in

Pleistocene allopatric differentiation followed by recent range expansion explains the distribution and molecular diversity of two congeneric crustacean species in the Palaearctic

  • 1.

    Paillard, D. The timing of Pleistocene glaciations from a simple multiple-state climate model. Nature 391, 378–381 (1998).

    ADS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 2.

    Hewitt, G. M. Genetic consequences of climatic oscillations in the Quaternary. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. B Biol. Sci. 359, 183–195 (2004).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 3.

    Hewitt, G. The genetic legacy of the quaternary ice ages. Nature 405, 907–913 (2000).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 4.

    Taberlet, P., Fumagalli, L., Wust-Saucy, A.-G. & Cosson, J.-F. Comparative phylogeography and postglacial colonization routes in Europe. Mol. Ecol. 7, 453–464 (1998).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 5.

    Incagnone, G., Marrone, F., Barone, R., Robba, L. & Naselli-Flores, L. How do freshwater organisms cross the ‘dry ocean’? A review on passive dispersal and colonization processes with a special focus on temporary ponds. Hydrobiologia 750, 103–123 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • 6.

    Schmitt, T. & Varga, Z. Extra-Mediterranean refugia: The rule and not the exception?. Front Zool 9, 22 (2012).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 7.

    Hewitt, G. M. Speciation, hybrid zones and phylogeography—Or seeing genes in space and time. Mol. Ecol. 10, 537–549 (2001).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 8.

    Habel, J. C., Drees, C., Schmitt, T. & Assmann, T. Review refugial areas and postglacial colonizations in the Western Palearctic. In Relict Species (eds Habel, J. C. & Assmann, T.) 189–197 (Springer, 2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • 9.

    Hewitt, G. Some genetic consequences of ice ages, and their role in divergence and speciation. Biol. J. Lin. Soc. 58, 247–276 (1996).

    Google Scholar 

  • 10.

    Marrone, F., Lo Brutto, S. & Arculeo, M. Molecular evidence for the presence of cryptic evolutionary lineages in the freshwater copepod genus Hemidiaptomus G.O. Sars, 1903 (Calanoida, Diaptomidae). Hydrobiologia 644, 115–125 (2010).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 11.

    Husemann, M., Schmitt, T., Zachos, F. E., Ulrich, W. & Habel, J. C. Palaearctic biogeography revisited: Evidence for the existence of a North African refugium for Western Palaearctic biota. J. Biogeogr. 41, 81–94 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • 12.

    García-Vázquez, D., Bilton, D. T., Foster, G. N. & Ribera, I. Pleistocene range shifts, refugia and the origin of widespread species in western Palaearctic water beetles. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 114, 122–136 (2017).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 13.

    Perktas, U., Barrowclough, G. F. & Groth, J. G. Phylogeography and species limits in the green woodpecker complex (Aves: Picidae): Multiple Pleistocene refugia and range expansion across Europe and the Near East. Biol. J. Lin. Soc. 104, 710–723 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • 14.

    Stewart, J. R. & Lister, A. M. Cryptic northern refugia and the origins of the modern biota. Trends Ecol. Evol. 16, 608–613 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  • 15.

    Stewart, J. R., Lister, A. M., Barnes, I. & Dalén, L. Refugia revisited: Individualistic responses of species in space and time. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 277, 661–671 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • 16.

    Sworobowicz, L., Mamos, T., Grabowski, M. & Wysocka, A. Lasting through the ice age: The role of the proglacial refugia in the maintenance of genetic diversity, population growth, and high dispersal rate in a widespread freshwater crustacean. Freshw. Biol. 65, 1028–1046 (2020).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 17.

    Provan, J. & Bennett, K. D. Phylogeographic insights into cryptic glacial refugia. Trends Ecol. Evol. 23, 564–571 (2008).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 18.

    Antal, L. et al. Phylogenetic evidence for a new species of Barbus in the Danube River basin. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 96, 187–194 (2016).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 19.

    Copilaş-Ciocianu, D., Fišer, C., Borza, P. & Petrusek, A. Is subterranean lifestyle reversible? Independent and recent large-scale dispersal into surface waters by two species of the groundwater amphipod genus Niphargus. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 119, 37–49 (2018).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 20.

    Říčanová, Š et al. Multilocus phylogeography of the European ground squirrel: Cryptic interglacial refugia of continental climate in Europe. Mol. Ecol. 22, 4256–4269 (2013).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 21.

    Vörös, J., Mikulíček, P., Major, Á., Recuero, E. & Arntzen, J. W. Phylogeographic analysis reveals northerly refugia for the riverine amphibian Triturus dobrogicus (Caudata: Salamandridae). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 119, 974–991 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • 22.

