Our data indicate that under experimental conditions, dogs may ingest copepods during a drinking event. Thus, it is theoretically possible that enough infected copepods could be ingested to result in dog infections if the copepod infection rate was high enough. We also found that higher densities of copepods led to higher ingestion rates. In Chad, […] More
Macroscopic characteristics of RD in spatial pattern Spatial statistics suggested that RD was distributed in every province-level municipality in southwest China, with the specific area proportions derived as 12.09% in Guizhou, 7.30% in Guangxi, 5.32% in Yunnan, 2.90% in Chongqing, 1.59% in Hunan, 1.44% in Hubei, 0.85% in Guangdong, and 0.45% in Sichuan in a […] More
Study sites To test the association between urban versus rural land use on insect pollinators and pollination, we used a well-replicated study design that employed a flower-rich urban site paired with a flower-rich rural site, replicated across nine major cities in central and eastern Germany. Cities were Berlin, Braunschweig, Chemnitz, Dresden, Göttingen, Halle, Jena, Leipzig […] More
1. Archer, M. E. The Vespoid wasps (Tiphiidae, Mutillidae, Sapygidae, Scoliidae and Vespidae) of the British Isles. Handbooks for the identification of British insects, volume 6, part 6. (Royal Entomological Society, 2014). 2. Bogdanowicz, W., Chudzicka, E., Pilipiuk, I. & Skibińska, E. Fauna of Poland – Characteristics and checklist of species, volume 1 (in Polish). […] More
Data collection For the purpose of this study, disease incidence is defined as the number of CBS positive fruit (hard spot symptoms)/total number of fruits examined, and disease severity is defined as the percentage of fruit surface covered by hard spot lesions. The disease incidence and severity of CBS was examined over a 3-year period […] More
1. IPCC Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report (eds Core Writing Team, Pachauri, R. K. and Reisinger, A.) (IPCC, 2007). 2. Zhang, Y. & Tao, S. Global atmospheric emission inventory of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) for 2004. Atmos. Environ. 43, 812–819 (2009). 3. Klimont, Z. et al. Global anthropogenic emissions of particulate matter including black carbon. […] More
1. Fonseca, P. & Revez, M. A. Temperature dependence of cicada songs (Homoptera, Cicadoidea). Journal of comparative Physiology A 187, 971–976 (2002). 2. Moriyama, M. & Numata, H. Diapause and prolonged development in the embryo and their ecological significance in two cicadas, Cryptotympana facialis and Graptopsaltria nigrofuscata. Journal of insect physiology 54, 1487–1494 (2008). 3. […] More
1. Jørgensen, B. B. Mineralization of organic matter in the sea bed-the role of sulfate reduction. Nature 296, 643–645 (1982). 2. D’Hondt, S., Rutherford, S. & Spivack, A. J. Metabolic activity of subsurface life in deep-sea sediments. Science 295, 2067–2070 (2002). 3. Hoehler, T. M., Alperin, M. J., Albert, D. B. & Martens, C. S. […] More
