Bastin, J. F. et al. The global tree restoration potential. Science 364, 76–79 (2019).
Lewis, S. L., Wheeler, C. E., Mitchard, E. T. A. & Koch, A. Regenerate natural forests to store carbon. Nature 568, 25–28 (2019).
Chazdon, R. L. & Brancalion, P. Restoring forests as a means to many ends. Science 365, 24–25 (2019).
Busch, J. et al. Potential for low-cost carbon dioxide removal through tropical reforestation. Nat. Clim. Change 9, 463–466 (2019).
Brancalion, P. H. S. et al. Global restoration opportunities in tropical rainforest landscapes. Sci. Adv. 5, eaav3223 (2019).
Strassburg, B. B. N. et al. Strategic approaches to restoring ecosystems can triple conservation gains and halve costs. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 3, 62–70 (2019).
Friedlingstein, P., Allen, M., Canadell, J. G., Peters, G. P. & Seneviratne, S. I. Comment on “The global tree restoration potential”. Science 366, eaay8060 (2019).
Lewis, S. L. et al. Comment on “The global tree restoration potential”. Science 366, eaaz0388 (2019).
Veldman, J. W. et al. Comment on “The global tree restoration potential”. Science 366, eaay7976 (2019).
Anderson, C. M. et al. Natural climate solutions are not enough. Science 363, 933–934 (2019).
Maron, M. et al. Global no net loss of natural ecosystems. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 4, 46–49 (2019).
Schleicher, J. et al. Protecting half of the planet could directly affect over one billion people. Nat. Sustain. 2, 1094–1096 (2019).
Mappin, B. et al. Restoration priorities to achieve the global protected area target. Conserv. Lett. 12, e12646 (2019).
Pritchard, R. & Brockington, D. Forests: regrow with locals’ participation. Nature 569, 630 (2019).
Potapov, P., Laestadius, L. & Minnemeyer, S. Global map of forest landscape restoration opportunities. World Resources Institute https://www.wri.org/applications/maps/flr-atlas/#&init=y (2011).
Oldekop, J. A., Holmes, G., Harris, W. E. & Evans, K. L. A global assessment of the social and conservation outcomes of protected areas. Conserv. Biol. 30, 133–141 (2016).
Agrawal, A. & Redford, K. Conservation and displacement: an overview. Conservat. Soc. 7, 1–10 (2009).
Chazdon, R. L. Protecting intact forests requires holistic approaches. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2, 915 (2018).
IPCC Climate Change 2014: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability (eds Field, C. B. et al.) (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2014).
Loft, L. et al. Risks to REDD+: potential pitfalls for policy design and implementation. Environ. Conserv. 44, 44–55 (2017).
Brancalion, P. H. S. & Chazdon, R. L. Beyond hectares: four principles to guide reforestation in the context of tropical forest and landscape restoration. Restor. Ecol. 25, 491–496 (2017).
Mansourian, S. in Forest Restoration in Landscapes: Beyond Planting Trees (eds Mansourian, S., Vallauri, D. & Dudley, N.) 8–13 (Springer, 2005).
Sabogal, C., Besacier, C. & McGuire, D. Forest and landscape restoration: concepts, approaches and challenges for implementation. Unasylva 66, 3–10 (2015).
Stanturf, J. A. et al. Implementing forest landscape restoration under the Bonn Challenge: a systematic approach. Ann. For. Sci. 76, 50 (2019).
Sayer, J. et al. Ten principles for a landscape approach to reconciling agriculture, conservation, and other competing land uses. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 110, 8349–8356 (2013).
S, Mansourian. In the eye of the beholder: reconciling interpretations of forest landscape restoration. Land. Degrad. Dev. 29, 2888–2898 (2018).
Fagan, M. E., Reid, J. L., Holland, M. B., Drew, J. G. & Zahawi, R. A. How feasible are global forest restoration commitments? Conserv. Lett. 13, e12700 (2020).
