COMMENT 12 February 2020 A levy on fossil fuels can support and restore ecosystems that help to stem climate change. Edward B. Barbier, Edward B. Barbier is a university distinguished professor in the Department of Economics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. Contact Search for this author in: Ricardo Lozano, Ricardo Lozano is Minister […] More
Strata We defined two geographical strata to spatially match season-specific penguin foraging locations with estimates of LKB and LHR. These strata were based on areas where foraging penguins and krill fishing overlap26 and on the availability of krill biomass estimates from research-vessel surveys22,23. We defined the strata as the Drake Passage, combining the western and […] More
Data acquisition The data were collected by two research programs: the Chronicles of Nature (Letopisi Prirody) monitoring program, and a volunteer network of phenological observers (Fenologicheskii Klub). The Chronicles of Nature monitoring program22 is based on the network of strictly protected areas (zapovedniks) and national parks. The program gradually evolved during early 1900s23 and was […] More
Voyage The cold-core cyclonic eddy was studied between 28 March and 3 April 2016 and was part of a GEOTRACES process study (Fig. 1). The eddy was about 190 km in diameter and was a stable feature that had formed approximately 1 month prior to sampling (Fig. 1, Supplementary Movie 1). It was formed by detaching from waters 2 degrees […] More
Ahmed MZ, Breinholt JW, Kawahara AY (2016) Evidence for common horizontal transmission of Wolbachia among butterflies and moths. BMC Evol Biol 16:118 Anbutsu H, Goto S, Fukatsu T (2008) High and low temperatures differently affect infection density and vertical transmission of male-killing Spiroplasma symbionts in Drosophila hosts. Appl Environ Microbiol 74(19):6053–6059 Atyame CM, Delsuc F, […] More
Microbial interactions are dependent on diversity and time since inoculation The link between increasing biodiversity and primary productivity is well-established in environmental bacteria, and our results confirmed this relationship in clinical isolates (Fig. 1a) was significant (β48 = 1.49 ± 0.46 log10(colony forming units (cfu) ml−1) species−1, R2 = 0.29, p = 0.003) over time scales encompassing initial growth, but became non-significant (β168 = 0.79 ± 0.39 log10(cfu […] More
Delineation of pangenomes and habitats descriptors The basis of this study is a large collection of pangenomes from a diverse set of prokaryotic species. To establish this collection, we filtered the proGenomes database of annotated prokaryotic genomes [32] to select consistently defined species (see “Methods”, also [31]) for which at least ten high-quality genomes (conspecific […] More
1. Mcmahon S, Parnell J. Weighing the deep continental biosphere. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2014;87:113–20. 2. Magnabosco C, Lin L-H, Dong H, Bomberg M, Ghiorse W, Stan-Lotter H, et al. The biomass and biodiversity of the continental subsurface. Nat Geosci. 2018;11:707–17. 3. Pedersen K. Microbial life in deep granitic rock. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 1997;20:399–414. 4. Bagnoud […] More
