Callahan, B. J., Sankaran, K., Fukuyama, J. A., McMurdie, P. J. & Holmes, S. P. Bioconductor workflow for microbiome data analysis: From raw reads to community analyses [version 1; referees: 3 approved]. F1000Research 5, 1–49 (2016).
Kembel, S. W. et al. Picante: R tools for integrating phylogenies and ecology. Bioinformatics 26, 1463–1464 (2010).
Chase, J. M., Kraft, N. J. B., Smith, K. G., Vellend, M. & Inouye, B. D. Using null models to disentangle variation in community dissimilarity from variation in α-diversity. Ecosphere 2, 20 (2011).
Stegen, J. C., Lin, X., Fredrickson, J. K. & Konopka, A. E. Estimating and mapping ecological processes influencing microbial community assembly. Front. Microbiol. 6, 1–15 (2015).
Maire, E., Grenouillet, G., Brosse, S. & Villéger, S. How many dimensions are needed to accurately assess functional diversity? A pragmatic approach for assessing the quality of functional spaces. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 24, 728–740 (2015).
Legendre, P. & Legendre, L. Numerical Ecology. Third English. (Elsevier, Oxford, 2012).
Massana, R. Eukaryotic picoplankton in surface oceans. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 65, 91–110 (2011).
Litchman, E., Klausmeier, C. A., Schofield, O. M. & Falkowski, P. G. The role of functional traits and trade-offs in structuring phytoplankton communities: Scaling from cellular to ecosystem level. Ecol. Lett. 10, 1170–1181 (2007).
Margalef, R. Life-forms of phytoplankton as survival alternatives in an unstable environment. Oceanologia 1, 493–509 (1978).
Thingstad, T. F., Øvreas, L., Egge, J. K., Løvdal, T. & Heldal, M. Use of non-limiting substrates to increase size; a generic strategy to simultaneously optimize uptake and minimize predation in pelagic osmotrophs?. Ecol. Lett. 8, 675–682 (2005).
Marañón, E. Cell size as a key determinant of phytoplankton metabolism and community structure. Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci. 7, 241–264 (2015).
Raven, J. A. Small is beautiful: The picophytoplankton. Funct. Ecol. 12, 503–513 (1998).
Castaing, P. et al. Relationship between hydrology and seasonal distribution of suspended sediments on the continental shelf of the Bay of Biscay. Deep. Res. Part II Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 46, 1979–2001 (1999).
Schultes, S., Sourisseau, M., Le, E., Lunven, M. & Marié, L. Influence of physical forcing on mesozooplankton communities at the Ushant tidal front. J. Mar. Syst. 109–110, S191–S202 (2013).
Cabello, A. M., Latasa, M., Forn, I., Morán, X. A. G. & Massana, R. Vertical distribution of major photosynthetic picoeukaryotic groups in stratified marine waters. Environ. Microbiol. 18, 1578–1590 (2016).
Simo-Matchim, A.-G., Gosselin, M., Poulin, M., Ardyna, M. & Lessard, S. Summer and fall distribution of phytoplankton in relation to environmental variables in Labrador fjords, with special emphasis on Phaeocystis pouchetii. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 572, 19–42 (2017).
Vallina, S. M. et al. Global relationship between phytoplankton diversity and productivity in the ocean. Nat. Commun. 5, 4299 (2014).
Connell, J. Diversity in tropical rain forests and coral reefs. Science 199, 1302–1310 (1978).
Reynolds, C. S., Padisak, J. & Sommer, U. Intermediate disturbance in the ecology of phytoplankton and the maintenance of species diversity : A synthesis. Hydrobiologia 249, 183–188 (1993).
Fox, J. W. The intermediate disturbance hypothesis should be abandoned. Trends Ecol. Evol. 28, 86–92 (2013).
Chevallier, C. et al. Observations of the Ushant front displacements with MSG/SEVIRI derived sea surface temperature data. Remote Sens. Environ. 146, 3–10 (2014).
Raes, E. J. et al. Oceanographic boundaries constrain microbial diversity gradients in the South Pacific Ocean. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719335115 (2018).
Ribalet, F. et al. Unveiling a phytoplankton hotspot at a narrow boundary between coastal and offshore waters. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 107, 16571–16576 (2010).
Villa Martín, P., Buček, A., Bourguignon, T. & Pigolotti, S. Ocean currents promote rare species diversity in protists. Sci. Adv. 6, eaaz9037 (2020).
Reynolds, C. S. Scales of disturbance and their role in plankton ecology. Hydrobiologia 249, 157–171 (1993).
Marañon, E. et al. Unimodal size scaling of phytoplankton growth and the size dependence of nutrient uptake and use. Ecol. Lett. 16, 371–379 (2013).
Mouillot, D., Gaham, N. A. J., Villéger, S., Mason, N. W. H. & Bellwood, D. R. A functional approach reveals community responses to disturbances. Trends Ecol. Evol. 28, 167–177 (2013).
Kruk, C. et al. Functional redundancy increases towards the tropics in lake phytoplankton. J. Plankton Res. 39, 518–530 (2017).
Leruste, A., Villéger, S., Malet, N., De Wit, R. & Bec, B. Complementarity of the multidimensional functional and the taxonomic approaches to study phytoplankton communities in three Mediterranean coastal lagoons of different trophic status. Hydrobiologia https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-018-3565-4 (2018).
Pauly, D. & Christensen, V. Primary production required to sustain global fisheries. Nature 374, 255–257 (1995).
Ayata, S. D., Stolba, R., Comtet, T. & Thiébaut, E. Meroplankton distribution and its relationship to coastal mesoscale hydrological structure in the northern Bay of Biscay (NE Atlantic). J. Plankton Res. 33, 1193–1211 (2011).
Source: Ecology - nature.com