Mansourian, S., Stanturf, J. A., Derkyi, M. A. A. & Engel, V. L. Forest landscape restoration: increasing the positive impacts of forest restoration or simply the area under tree cover? Restor. Ecol. 25, 178–183 (2017).
Mansourian, S. et al. Putting the pieces together: integration for forest landscape restoration implementation. Land. Degrad. Dev. 31, 419–429 (2020).
Erbaugh, J. T. & Oldekop, J. A. Forest landscape restoration for livelihoods and well-being. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain. 32, 76–83 (2018).
Mansourian, S. & Parrotta, J. Forest landscape restoration: integrated approaches to support effective implementation (Routledge, 2018).
Adams, C., Rodrigues, S. T., Calmon, M. & Kumar, C. Impacts of large-scale forest restoration on socioeconomic status and local livelihoods: what we know and do not know. Biotropica 48, 731–744 (2016).
Fox, H. & Cundill, G. Towards increased community-engaged ecological restoration: a review of current practice and future directions. Ecol. Restor. 36, 208–218 (2018).
Persha, L., Agrawal, A. & Chhatre, A. Social and ecological synergy: local rulemaking, forest livelihoods, and biodiversity conservation. Science 331, 1606–1608 (2011).
Brooks, J. S., Waylen, K. A. & Mulder, M. B. How national context, project design, and local community characteristics influence success in community-based conservation projects. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 109, 21265–21270 (2012).
Boedhihartono, A. K. & Sayer, J. in Forest Landscape Restoration Vol. 15 (eds Stanturf, J. et al.) 309–323 (Springer, 2012).
Chazdon, R. L. et al. A policy-driven knowledge agenda for global forest and landscape restoration. Conserv. Lett. 10, 125–132 (2017).
Bennett, M. M. & Smith, L. C. Advances in using multitemporal night-time lights satellite imagery to detect, estimate, and monitor socioeconomic dynamics. Remote Sens. Environ. 192, 176–197 (2017).
Proville, J., Zavala-Araiza, D. & Wagner, G. Night-time lights: a global, long term look at links to socio-economic trends. PLoS ONE 12, e0174610 (2017).
Kyba, C. C. M. et al. Artificially lit surface of Earth at night increasing in radiance and extent. Sci. Adv. 3, e1701528 (2017).
Soares-Filho, B. S. et al. Modelling conservation in the Amazon basin. Nature 440, 520–523 (2006).
Oldekop, J. A., Sims, K. R. E., Karna, B. K., Whittingham, M. J. & Agrawal, A. Reductions in deforestation and poverty from decentralized forest management in Nepal. Nat. Sustain. 2, 421–428 (2019).
At a Crossroads. Trends in Recognition of Community-Based Forest Tenure from 2002–2017 (Rights and Resources Initiative, 2018).
Jones, K. R. et al. One-third of global protected land is under intense human pressure. Science 360, 788–791 (2018).
Hansen, M. C. et al. High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change. Science 342, 850–853 (2013).
Veldman, J. W. et al. Where tree planting and forest expansion are bad for biodiversity and ecosystem services. Bioscience 65, 1011–1018 (2015).
Veldman, J. W. et al. Toward an old-growth concept for grasslands, savannas, and woodlands. Front. Ecol. Environ. 13, 154–162 (2015).
Gridded Population of the World, version 4 (GPWv4): Population Count Adjusted to Match 2015 Revision of UN WPP Country Totals, Revision 11 (CIESIN, 2018).
Version 1 VIIRS Day/Night Band Nighttime Lights (NOAA, 2019).
World Development Indicators (The World Bank, 2019).
Schlager, E. & Ostrom, E. Property-rights regimes and natural resources: a conceptual analysis. Land Econ. 68, 249–262 (1992).
Sikor, T., He, J. U. N. & Lestrelin, G. Property rights regimes and natural resources: a conceptual analysis revisited. World Dev. 93, 337–349 (2017).
Who Owns the World’s Land? A Global Baseline of Formally Recognized Indigenous and Community Land Rights (Rights and Resources Initiative, 2015).
Source: Ecology - nature.com
