Cody, M. L. A general theory of clutch size. Evolution 1, 174–184 (1966).
MacArthur, R. H. & Wilson, E. O. The Theory of Island Biogeography (Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2001).
Smith, C. C. & Fretwell, S. D. The optimal balance between size and number of offspring. Am. Nat. 108, 499–506 (1974).
Cassill, D. L. Extending r/K selection with a maternal risk-management model that classifies animal species into divergent natural selection categories. Sci. Rep. 9, 6111 (2019).
Cassill, D. L. & Watkins, A. The evolution of cooperative hierarchies through natural selection processes. J. Bioecon. 12, 29–42 (2010).
Cassill, D. L. Yoyo-bang: a risk-aversion investment strategy by a perennial insect society. Oecologia 132, 150–158 (2002).
Babin, P. J. Conservation of a vitellogenin gene cluster in oviparous vertebrates and identification of its traces in the platypus genome. Gene 413, 76–82 (2008).
Cockburn, A. Prevalence of different modes of parental care in birds. Proc. R. Soc. B 273, 1375–1383 (2006).
Blackburn, D. G. Convergent evolution of viviparity, matrotrophy, and specializations for fetal nutrition in reptiles and other vertebrates. Am. Zool. 32, 313–321 (1992).
Doody, J. S., Burghardt, G. M. & Dinets, V. Breaking the social: non-social dichotomy—a role for reptiles in vertebrate social behavior research?. Ethology 119, 95–103 (2013).
Doody, J. S., Dinets, V. & Burghardt, G. M. The Secret Social Lives of Reptiles (Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2021).
Joyce, W. G. A review of the fossil record of basal Mesozoic turtles. Bull. Peabody Mus. Nat. Hist. 58, 65–113 (2017).
Macdonald, F. A., Swanson-Hysell, N. L., Park, Y., Lisiecki, L. & Jagoutz, O. Arc-continent collisions in the tropics set Earth’s climate state. Science 364, 181–184 (2019).
Zelenitsky, D. K., Therrien, F., Joyce, W. G. B. & Brinkman, D. First fossil gravid turtle provides insight into the evolution of reproductive traits in turtles. Biol. Lett. 4, 715–718 (2008).
Lawver, D. R. & Jackson, F. D. A review of the fossil record of turtle reproduction: eggs, embryos, nests and copulating pairs. Bull. Peabody Mus. Nat. Hist. 55, 215–236 (2014).
Lawver, D. R. & Jackson, F. D. A fossil egg clutch from the stem turtle Meiolania platyceps: implications for the evolution of turtle reproductive biology. J. Vert. Paleon. 36, e1223685 (2016).
Lawver, D. R. & Jackson, F. D. An accumulation of turtle eggs with embryos from the Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) Judith River Formation of Montana. Cretac. Res. 69, 90–99 (2017).
Ewert, M. A., Firth, S. J. & Nelson, C. E. Normal and multiple eggshells in batagurine turtles and their implications for dinosaurs and other reptiles. Can. J. Zool. 62, 1834–1841 (1984).
Miller, J. D., Lutz, P. L. & Musick, J. A. Reproduction in sea turtles. Biol. Sea Turt. I, 51–82 (1997).
Ackerman, R. A. The nest environment and the embryonic development of sea turtles. Biol. Sea Turt. 1, 83–106 (1997).
Rees, A. F. & Margaritoulis, D. Beach temperatures, incubation durations and estimated hatchling sex ratio for loggerhead sea turtle nests in southern Kyparissia Bay Greece. Testudo 6, 23–36 (2004).
Garmestani, A. S., Percival, H. F., Portier, K. M. & Rice, K. G. Nest-site selection by the loggerhead sea turtle in Florida’s Ten Thousand Islands. J. Herpetol. 34, 504–510 (2000).
Mansfield, K. L., Wyneken, J., Porter, W. P. & Luo, J. First satellite tracks of neonate sea turtles redefine the ‘lost years’ oceanic niche. Proc. R. Soc. B 281, 20133039 (2014).
Barton, B. T. & Roth, J. D. Implications of intraguild predation for sea turtle nest protection. Biol. Conserv. 141, 2139–2145 (2008).
George, R. H. Health problems and diseases of sea turtles. Biol. Sea Turt. I, 363–385 (2017).
Aguirre, A. A. & Lutz, P. L. Marine turtles as sentinels of ecosystem health: is fibropapillomatosis an indicator?. EcoHealth 1, 275–283 (2004).
Heithaus, M. R., Wirsing, A. J., Thomson, J. A. & Burkholder, D. A. A review of lethal and non-lethal effects of predators on adult marine turtles. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 356, 43–51 (2008).
Do Sul, J. A., Santos, I. R., Friedrich, A. C., Matthiensen, A. & Fillmann, G. Plastic pollution at a sea turtle conservation area in NE Brazil: contrasting developed and undeveloped beaches. Estuar. Coasts 34, 814–823 (2011).
