in

Microplastic contamination of the drilling bivalve Hiatella arctica in Arctic rhodolith beds

  • 1.

    PlasticsEurope. Plastics the—Facts 2019: An Analysis of European Plastics Production, Demand and Waste Data (PlasticsEurope, 2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • 2.

    Eriksen, M. et al. Plastic pollution in the world’s oceans: More than 5 trillion plastic pieces weighing over 250,000 tons afloat at sea. PLoS ONE 9, e111913. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111913 (2014).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 3.

    Borrelle, S. B. et al. Predicted growth in plastic waste exceeds efforts to mitigate plastic pollution. Science 369, 1515–1518. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3656 (2020).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 4.

    Bergmann, M., Tekman, M. B. & Gutow, L. Sea change for plastic pollution. Nature 544, 297. https://doi.org/10.1038/544297a (2017).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 5.

    Imhof, H. K. et al. Spatial and temporal variation of macro-, meso- and microplastic abundance on a remote coral island of the Maldives, Indian Ocean. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 116, 340–347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.01.010 (2017).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 6.

    Obbard, R. W. Microplastics in polar regions: The role of long range transport. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sci. Health 1, 24–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coesh.2017.10.004 (2018).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 7.

    Wessel, C. C., Lockridge, G. R., Battiste, D. & Cebrian, J. Abundance and characteristics of microplastics in beach sediments: Insights into microplastic accumulation in northern Gulf of Mexico estuaries. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 109, 178–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.002 (2016).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 8.

    Woodall, L. C. et al. The deep sea is a major sink for microplastic debris. Royal Soc. Open Sci. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.140317 (2014).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 9.

    Barnes, D. K. A., Galgani, F., Thompson, R. C. & Barlaz, M. Accumulation and fragmentation of plastic debris in global environments. Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. Lond. Ser. B, Biol. Sci. 364, 1985–1998. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0205 (2009).

    CAS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 10.

    Arthur, C., Baker, J. E. & Bamford, H. A. Proceedings of the International Research Workshop on the Occurrence, Effects, and Fate of Microplastic Marine Debris, September 9–11, 2008 (University of Washington Tacoma, 2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • 11.

    Hartmann, N. B. et al. Are we speaking the same language? Recommendations for a definition and categorization framework for plastic Debris. Environ. Sci. Technol. 53, 1039–1047. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b05297 (2019).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 12.

    Lusher, A. in Marine Anthropogenic Litter (eds Bergmann, M., Gutow, L. & Klages, M.) 245–307 (Springer International Publishing, 2015).

  • 13.

    Cole, M., Lindeque, P., Halsband, C. & Galloway, T. S. Microplastics as contaminants in the marine environment: A review. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 62, 2588–2597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025 (2011).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 14.

    Wright, S. L., Thompson, R. C. & Galloway, T. S. The physical impacts of microplastics on marine organisms: A review. Environ. Pollut. 178, 483–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.02.031 (2013).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 15.

    de Sá, L. C., Oliveira, M., Ribeiro, F., Rocha, T. L. & Futter, M. N. Studies of the effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms: What do we know and where should we focus our efforts in the future?. Sci. Total Environ. 645, 1029–1039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.207 (2018).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 16.

    Bråte, I. L. N. et al. Mytilus spp. as sentinels for monitoring microplastic pollution in Norwegian coastal waters: A qualitative and quantitative study. Environ. Pollut. 243, 383–393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.077 (2018).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 17.

    Lusher, A. L., Tirelli, V., O’Connor, I. & Officer, R. Microplastics in Arctic polar waters: The first reported values of particles in surface and sub-surface samples. Sci. Rep. 5, 14947. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14947 (2015).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 18.

    Cózar, A. et al. The Arctic Ocean as a dead end for floating plastics in the North Atlantic branch of the thermohaline circulation. Sci. Adv. 3, e1600582. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1600582 (2017).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 19.

    Kanhai, L. D. K. et al. Microplastics in sub-surface waters of the Arctic Central Basin. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 130, 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.011 (2018).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 20.

    Tekman, M. B. et al. Tying up loose ends of microplastic pollution in the Arctic: Distribution from the sea surface through the water column to deep-sea sediments at the HAUSGARTEN observatory. Environ. Sci. Technol. 54, 4079–4090. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b06981 (2020).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 21.

