Bistability in mutualistic systems creates a survival threshold We study a theoretical system of two mutualistic species with densities ({rho }_{1}) and ({rho }_{2}). Mutualism is mediated by cross-feeding: each species consumes a nutrient, with resp. concentrations ({P}_{1}) and ({P}_{2}), produced by the other species. We also assume that each species requires an additional nutrient […] More
The diffuse light around cities in nighttime satellite imagery of the Earth has often been interpreted as instrumental error. Here we have shown that this is not the case. Rather, this light is mostly due to sky brightness propagated from urban areas. This is quite an exciting result, as it means that, in principle, maps […] More
Origin of the sulphur isotope mass-independent fractionation signal Almost all physical, chemical and biological processes fractionate S-isotopes by the relative mass differences of each isotope, producing Δ33S values that are near-zero27. Sulphur photochemistry is one of the few processes that produces mass-independent fractionation, yielding non-zero Δ33S values16,29,30. As such, S-isotopes have been successfully used in […] More
1. Hoegh-Guldberg, O. Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world’s coral reefs. Marine and freshwater research 50, 839–866 (1999). Google Scholar 2. Hughes, T. P. et al. Spatial and temporal patterns of mass bleaching of corals in the Anthropocene. Science 359, 80–83 (2018). 3. Eakin, C., Lough, J., Heron, S. & Liu, […] More
1. Muscatine, L. In Ecosystems of the world 25: Coral reefs (ed. Z. Dubinsky) 75-84 (Elsevier (1990). 2. Glynn, P. W., Maté, J. L., Baker, A. C. & Calderón, M. O. Coral bleaching and mortality in Panama and Ecuador during the 1997–1998 El Niño–Southern Oscillation Event: spatial/temporal patterns and comparisons with the 1982–1983 event. Bull. […] More
1. Muhlfeld, C. C. et al. Hybridization rapidly reduces fitness of a native trout in the wild. Biol. Lett. 5, 328–331 (2009). Article Google Scholar 2. Muhlfeld, C. C. et al. Legacy introductions and climatic variation explain spatiotemporal patterns of invasive hybridization in a native trout. Global Change Biol. 23, 4663–4674 (2017). 3. Goodman, S. […] More
Body morphology and superhydrophobicity The body of Halobates is covered by a variety of specialized hairs (Fig. 1). The very small and densely packed microtrichia (1.5 to 2 µm in length) cover much of its body (both the dorsal and ventral mesothorax, Fig. 1A,B,G,H), while the less abundant setae or macrotrichia (30 µm in length) (Fig. 1H,J) are interspersed among […] More
Influence of basin geodynamics and petroleum fields We applied GIS-based geospatial and geostatistical analyses to evaluate the relationship between hydrocarbon seep distribution, basin geodynamics and petroleum fields (see Methods). Convergent basins include retroarc, forearc, arc-related wrench and foreland basins associated with fold-and-thrust belts and form in geodynamic settings characterised by continental shortening and tectonic loading20 […] More
