in

An intergenerational approach to parasitoid fitness determined using clutch size

  • Quicke, D. L. Parasitic Wasps (Chapman & Hall Ltd., 1997).

    Google Scholar 

  • Godfray, H. C. J. Parasitoids: Behavioral and Evolutionary Ecology (Princeton University Press, 1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayhew, P. J. & van Alphen, J. J. M. Gregarious development in alysiine parasitoids evolved through a reduction in larval aggression. Anim. Behav. 58 , 131–141 (1999).

  • Mayhew, P. J. & Hardy, I. C. W. Nonsiblicidal behavior and the evolution of clutch size in bethylid wasps. Am. Nat. 151, 409–424 (1998).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt, J. M. & Smith, J. J. B. Correlations between body angles and substrate curvature in the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma minutum: A possible mechanism of host radius measurement. J. Exp. Biol. 125, 271–285 (1986).

    Google Scholar 

  • Boivin, G. & Baaren, J. The role of larval aggression and mobility in the transition between solitary and gregarious development in parasitoid wasps. Ecol. Lett. 3, 469–474 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenheim, J. A., Wilhoit, L. R. & Armer, C. A. Influence of intraguild predation among generalist insect predators on the suppression of an herbivore population. Oecologia 96, 439–449 (1993).

    ADS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayhew, P. J. The evolution of gregariousness in parasitoid wasps. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. 265, 383–389 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey, P. H. & Partridge, L. Murderous mandibles and black holes in hymenopteran wasps. Nature 326, 128–129 (1987).

    ADS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Pexton, J. J. & Mayhew, P. J. Competitive interactions between parasitoid larvae and the evolution of gregarious development. Oecologia 141, 179–190 (2004).

    ADS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Pexton, J. J. & Mayhew, P. J. Immobility: The key to family harmony? Trends Ecol. Evol. 16, 7–9 (2001).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Godfray, H. C. J. The evolution of clutch size in parasitic wasps. Am. Nat. 129, 221–233 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • Laing, J. E. & Corrigan, J. E. Intrinsic competition between the gregarious parasite, Cotesia glomeratus and the solitary parasite Cotesia rubecula (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for their host Artogeia rapae (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Entomophaga 32, 493–501 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pexton, J. J. & Mayhew, P. J. Clutch size adjustment, information use and the evolution of gregarious development in parasitoid wasps. Behav. Ecol. Soc. 58, 99–110 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reitz, S. R. & Adler, P. H. Fecundity and oviposition of Eucelatoria bryani, a gregarious parasitoid of Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 75, 175–181 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wei, K., Tang, Y. L., Wang, X. Y., Cao, L. M. & Yang, Z. Q. The developmental strategies and related profitability of an idiobiont ectoparasitoid Sclerodermus pupariae vary with host size. Ecol. Entomol. 39, 101–108 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • van Alphen, J. J. M. & Visser, M. E. Superparasitism as an adaptive strategy for insect parasitoids. Ann. Rev. Entomol. 35, 59–79 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayhew, P. J. & Glaizot, O. Integrating theory of clutch size and body size evolution for parasitoids. Oikos 92, 372–376 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  • Samková, A., Hadrava, J., Skuhrovec, J. & Janšta, P. Reproductive strategy as a major factor determining female body size and fertility of a gregarious parasitoid. J. Appl. Entomol. 143, 441–450 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardy, I. C. W., Griffiths, N. T. & Godfray, H. C. J. Clutch size in a parasitoid wasp: A manipulation experiment. J. Anim. Ecol. 61, 121–129 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  • Visser, M. E. The importance of being large: The relationship between size and fitness in females of the parasitoid Aphaereta minuta (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). J. Anim. Ecol. 63, 963–978 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sagarra, L. A., Vincent, C. & Stewart, R. K. Body size as an indicator of parasitoid quality in male and female Anagyrus kamali (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae). Bull. Entomol. Res. 91, 363–367 (2001).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Bezemer, T. M. & Mills, N. J. Clutch size decisions of a gregarious parasitoid under laboratory and field conditions. Anim. Behav. 66, 1119–1128 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • Takagi, M. The reproductive strategy of the gregarious parasitoid, Pteromalus puparum (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Oecologia 68, 1–6 (1985).

    ADS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Jervis, M. A., Ferns, P. N. & Heimpel, G. E. Body size and the timing of egg production in parasitoid wasps: A comparative analysis. Funct. Ecol. 17, 375–383 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • Waage, J. K. & Lane, J. A. The reproductive strategy of a parasitic wasp: II. Sex allocation and local mate competition in Trichogramma evanescens. J. Anim. Ecol. 53, 417–426 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  • Waage, J. K. & Ming, N. S. The reproductive strategy of a parasitic wasp: I. Optimal progeny and sex allocation in Trichogramma evanescens. J. Anim. Ecol. 53, 401–415 (1984).