    Wielstra, B. et al. Tracing glacial refugia of Triturus newts based on mitochondrial DNA phylogeography and species distribution modeling. Front. Zool. 10, 13 (2013).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 23.

    Hutchison, D. W. & Templeton, A. R. Correlation of pairwise genetic and geographic distance measures: Inferring the relative influences of gene flow and drift on the distribution of genetic variability. Evolution 53, 1898–1914 (1999).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 24.

    Schmitt, T. Molecular biogeography of Europe: Pleistocene cycles and postglacial trends. Front. Zool. 4, 11 (2007).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 25.

    Ewart, K. M. et al. Phylogeography of the iconic Australian red-tailed black-cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii) and implications for its conservation. Heredity 125, 85–100 (2020).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 26.

    Hutama, A. et al. Identifying spatially concordant evolutionary significant units across multiple species through DNA barcodes: Application to the conservation genetics of the freshwater fishes of Java and Bali. Glob. Ecol. Conserv. 12, 170–187 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • 27.

    Médail, F. & Baumel, A. Using phylogeography to define conservation priorities: The case of narrow endemic plants in the Mediterranean Basin hotspot. Biol. Cons. 224, 258–266 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • 28.

    Previšić, A., Walton, C., Kučinić, M., Mitrikeski, P. T. & Kerovec, M. Pleistocene divergence of Dinaric Drusus endemics (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae) in multiple microrefugia within the Balkan Peninsula. Mol. Ecol. 18, 634–647 (2009).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 29.

    Brendonck, L. & Riddoch, B. J. Wind-borne short-range egg dispersal in anostracans (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 67, 87–95 (1999).

    Google Scholar 

  • 30.

    Horváth, Z., Vad, C. F. & Ptacnik, R. Wind dispersal results in a gradient of dispersal limitation and environmental match among discrete aquatic habitats. Ecography 39, 726–732 (2016).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 31.

    Brochet, A. L. et al. Field evidence of dispersal of branchiopods, ostracods and bryozoans by teal (Anas crecca) in the Camargue (southern France). Hydrobiologia 637, 255 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • 32.

    Figuerola, J. & Green, A. J. Dispersal of aquatic organisms by waterbirds: A review of past research and priorities for future studies. Freshw. Biol. 47, 483–494 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  • 33.

    Vanschoenwinkel, B. et al. Dispersal of freshwater invertebrates by large terrestrial mammals: A case study with wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Mediterranean wetlands. Freshw. Biol. 53, 2264–2273 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • 34.

    Brendonck, L., Rogers, D. C., Olesen, J., Weeks, S. & Hoeh, W. R. Global diversity of large branchiopods (Crustacea : Branchiopoda) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595, 167–176 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • 35.

    Dumont, H. J. & Negrea, S. V. Introduction to the Class Branchiopoda. (Backhuys Publishers, 2002).

  • 36.

    Belk, D. Global status and trends in ephemeral pool invertebrate conservation: Implications for Californian fairy shrimp. In Ecology, Conservation, and Management of Vernal Pool Ecosystems—Proceedings from a 1996 conference 147–150 (California Native Plant Society, 1998).

  • 37.

    Jocque, M., Vanschoenwinkel, B. & Brendonck, L. Anostracan monopolisation of early successional phases in temporary waters?. Fundam. Appl. Limnol. 176, 127–132 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • 38.

    Lukić, D., Horváth, Z., Vad, C. F. & Ptacnik, R. Food spectrum of Branchinecta orientalis—Are anostracans omnivorous top consumers of plankton in temporary waters?. J. Plankton Res. 40, 436–445 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • 39.

    Lukić, D., Ptacnik, R., Vad, C. F., Pόda, C. & Horváth, Z. Environmental constraint of intraguild predation: Inorganic turbidity modulates omnivory in fairy shrimps. Freshw. Biol. 65, 226–239 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • 40.

    Waterkeyn, A., Grillas, P., Anton-Pardo, M., Vanschoenwinkel, B. & Brendonck, L. Can large branchiopods shape microcrustacean communities in Mediterranean temporary wetlands?. Mar. Freshw. Res. 62, 46–53 (2011).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 41.

    Brendonck, L. & De Meester, L. Egg banks in freshwater zooplankton: Evolutionary and ecological archives in the sediment. Hydrobiologia 491, 65–84 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  • 42.

    Hairston, N. G., Brunt, R. A. V., Kearns, C. M. & Engstrom, D. R. Age and survivorship of diapausing eggs in a sediment egg bank. Ecology 76, 1706–1711 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • 43.