Wilcox, C., Puckridge, M., Schuyler, Q. A., Townsend, K. & Hardesty, B. D. A quantitative analysis linking sea turtle mortality and plastic debris ingestion. Sci. Rep. 8, 1–1 (2018).
Domènech, F., Aznar, F. J., Raga, J. A. & Tomás, J. Two decades of monitoring in marine debris ingestion in loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta, from the western Mediterranean. Environ. Pollut. 244, 367–378 (2019).
Schuyler, Q. A. et al. Risk analysis reveals global hotspots for marine debris ingestion by sea turtles. Glob. Change Biol. 22, 567–576 (2016).
Lutcavage, M. E., Plotkin, P., Witherington, B., Lutz, P. L. & Musick, J. A. Human impacts on sea turtle survival. Biol. Sea Turt. I, 387–409 (1997).
Schroeder, B. A. Nesting patterns, reproductive migrations, and adult foraging areas of loggerhead turtles. Logger Sea Turtl. 40, 114–124 (2003).
Zbinden, J. A., Largiadèr, C. R., Leippert, F., Margaritoulis, D. & Arlettaz, R. High frequency of multiple paternity in the largest rookery of Mediterranean loggerhead sea turtles. Mol. Ecol. 16, 3703–3711 (2007).
Hays, G. C., Fossette, S., Katselidis, K. A., Schofield, G. & Gravenor, M. B. Breeding periodicity for male sea turtles, operational sex ratios, and implications in the face of climate change. Conserv. Biol. 24, 1636–1643 (2010).
Hays, G. C., Mazaris, A. D. & Schofield, G. Different male/female breeding periodicity helps mitigate offspring sex ratio skews in sea turtles. Front. Mar. Sci. 19(1), 43 (2014).
Schofield, G. et al. Biodiversity research: fidelity to foraging sites, consistency of migration routes and habitat modulation of home range by sea turtles. Divers. Distrib. 5, 840–853 (2010).
Wood, J. R. & Wood, F. E. Reproductive biology of captive green sea turtles Chelonia mydas. Am. Zool. 20, 499–505 (1980).
Soares, L. S. et al. Effects of hybridization on sea turtle fitness. Conserv. Genet. 19, 1311–1322 (2018).
Wood, F. G. Mating behavior of captive loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta. Copeia 1953, 184–186 (1953).
Manire, C. A., Byrd, L., Therrien, C. L. & Martin, K. Mating-induced ovulation in loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta. Zoo Biol. 27, 213–225 (2008).
Lohmann, K. & Lohmann, C. Acquisition of magnetic directional preference in hatchling loggerhead sea turtles. J. Exp. Biol. 190, 1–8 (1994).
Lohmann, K. J., Hester, J. T. & Lohmann, C. M. Long-distance navigation in sea turtles. Ethol. Ecol. Evol. 11, 1–23 (1999).
Light, P. H., Salmon, M. I. & Lohmann, K. J. Geomagnetic orientation of loggerhead sea turtles: evidence for an inclination compass. J. Exp. Biol. 182, 1–10 (1993).
Frick, M. G., Williams, K. L., Bolten, A. B., Bjorndal, K. A. & Martins, H. R. Foraging ecology of oceanic-stage loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta. Endanger Sp Res. 9, 91–97 (2009).
Pritchard, P. C. H., Lutz, P. L. & Musick, J. A. Evolution, phylogeny and current status. Biol. Sea Turt. I, 1–28 (1997).
Wyneken, J. Sea turtle locomotion: mechanisms behavior. Biol. Sea Turt. I, 165–198 (1997).
Miller, J. D., Limpus, C. J., & Godfrey, M. H. Nest-site selection, oviposition, eggs, development, hatching, and emergence of loggerhead turtles. Logger. Sea Turtle. 12, 51–81 (2003).
Tucker, A. D. Nest-site fidelity and clutch frequency of loggerhead turtles are better elucidated by satellite telemetry than by nocturnal tagging efforts: implications for stock estimation. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 383, 48–55 (2010).
Addison, D. S. Caretta caretta (Loggerhead sea turtle) nesting frequency. Herp. Rev. 27, 76 (1996).
Ross, J. P. Hurricane effects on nesting Caretta caretta. Mar. Turt. News 108, 13–14 (2005).
Kraemer, J. E. & Bell, R. Rain-induced mortality of eggs and hatchlings of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) on the Georgia coast. Herpetology 36, 72–77 (1980).
Van Houtan, K. S. & Bass, O. L. Stormy oceans are associated with declines in sea turtle hatching. Curr. Biol. 17, R590–R591 (2007).
