Braha, D. & Bar-Yam, Y. Topology of large-scale engineering problem-solving networks. Phys. Rev. E 69, 016113 (2004).
Braha, D. & Bar-Yam, Y. The statistical mechanics of complex product development: Empirical and analytical results. Manag. Sci. 53, 1127–1145 (2007).
Simon, H. The sciences of the Artificial 3rd edn. (MIT Press, Cambridge, 1996).
Braha, D. & Maimon, O. A Mathematical Theory of Design: Foundations. Algorithms and Applications (Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1998).
Yassine, A. & Braha, D. Complex concurrent engineering and the design structure matrix method. Concurr. Eng. 11, 165–176 (2003).
Lazer, D. & Friedman, A. The network structure of exploration and exploitation. Adm. Sci. Q. 52, 667–694 (2007).
March, J. G. Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organ Sci. 2, 71–87 (1991).
Berger-Tal, O., Nathan, J., Meron, E. & Saltz, D. The exploration-exploitation dilemma: a multidisciplinary framework. PLoS ONE 9, 4 (2014).
Schumpeter, J. A. The Theory of Economic Development (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1934).
Sutton, R. S. & Barto, A. G. Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction (MIT Press, Cambridge, 1998).
Azoulay-Schwartz, R., Kraus, S. & Wilkenfeld, J. Exploitation vs exploration: Choosing a supplier in an environment of incomplete information. Decis Support Syst. 38, 1–18 (2004).
Daw, N. D., O’Doherty, J. P., Dayan, P., Seymour, B. & Dolan, R. J. Cortical substrates for exploratory decisions in humans. Nature 441, 876–879 (2006).
Eliassen, S., Jorgensen, C., Mangel, M. & Giske, J. Exploration or exploitation: Life expectancy changes the value of learning in foraging strategies. Oikos 116, 513–523 (2007).
Uotila, J., Maula, M., Keil, T. & Zahra, S. A. Exploration, exploitation, and financial performance: Analysis of S&P 500 corporations. Strat. Mgmt. J. 30, 221–231 (2009).
Molina-Castillo, F. J., Jimenez-Jimenez, D. & Munuera-Aleman, J. L. Product competence exploitation and exploration strategies: The impact on new product performance through quality and innovativeness. Ind. Market Manag. 40, 1172–1182 (2011).
Cohen, J. D., McClure, S. M. & Yu, A. J. Should I stay or should I go? How the human brain manages the trade-off between exploitation and exploration. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B. 362, 933–942 (2007).
Berger-Tal, O. & Avgar, T. The glass is half full: Overestimating the quality of a novel environment is advantageous. PLoS ONE 7, e34578 (2012).
Shore, J., Bernstein, E. & Lazer, D. Facts and figuring: An experimental investigation of network structure and performance in information and solution spaces. Organ. Sci. 26, 1432–1446 (2015).
Subrahmanian, E. et al. Equations aren’t enough: Informal modeling in design. AI EDAM. 7, 257–274 (1993).
Axelrod, R. & Hamilton, W. D. The evolution of cooperation. Science 211, 1390–1396 (1981).
Banerjee, J., Layek, R. K., Sasmal, S. K. & Ghosh, D. Delayed evolutionary model for public goods competition with policing in phenotypically variant bacterial biofilms. Europhys. Lett. 126, 18002 (2019).
Szabó, G. & Fath, G. Evolutionary games on graphs. Phys. Rep. 446, 97–216 (2007).
Nag Chowdhury, S., Kundu, S., Duh, M., Perc, M. & Ghosh, D. Cooperation on interdependent networks by means of migration and stochastic imitation. Entropy. 22, 485 (2020).
Axelrod, R. The complexity of cooperation: Agent-based models of competition and collaboration (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1997).
Steward, D. V. The design structure system: A method for managing the design of complex systems. IEEE Trans. Eng. Manage. 3, 71–74 (1981).
Eppinger, S. D., Whitney, D. E., Smith, R. P. & Gebala, D. A. A model-based method for organizing tasks in product development. Res. Eng. Design 6, 1–13 (1994).
Browning, T. R. Applying the design structure matrix to system decomposition and integration problems: A review and new directions. IEEE Trans. Eng. Manag. 48, 292–306 (2001).
