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Engineering approaches to wastewater treatment must aim for more than improved efficiency. Water is essential to any form of life on Earth — we need enough of it and of the right quality. This is so much at the core of sustainability that we have written about it in previous editorials (Nat. Sustain. 1, 151–152 […] More
1. Elimelech, M. & Phillip, W. A. The future of seawater desalination: energy, technology, and the environment. Science 333, 712–717 (2011). 2. Van der Bruggen, B. & Vandecasteele, C. Distillation vs. membrane filtration: overview of process evolutions in seawater desalination. Desalination 143, 207–218 (2002). Article Google Scholar 3. Sholl, D. S. & Lively, R. P. […] More
Prevalence of E. coli The prevalence of E. coli and total coliform colony-forming unit per milliliter (cfu mL−1) is presented (Table 1) along with in-situ parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), oxidation–reduction potential (ORP), salinity, and temperature. E. coli in the river ranged between 19,467 and 76,600 cfu mL−1, which is an […] More
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1. Weingartner, R. & Viviroli, D. Water resources in mountain regions: a methodological approach to assess the water balance in a highland-lowland-system. Hydrol. Process. 21, 578–585 (2007). Article Google Scholar 2. Regional Climate Change and Adaptation: The Alps Facing the Challenge of Changing Water Resources (EEA, 2009). 3. Viviroli, D., Dürr, H. H., Messerli, B., […] More
The assessment of emissions of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter (BOD) in domestic waste involved several steps, namely assessment (i) of the spatial distribution of annual domestic waste (LOCATION); (ii) of the pollution loads (QUANTITY); and (iii) of the level of treatment (REDUCTION). Location The Waterbase – Urban Waste Water Treatment Directive (UWWTD) database v610, […] More
Affiliations Packing and Industrial Materials Laboratory, Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., 3 Chigusa-Kaigan, Ichihara, Chiba, 299-0108, Japan Yasuhiko Otsuki & Hiroko Sasaki School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan Yoko Fujii , Panitha Phulkerd & Masayuki Yamaguchi Corresponding authors Correspondence to Yasuhiko Otsuki or Masayuki Yamaguchi. More
Since 1920, when Staudinger first reported his seminal paper describing evidence that macromolecules exist, many researchers have studied synthetic methodologies of polymers and developed their practical applications over the last 100 years. In particular, triggered by great discoveries in the 1950s, that is stereospecific polymerization of propylene by Natta and living anionic polymerization of styrene […] More