    Google Scholar 

  • Rabinovich, J. E., Jorda, M. T. & Bernstein, C. Local mate competition and precise sex ratios in Telenomus fariai (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), a parasitoid of triatomine eggs. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 48, 308–315 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Goubault, M., Mack, A. F. & Hardy, I. C. W. Encountering competitors reduces clutch size and increases offspring size in a parasitoid with female–female fighting. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. 274, 2571–2577 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • Duval, J. F., Brodeur, J., Doyon, J. & Boivin, G. Impact of superparasitism time intervals on progeny survival and fitness of an egg parasitoid. Ecol. Entomol. 43, 310–317 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mesterton-Gibbons, M. & Hardy, I. C. W. The influence of contests on optimal clutch size: A game–theoretic model. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. 271, 971–978 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • Koppik, M., Thiel, A. & Hoffmeister, T. S. Adaptive decision making or differential mortality: What causes offspring emergence in a gregarious parasitoid? Entomol. Exp. Appl. 150, 208–216 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • Heimpel, G. E. Host–parasitoid population dynamics. In Parasitoid population biology (eds Hochberg, M. E. & Ives, A. R.) 27–40 (Princeton, 2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaviezo, T. & Mills, M. Factors influencing the evolution of clutch size in a gregarious insect parasitoid. J. Anim. Ecol. 69, 1047–1057 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kazmer, D. J. & Luck, R. F. Field tests of the size-fitness hypothesis in the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum. Ecology 76, 412–425 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • Segoli, M. & Rosenheim, J. A. The effect of body size on oviposition success of a minute parasitoid in nature. Ecol. Entomol. 40, 483–485 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gao, S. K., Wei, K., Tang, Z. L., Wang, X. Y. & Yang, Z. Q. Effect of parasitoid density on the timing of parasitism and development duration of progeny in Sclerodermus pupariae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). Biol. Control 97, 57–62 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. C. & Paschke, J. D. The biology and ecology of Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), an exotic egg parasite of the cereal leaf beetle. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 61, 1–5 (1968).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoffman, G. D. & Rao, S. Oviposition site selection on oats: The effect of plant architecture, plant and leaf age, tissue toughness, and hardness on cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 141, 232–244 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • Samková, A., Hadrava, J., Skuhrovec, J. & Janšta, P. Host population density and presence of predators as key factors influencing the number of gregarious parasitoid Anaphes flavipes offspring. Sci. Rep. UK 9, 1–7 (2019).

    ADS 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardy, I. C. W. Sex ratio and mating structure in the parasitoid Hymenoptera. Oikos 69, 3–20 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  • Godfray, H. C. J. Models for clutch size and sex ratio with sibling interaction. Theor. Popul. Biol. 30, 215–231 (1986).

    MATH 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hardy, I. C. W. Non-binomial sex allocation and brood sex ratio variances in the parasitoid Hymenoptera. Oikos 65, 143–158 (1992).

    Google Scholar 

  • Petersen, G. & Hardy, I. C. W. The importance of being larger: Parasitoid intruder–owner contests and their implications for clutch size. Anim. Behav. 51, 1363–1373 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • Klomp, H. & Teerink, B. J. The significance of oviposition rates in the egg parasite, Trichogramma embryophagum Htg. Arch. Neerl. Zool. 17, 350–375 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • May, R. M., Hassell, M. P., Anderson, R. M. & Tonkyn, D. W. Density dependence in host–parasitoid models. J. Anim. Ecol. 50, 855–865 (1981).

    MathSciNet 

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoddle, M. S., Van Driesche, R. G., Elkinton, J. S. & Sanderson, J. P. Discovery and utilization of Bemisia argentifolii patches by Eretmocerus eremicus and Encarsia formosa (Beltsville strain) in greenhouses. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 87, 15–28 (1998).

    Google Scholar 

  • Samková, A., Raška, J., Hadrava, J. & Skuhrovec, J. Scarcity of hosts for gregarious parasitoids indicates an increase of individual offspring fertility by reducing their own fertility. bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.05.434037 (2021).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • van Dijken, M. J. & Waage, J. K. Self and conspecific superparasitism by the egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 43, 183–192 (1987).

    Google Scholar 

  • van de Vijver, E. et al. Inter-and intrafield distribution of cereal leaf beetle species (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Belgian winter wheat. Environ. Entomol. 48, 276–283 (2019).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • Samková, A., Hadrava, J., Skuhrovec, J. & Janšta, P. Host specificity of the parasitic wasp Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) and a new defence in its hosts (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Oulema spp.). Insects 11, 175 (2020).

    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • Bezděk, J. & Baselga, A. Revision of western Palaearctic species of the Oulema melanopus group, with description of two new species from Europe (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Criocerinae). Acta Entomol. Mus. Nat. Pragae 55, 273–304 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, R. C. & Paschke, J. D. Additional observations on the biology of Anaphes flavipes (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), with special reference to the effects of temperature and superparasitism on development. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 62, 1316–1321 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  • R Core Team. A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing (R Core Team, 2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bates, D., Mächler, M., Bolker, B. & Walker, S. Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4. J. Stat. Softw. 67, 1–48 (2015). https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lme4.


  • Source: Ecology - nature.com

    A better way to separate gases

    Snake-like limb loss in a Carboniferous amniote