Eppinger, S. D. & Browning, T. R. Design structure Matrix Methods and Applications (MIT press, Cambridge, 2012).
Yassine, A., Joglekar, N., Braha, D., Eppinger, S. & Whitney, D. Information hiding in product development: The design churn effect. Res. Eng. Design 14, 145–161 (2003).
Braha, D. & Bar-Yam, Y. Information flow structure in large-scale product development organizational networks. J. Inf. Technol. 19, 244–253 (2004).
Braha, D. The complexity of design networks: Structure and dynamics. In Experimental Design Research (eds Cash, P. et al.) 129–151 (Springer, Berlin, 2016).
Albert, R. & Barabási, A. L. Statistical mechanics of complex networks. Rev. Modern Phys. 74, 47–97 (2002).
Katz, N., Lazer, D., Arrow, H. & Contractor, N. The network perspective on teams. Small Group Res. 35, 307–332 (2004).
Balkundi, P. & Harrison, D. A. Ties, leaders, and time in teams: Strong inference about the effects of network structure on team viability and performance. Acad. Manag. J. 49, 49–68 (2006).
Leenders, R. T. A., Van Engelen, J. M. & Kratzer, J. Virtuality, communication, and new product team creativity: A social network perspective. J. Eng. Tech. Manag. 20, 69–92 (2003).
Oh, H., Chung, M. H. & Labianca, G. Group social capital and group effectiveness: The role of informal socializing ties. Acad. Manag. J. 47, 860–875 (2004).
Uzzi, B. & Spiro, J. Collaboration and creativity: The small world problem. Am. J. Sociol. 111, 447–504 (2005).
Sparrowe, R. T., Liden, R. C., Wayne, S. J. & Kraimer, M. L. Social networks and the performance of individuals and groups. Acad. Manag. J. 44, 316–325 (2001).
Kearns, M., Suri, S. & Montfort, N. An experimental study of the coloring problem on human subject networks. Science 313, 824–827 (2006).
McCubbins, M. D., Paturi, R. & Weller, N. Connected coordination network structure and group coordination. Am. Polit. Res. 37, 899–920 (2009).
Enemark, D., McCubbins, M. D. & Weller, N. Knowledge and networks: An experimental test of how network knowledge affects coordination. Soc. Netw. 36, 122–133 (2014).
Mason, W. A. & Watts, D. J. Collaborative learning in networks. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 109, 764–769 (2012).
Mason, W. A., Jones, A. & Goldstone, R. L. Propagation of innovations in networked groups. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 137, 422–433 (2008).
Levinthal, D. A. Adaptation on rugged landscapes. Manag. Sci. 43, 934–950 (1997).
Rivkin, J. W. & Siggelkow, N. Balancing search and stability: Interdependencies among elements of organizational design. Manag. Sci. 49, 290–312 (2003).
Milo, R. et al. Network motifs: Simple building blocks of complex networks. Science 298, 824–827 (2002).
Milo, R. et al. Superfamilies of evolved and designed networks. Science 303, 1538–1542 (2004).
Alon, U. An Introduction to Systems Biology: Design Principles of Biological Circuits (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2019).
Prill, R. J., Iglesias, P. A. & Levchenko, A. Dynamic properties of network motifs contribute to biological network organization. PLoS Biol. 3, 11 (2005).
Wasserman, S. & Faust, K. Social Network Analysis: Methods and applications (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1994).
Stone, L., Simberloff, D. & Artzy-Randrup, Y. Network motifs and their origins. PloS Comput. Biol. 15, 2 (2019).
Holland, P.W. & Leinhardt, S. The statistical analysis of local structure in social networks. National Bureau of Economic Research. No. w0044 (1974).
Pimm, S. L. Food webs (Springer, Berlin, 1982).
Stone, L. & Roberts, A. Competitive exclusion, or species aggregation?—An aid in deciding. Oecologia 91, 419–424 (1992).
Connor, E. F. & Simberloff, D. The assembly of species communities: Chance or competition?. Ecology 60, 1132–1140 (1979).