    Lukić, D. et al. High genetic variation and phylogeographic relations among Palearctic fairy shrimp populations reflect persistence in multiple southern refugia during Pleistocene ice ages and postglacial colonisation. Freshw. Biol. 64, 1896–1907 (2019).

    Google Scholar 

  • 44.

    Marrone, F., Alfonso, G., Naselli-Flores, L. & Stoch, F. Diversity patterns and biogeography of Diaptomidae (Copepoda, Calanoida) in the Western Palearctic. Hydrobiologia 800, 45–60 (2017).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 45.

    Vanschoenwinkel, B. et al. Toward a global phylogeny of the “living fossil’’ crustacean order of the Notostraca. PLos ONE 7, e34998 (2012).

  • 46.

    Boileau, M. & Hebert, P. Genetic consequences of passive dispersal in pond-dwelling Copepods. Evolution 45, 721–733 (1991).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 47.

    Deng, Z., Chen, Y., Ma, X., Hu, W. & Yin, M. Dancing on the top: Phylogeography and genetic diversity of high-altitude freshwater fairy shrimps (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) with a focus on the Tibetan Plateau. Hydrobiologia 848, 2611–2626 (2021).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 48.

    Ketmaier, V. et al. Mitochondrial DNA regionalism and historical demography in the extant populations of Chirocephalus kerkyrensis (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). PLoS ONE 7, e30082 (2012).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 49.

    Korn, M. et al. Phylogeny, molecular ecology and taxonomy of southern Iberian lineages of Triops mauritanicus (Crustacea: Notostraca). Org. Divers. Evol. 10, 409–440 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • 50.

    Stoch, F., Korn, M., Turki, S., Naselli-Flores, L. & Marrone, F. The role of spatial environmental factors as determinants of large branchiopod distribution in Tunisian temporary ponds. Hydrobiologia 782, 37–51 (2016).

    Google Scholar 

  • 51.

    Lindholm, M., d’Auriac, M. A., Thaulow, J. & Hobaek, A. Dancing around the pole: Holarctic phylogeography of the Arctic fairy shrimp Branchinecta paludosa (Anostraca, Branchiopoda). Hydrobiologia 772, 189–205 (2016).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 52.

    Vörös, J., Alcobendas, M., Martínez-Solano, I. & García-París, M. Evolution of Bombina bombina and Bombina variegata (Anura: Discoglossidae) in the Carpathian Basin: A history of repeated mt-DNA introgression across species. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 38, 705–718 (2006).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 53.

    Zharov, A. A. et al. Pleistocene branchiopods (Cladocera, Anostraca) from Transbaikalian Siberia demonstrate morphological and ecological stasis. Water 12, 3063 (2020).

    Google Scholar 

  • 54.

    Velonà, A., Luchetti, A., Scanabissi, F. & Mantovani, B. Genetic variability and reproductive modalities in European populations of Triops cancriformis (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Notostraca). Ital. J. Zool. 76, 366–375 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • 55.

    Vanschoenwinkel, B., Gielen, S., Vandewaerde, H., Seaman, M. & Brendonck, L. Relative importance of different dispersal vectors for small aquatic invertebrates in a rock pool metacommunity. Ecography 31, 567–577 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • 56.

    Hulsmans, A., Moreau, K., Meester, L. D., Riddoch, B. J. & Brendonck, L. Direct and indirect measures of dispersal in the fairy shrimp Branchipodopsis wolfi indicate a small scale isolation-by-distance pattern. Limnol. Oceanogr. 52, 676–684 (2007).

    ADS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 57.

    Vanschoenwinkel, B., Vries, C. D., Seaman, M. & Brendonck, L. The role of metacommunity processes in shaping invertebrate rock pool communities along a dispersal gradient. Oikos 116, 1255–1266 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • 58.

    Sánchez, M. I., Green, A. J., Amat, F. & Castellanos, E. M. Transport of brine shrimps via the digestive system of migratory waders: Dispersal probabilities depend on diet and season. Mar. Biol. 151, 1407–1415 (2007).

    Google Scholar 

  • 59.

    Horváth, Z. et al. Eastern spread of the invasive Artemia franciscana in the Mediterranean Basin, with the first record from the Balkan Peninsula. Hydrobiologia 822, 229–235 (2018).

    Google Scholar 

  • 60.

    Muñoz, J., Amat, F., Green, A. J., Figuerola, J. & Gómez, A. Bird migratory flyways influence the phylogeography of the invasive brine shrimp Artemia franciscana in its native American range. PeerJ 1, e200 (2013).

    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 61.