    Obbard, R. W. et al. Global warming releases microplastic legacy frozen in Arctic Sea ice. Earth’s Future 2, 315–320. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014EF000240 (2014).

    ADS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 22.

    Peeken, I. et al. Arctic sea ice is an important temporal sink and means of transport for microplastic. Nat. Commun. 9, 1505. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-03825-5 (2018).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 23.

    Kanhai, L. D. K., Gardfeldt, K., Krumpen, T., Thompson, R. C. & O’Connor, I. Microplastics in sea ice and seawater beneath ice floes from the Arctic Ocean. Sci. Rep. 10, 5004. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-61948-6 (2020).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 24.

    Bergmann, M. et al. White and wonderful? Microplastics prevail in snow from the Alps to the Arctic. J. Sci. Adv. 5, eaax1157. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax1157 (2019).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 25.

    Amélineau, F. et al. Microplastic pollution in the Greenland Sea: Background levels and selective contamination of planktivorous diving seabirds. Environ. Pollut. 219, 1131–1139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.09.017 (2016).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 26.

    Kühn, S. et al. Plastic ingestion by juvenile polar cod (Boreogadus saida) in the Arctic Ocean. Polar Biol. 41, 1269–1278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-018-2283-8 (2018).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 27.

    Fang, C. et al. Microplastic contamination in benthic organisms from the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions. Chemosphere 209, 298–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.101 (2018).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 28.

    Bråte, I. L. N. et al. Microplastics in Marine Bivalves from the Nordic Environment Vol. 504 (Nordic Council of Ministers, 2020).

    Book 

    Google Scholar 

  • 29.

    Misund, O. A. et al. Norwegian fisheries in the Svalbard zone since 1980. Regulations, profitability and warming waters affect landings. Polar Sci. 10, 312–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2016.02.001 (2016).

    ADS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 30.

    Jones, C. G., Lawton, J. H. & Shachak, M. Organisms as ecosystem engineers. Oikos 69, 373–386. https://doi.org/10.2307/3545850 (1994).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 31.

    Foster, M. S. Rhodoliths: Between rocks and soft places. J. Phycol. 37, 659–667 (2001).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 32.

    Fredericq, S. et al. The critical importance of rhodoliths in the life cycle completion of both macro- and microalgae, and as holobionts for the establishment and maintenance of marine biodiversity. Front. Mar. Sci. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00502 (2019).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 33.

    Krayesky-Self, S. et al. Eukaryotic life inhabits rhodolith-forming coralline algae (Hapalidiales, Rhodophyta), remarkable marine benthic microhabitats. Sci. Rep. 7, 45850. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45850 (2017).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 34.

    Kamenos, N. A., Moore, P. G., Hall-Spencer, J. & Donnan, D. Maerl: Its value as a habitat for commercial species. Shellfish News 18, 8–9 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • 35.

    Kamenos, N. A., Moore, P. G. & Hall-Spencer, J. M. Nursery-area function of maerl grounds for juvenile queen scallops Aequipecten opercularis and other invertebrates. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 274, 183–189. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps274183 (2004).

    ADS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 36.

    Gagnon, P., Matheson, K. & Stapleton, M. Variation in rhodolith morphology and biogenic potential of newly discovered rhodolith beds in Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada). Bot. Mar. 55, 85–99 (2012).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 37.

    Teichert, S. et al. Rhodolith beds (Corallinales, Rhodophyta) and their physical and biological environment at 80°31’N in Nordkappbukta (Nordaustlandet, Svalbard Archipelago, Norway). Phycologia 51, 371–390 (2012).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 38.

    Teichert, S. et al. Arctic rhodolith beds and their environmental controls. Facies 60, 15–37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-013-0372-2 (2014).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 39.

    Teichert, S. Hollow rhodoliths increase Svalbard’s shelf biodiversity. Sci. Rep. 4, 6972. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06972 (2014).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 40.

    Denisenko, S. G., Denisenko, N. V., Lehtonen, K. K., Andersin, A. B. & Laine, A. O. Macrozoobenthos of the Pechora Sea (SE Barents Sea): Community structure and spatial distribution in relation to environmental conditions. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 258, 109–123 (2003).

    ADS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 41.