Matsuzawa, Y., Sato, K., Sakamoto, W. & Bjorndal, K. Seasonal fluctuations in sand temperature: effects on the incubation period and mortality of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) pre-emergent hatchlings in Minabe Japan. Mar. Biol. 40, 639–646 (2002).
Stancyk, S. E., Talbert, O. R. & Dean, J. M. Nesting activity of the loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta in South Carolina, II. Protection of nests from raccoon predation by transplantation. Biol. Conserv. 18, 289–298 (1980).
Moulis, R. A. Predation by the imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) on loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) nests on Wassaw National Wildlife Refuge Georgia. Chelon. Conserv. Biol. 2, 433–436 (1997).
Drennen, D., Cooley, D. & Devore, J. E. Armadillo predation on loggerhead turtle eggs at two national wildlife refuges in Florida, USA. Mar. Turt. News 45, 7–8 (1989).
Allen, C. R., Forys, E. A., Rice, K. G. & Wojcik, D. P. Effects of fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on hatching turtles and prevalence of fire ants on sea turtle nesting beaches in Flor. Entomology 84, 250–253 (2001).
Donlan, E. M., Townsend, J. H. & Golden, E. A. Predation of Caretta caretta (Testudines: Cheloniidae) eggs by larvae of Lanelater sallei (Coleoptera: Elateridae) on Key Biscayne Florida. Carib. J. Sci. 40, 415–420 (2004).
Stewart, K. R. & Wyneken, J. Predation risk to loggerhead hatchlings at a high-density nesting beach in Southeast Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 74, 325–335 (2004).
Milton, S. L., Leone-Kabler, S., Schulman, A. A. & Lutz, P. L. Effects of Hurricane Andrew on the sea turtle nesting beaches of South Florida. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54, 974–981 (1994).
Lasala, J. A., Harrison, J. S., Williams, K. L. & Rostal, D. C. Strong male-biased operational sex ratio in a breeding population of loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) inferred by paternal genotype reconstruction analysis. Ecol. Evol. 3, 4736–4747 (2013).
Moore, M. K. & Ball, R. M. Jr. Multiple paternity in loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) nests on Melbourne Beach, Florida: a microsatellite analysis. Mol. Ecol. 11, 281–288 (2002).
Marco, A., Abella, E., Martins, S., López, O. & Patino-Martinez, J. Female nesting behaviour affects hatchling survival and sex ratio in the loggerhead sea turtle: implications for conservation programmes. Ethol. Ecol. Evol. 30, 141–155 (2018).
Foley, A. M., Peck, S. A. & Harman, G. R. Effects of sand characteristics and inundation on the hatching success per clutch of loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) clutches on low-relief mangrove islands in southwest Florida. Chelon. Conserv. Biol. 5, 32–41 (2006).
McGehee, M. A. Effects of moisture on eggs and hatchlings of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Herpetology 46, 251–258 (1990).
Hatase, H. & Tsukamoto, K. Smaller longer, larger shorter: energy budget calculations explain intrapopulation variation in remigration intervals for loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). Can. J. Zool. 86, 595–600 (2008).
Hays, G. C. The implications of variable remigration intervals for the assessment of population size in marine turtles. J. Theor. Biol. 206, 221–227 (2000).
National Weather Service Forecast Office Tallahassee, Florida. Tallahassee, FL (weather.gov).
Margaritoulis, D. Nesting activity and reproductive output of loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, over 19 seasons (1984–2002) at Laganas Bay, Zakynthos, Greece: the largest rookery in the Mediterranean. Chelon. Conserv. Biol. 4, 916–929 (2005).
Spotila, J. R. Sea Turtles: A Complete Guide to Their Biology, Behavior, and Conservation (JHU Press, Baltimore, 2004).
Pike, D. A. Forecasting range expansion into ecological traps: climate-mediated shifts in sea turtle nesting beaches and human development. Glob. Change Biol. 10, 3082–3092 (2013).
Hamann, M., Fuentes, M. M., Ban, N. C. & Mocellin, V. J. Climate change and marine turtles. Biol. Sea Turt. 51, 353 (2013).
Sydeman, W. J., Poloczanska, E., Reed, T. E. & Thompson, S. A. Climate change and marine vertebrates. Science 350, 772–777 (2015).
Van Houtan, K. S. & Halley, J. M. Long-term climate forcing in loggerhead sea turtle nesting. PLoS ONE 6, e19043 (2011).
Garcıía, A., Ceballos, G. & Adaya, R. Intensive beach management as an improved sea turtle conservation strategy in Mexico. Biol. Conserv. 111, 253–261 (2003).
Dellert, L. J., O’Neil, D. & Cassill, D. L. Effects of beach renourishment and clutch relocation on the success of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta) eggs and hatchlings. J. Herpetol. 48, 186–187 (2014).
Source: Ecology - nature.com