Saracco, F., Di Clemente, R., Gabrielli, A. & Squartini, T. Detecting early signs of the 2007–2008 crisis in the world trade. Sci Rep. 6, 1–11 (2016).
Saracco, F., Di Clemente, R., Gabrielli, A. & Squartini, T. Randomizing bipartite networks: The case of the world trade web. Sci Rep. 5, 1–18 (2015).
Sporns, O. & Kötter, R. Motifs in brain networks. PloS Biol. 2, 11 (2004).
Alon, U. Network motifs: Theory and experimental approaches. Nat. Rev. Genet. 8, 450–461 (2007).
May, R. M. Stability and Complexity in Model Ecosystems (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2019).
Gardner, M. R. & Ashby, W. R. Connectance of large dynamic (cybernetic) systems: Critical values for stability. Nature 228, 784–784 (1970).
Ravasz, E., Somera, A. L., Mongru, D. A., Oltvai, Z. N. & Barabási, A. L. Hierarchical organization of modularity in metabolic networks. Science 297, 1551–1555 (2002).
Bulloch, B. & Sullivan, J. Information—the key to the real estate development process. Cornell Real Estate Rev. 8, 78–87 (2010).
Scheurmann, E. & Atkinson, L. Strategy Development Process for Meat & Livestock Australia. In Design Structure Matrix Methods and Applications (eds Eppinger, S. D. & Browning, T. R.) 164–168 (MIT press, Cambridge, 2012).
Osborne, S.M. Product Development Cycle Time Characterization Through Modeling of Process Iteration. Master’s thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA. (1993).
Scheurmann, E. & Samuel, D. Bioscience Facility at University of Melbourne. In Design Structure Matrix Methods and Applications (eds Eppinger, S. D. & Browning, T. R.) 155–159 (MIT press, Cambridge, 2012).
Yassine, A., Whitney, D. & Zambito, T. Assessment of rework probabilities for design structure matrix (DSM) simulation in product development management in 13thInternational Conference on Design Theory and Methodology (ASME, 2001).
Tripathy, A. & Eppinger, S. Dover Motion Precision Systems Development Process. In Design structure matrix methods and applications (eds Eppinger, S. D. & Browning, T. R.) 192–195 (MIT press, Cambridge, 2012).
Tukey, J. W. Exploratory Data Analysis (Addison-Wesley, Boston, 1977).
Zar, J. H. Biostatistical Analysis (Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 2010).
Kleiner, B. & Graedel, T. E. Exploratory data analysis in the geophysical sciences. Rev. Geophys. 18, 699–717 (1980).
Williamson, D. F., Parker, R. A. & Kendrick, J. S. The box plot: a simple visual method to interpret data. Ann. Intern. Med. 110, 916–921 (1989).
Ray, A., Rakshit, S., Basak, G. K., Dana, S. K. & Ghosh, D. Understanding the origin of extreme events in El Niño southern oscillation. Phys. Rev. E 101, 062210 (2020).
Törnqvist, L., Vartia, P. & Vartia, Y. O. How should relative changes be measured?. Am. Stat. 39, 43–46 (1985).
Braha, D. & Bar-Yam, Y. From centrality to temporary fame: Dynamic centrality in complex networks. Complexity. 12, 59–63 (2006).
Braha, D. & Bar-Yam, Y. Time-dependent complex networks: Dynamic centrality, dynamic motifs, and cycles of social interactions. In Adaptive Networks (eds Gross, T. & Hiroki, S.) 39–50 (Springer, Berlin, 2009).
Bassok, M. & Novick, L. R. Problem Solving. In The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning (eds Holyoak, K. J. & Morrison, R. G.) 413–429 (Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012).
Nelson, R. R. & Winter, S. G. An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1982).
Becker, M. C. Organizational routines: A review of the literature. Ind. Corpor. Change. 13, 643–678 (2004).
Pentland, B. T., Hærem, T. & Hillison, D. The (n)ever-changing world: Stability and change in organizational routines. Organ. Sci. 22, 1369–1383 (2011).
Feldman, M. S. & Pentland, B. T. Reconceptualizing organizational routines as a source of flexibility and change. Adm. Sci. Q. 48, 94–118 (2003).
Source: Ecology - nature.com