    Rees, H. L. & Dare, P. J. Sources of Mortality and Associated Life-Cycle Traits of Selected Benthic Species: A Review Vol. 33, 36 (CEFAS Directorate of Fisheries Research, 1993).

    Google Scholar 

  • 42.

    Sejr, M. K. et al. Growth and production of Hiatella arctica (Bivalvia) in a high-Arctic fjord (Young Sound, Northeast Greenland). Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 244, 163–169. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps244163 (2002).

    ADS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 43.

    Witman, J. D. & Sebens, K. P. Regional variation in fish predation intensity: A historical perspective in the Gulf of Maine. Oecologia 90, 305–315. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00317686 (1992).

    ADS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 44.

    Kamenos, N. A., Moore, P. G. & Hall-Spencer, J. M. Small-scale distribution of juvenile gadoids in shallow inshore waters; what role does maerl play?. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 61, 422–429 (2004).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 45.

    Teichert, S., Voigt, N. & Wisshak, M. Do skeletal Mg/Ca ratios of Arctic rhodoliths reflect atmospheric CO2 concentrations?. Polar Biol. 43, 2059–2069. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00300-020-02767-3 (2020).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 46.

    Ragazzola, F. et al. Phenotypic plasticity of coralline algae in a High CO2 world. Ecol. Evol. 3, 3436–3446. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.723 (2013).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 47.

    Teichert, S. & Freiwald, A. Polar coralline algal CaCO3-production rates correspond to intensity and duration of the solar radiation. Biogeosciences 11, 833–842. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-833-2014 (2014).

    ADS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 48.

    Büdenbender, J., Riebesell, U. & Form, A. Calcification of the Arctic coralline red algae Lithothamnion glaciale in response to elevated CO2. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 441, 79–87 (2011).

    ADS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 49.

    Wisshak, M. et al. Habitat Characteristics and Carbonate Cycling of Macrophyte-Supported Polar Carbonate Factories (Svalbard)—Cruise No. MSM55—June 11–June 29, 2016—Reykjavik (Iceland)—Longyearbyen (Norway) 58 (Bremen, 2017).

  • 50.

    Löder, M. G. J. et al. Enzymatic purification of microplastics in environmental samples. Environ. Sci. Technol. 51, 14283–14292. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03055 (2017).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 51.

    Hufnagl, B. et al. A methodology for the fast identification and monitoring of microplastics in environmental samples using random decision forest classifiers. Anal. Methods 11, 2277–2285. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9AY00252A (2019).

    CAS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 52.

    Yanfang, L., Hua, Z. & Cheng, T. A review of possible pathways of marine microplastics transport in the ocean. Anthr. Coasts 3, 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1139/anc-2018-0030 (2020).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 53.

    Erni-Cassola, G., Zadjelovic, V., Gibson, M. I. & Christie-Oleza, J. A. Distribution of plastic polymer types in the marine environment; A meta-analysis. J. Hazard. Mater. 369, 691–698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.02.067 (2019).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 54.

    Choy, C. A. et al. The vertical distribution and biological transport of marine microplastics across the epipelagic and mesopelagic water column. Sci. Rep. 9, 7843. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44117-2 (2019).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 55.

    Kooi, M. et al. The effect of particle properties on the depth profile of buoyant plastics in the ocean. Sci. Rep. 6, 33882. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep33882 (2016).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 56.

    Vinay Kumar, B. N., Löschel, L. A., Imhof, H. K., Löder, M. G. J. & Laforsch, C. Analysis of microplastics of a broad size range in commercially important mussels by combining FTIR and Raman spectroscopy approaches. Environ. Pollut. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116147 (2020).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 57.

    Löder, M. G. J. & Gerdts, G. in Marine Anthropogenic Litter (eds Bergmann, M., Gutow, L. & Klages, M.) 201–227 (Springer International Publishing, 2015).

  • 58.

    Wisshak, M. et al. Epibenthos dynamics and environmental fluctuations in two contrasting Polar carbonate factories (Mosselbukta and Bjørnøy-Banken, Svalbard). Front. Mar. Sci. 6, 667. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00667 (2019).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 59.

    Frias, J. P. G. L., Lyashevska, O., Joyce, H., Pagter, E. & Nash, R. Floating microplastics in a coastal embayment: A multifaceted issue. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 158, 111361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111361 (2020).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 60.

    Rochman, C. M. et al. Anthropogenic debris in seafood: Plastic debris and fibers from textiles in fish and bivalves sold for human consumption. Sci. Rep. 5, 14340. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep14340 (2015).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 61.

    Digka, N., Tsangaris, C., Torre, M., Anastasopoulou, A. & Zeri, C. Microplastics in mussels and fish from the Northern Ionian Sea. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 135, 30–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.06.063 (2018).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 62.

    Santana, M. F. M., Ascer, L. G., Custódio, M. R., Moreira, F. T. & Turra, A. Microplastic contamination in natural mussel beds from a Brazilian urbanized coastal region: Rapid evaluation through bioassessment. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 106, 183–189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.02.074 (2016).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 63.

    Gomiero, A., Strafella, P., Øysæd, K. B. & Fabi, G. First occurrence and composition assessment of microplastics in native mussels collected from coastal and offshore areas of the northern and central Adriatic Sea. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 26, 24407–24416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05693-y (2019).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 64.

    Mathalon, A. & Hill, P. Microplastic fibers in the intertidal ecosystem surrounding Halifax Harbor, Nova Scotia. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 81, 69–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.02.018 (2014).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 65.

    Van Cauwenberghe, L., Claessens, M., Vandegehuchte, M. B. & Janssen, C. R. Microplastics are taken up by mussels (Mytilus edulis) and lugworms (Arenicola marina) living in natural habitats. Environ. Pollut. 199, 10–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2015.01.008 (2015).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 66.

    Li, J. et al. Using mussel as a global bioindicator of coastal microplastic pollution. Environ. Pollut. 244, 522–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.032 (2019).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 67.

    Woodall, L. C. et al. Using a forensic science approach to minimize environmental contamination and to identify microfibres in marine sediments. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 95, 40–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.04.044 (2015).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 68.

    Kowalski, N., Reichardt, A. M. & Waniek, J. J. Sinking rates of microplastics and potential implications of their alteration by physical, biological, and chemical factors. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 109, 310–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.05.064 (2016).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 69.

    Kooi, M., Nes, E. H. V., Scheffer, M. & Koelmans, A. A. Ups and downs in the ocean: Effects of biofouling on vertical transport of microplastics. Environ. Sci. Technol. 51, 7963–7971. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04702 (2017).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 70.

    Barrows, A. P. W., Cathey, S. E. & Petersen, C. W. Marine environment microfiber contamination: Global patterns and the diversity of microparticle origins. Environ. Pollut. 237, 275–284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.062 (2018).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 71.

    Halsband, C. & Herzke, D. Plastic litter in the European Arctic: What do we know?. Emerg. Contam. 5, 308–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emcon.2019.11.001 (2019).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 72.

    Bergmann, M., Lutz, B., Tekman, M. B. & Gutow, L. Citizen scientists reveal: Marine litter pollutes Arctic beaches and affects wild life. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 125, 535–540. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.09.055 (2017).

    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 73.

    von Moos, N., Burkhardt-Holm, P. & Köhler, A. Uptake and effects of microplastics on cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. after an experimental exposure. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 11327–11335. https://doi.org/10.1021/es302332w (2012).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 74.

    Kolandhasamy, P. et al. Adherence of microplastics to soft tissue of mussels: A novel way to uptake microplastics beyond ingestion. Sci. Total Environ. 610–611, 635–640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.053 (2018).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 75.

    Löder, M. G. J., Kuczera, M., Mintenig, S., Lorenz, C. & Gerdts, G. Focal plane array detector-based micro-Fourier-transform infrared imaging for the analysis of microplastics in environmental samples. J. Environ. Chem. 12, 563–581. https://doi.org/10.1071/EN14205 (2015).

    CAS 
    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 76.

    Hammer, Ø., Harper, D. A. T. & Ryan, P. D. PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis. Palaeontol. Electron. 4, 9 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  • 77.

    R Foundation for Statistical Computing. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • 78.

    Venables, W. N. & Ripley, B. D. Modern Applied Statistics with S 4th edn, 498 (Springer, 2002).

    Book 

    Google Scholar 

  • 79.

    Vegan: Community Ecology Package (2020).


  • Source: Ecology - nature.com

    Waging a two-pronged campaign against climate change

    MIT.nano receives American Institute of Architects’s Top Ten Award for sustainable design