    Muñoz, J. et al. Phylogeography and local endemism of the native Mediterranean brine shrimp Artemia salina (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). Mol. Ecol. 17, 3160–3177 (2008).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 62.

    Sánchez, M. I., Hortas, F., Figuerola, J. & Green, A. J. Comparing the potential for dispersal via waterbirds of a native and an invasive brine shrimp. Freshw. Biol. 57, 1896–1903 (2012).

    Google Scholar 

  • 63.

    Viana, D. S., Santamaría, L., Michot, T. C. & Figuerola, J. Migratory strategies of waterbirds shape the continental-scale dispersal of aquatic organisms. Ecography 36, 430–438 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • 64.

    Green, A. J. et al. Dispersal of invasive and native brine shrimps Artemia (Anostraca) via waterbirds. Limnol. Oceanogr. 50, 737–742 (2005).

    ADS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 65.

    Kappas, I. et al. Molecular and morphological data suggest weak phylogeographic structure in the fairy shrimp Streptocephalus torvicornis (Branchiopoda, Anostraca). Hydrobiologia 801, 21–32 (2017).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 66.

    Rogers, D. C. Larger hatching fractions in avian dispersed anostracan eggs (Branchiopoda). J. Crustac. Biol. 34, 135–143 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • 67.

    Angeler, D. G., Viedma, O., Sánchez-Carrillo, S. & Alvarez-Cobelas, M. Conservation issues of temporary wetland Branchiopoda (Anostraca, Notostraca: Crustacea) in a semiarid agricultural landscape: What spatial scales are relevant?. Biol. Cons. 141, 1224–1234 (2008).

    Google Scholar 

  • 68.

    Horváth, Z., Vad, C. F., Vörös, L. & Boros, E. Distribution and conservation status of fairy shrimps (Crustacea: Anostraca) in the astatic soda pans of the Carpathian basin: the role of local and spatial factors. J. Limnol. 72, 103–116 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • 69.

    Svensson, L., Mullarney, K. & Zetterström, D. Collins Bird Guide 2nd edn. (HarperCollins Publishers Ltd., 2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • 70.

    Horváth, Z., Vad, C. F., Vörös, L. & Boros, E. The keystone role of anostracans and copepods in European soda pans during the spring migration of waterbirds. Freshw. Biol. 58, 430–440 (2013).

    Google Scholar 

  • 71.

    Gill, J. L. Ecological impacts of the late Quaternary megaherbivore extinctions. New Phytol. 201, 1163–1169 (2014).

    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 72.

    Neretina, A. N. et al. Crustacean remains from the Yuka mammoth raise questions about non-analogue freshwater communities in the Beringian region during the Pleistocene. Sci. Rep. 10, 859 (2020).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 73.

    Chang, D. et al. The evolutionary and phylogeographic history of woolly mammoths: A comprehensive mitogenomic analysis. Sci. Rep. 7, 44585 (2017).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 74.

    Lister, A. M., Sher, A. V., van Essen, H. & Wei, G. The pattern and process of mammoth evolution in Eurasia. Quatern. Int. 126–128, 49–64 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  • 75.

    Vanschoenwinkel, B. et al. Passive external transport of freshwater invertebrates by elephant and other mud-wallowing mammals in an African savannah habitat. Freshw. Biol. 56, 1606–1619 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • 76.

    Waterkeyn, A., Pineau, O., Grillas, P. & Brendonck, L. Invertebrate dispersal by aquatic mammals: A case study with nutria Myocastor coypus (Rodentia, Mammalia) in Southern France. Hydrobiologia 654, 267–271 (2010).

    Google Scholar 

  • 77.

    Belk, D. & Brtek, J. Checklist of the Anostraca. Hydrobiologia 298, 315–353 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • 78.

    Marrone, F., Korn, M., Stoch, F., Naselli Flores, L. & Turki, S. Updated checklist and distribution of large branchiopods (Branchiopoda: Anostraca, Notostraca, Spinicaudata) in Tunisia. Biogeogr. J. Integr. Biogeogr. 31, 27–53 (2016).

  • 79.

    Mura, G. & Brtek, J. Revised key to families and genera of the Anostraca with notes on their geographical distribution. Crustaceana 73, 1037–1088 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • 80.

    Atashbar, B., Agh, N., Van Stappen, G., Mertens, J. & Beladjal, L. Combined effect of temperature and salinity on hatching characteristics of three fairy shrimp species (Crustacea: Anostraca). J. Limnol. 73, 574–583 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • 81.

    Eder, E., Hödl, W. & Gottwald, R. Distribution and phenology of large branchiopods in Austria. Hydrobiologia 359, 13–22 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  • 82.

    Šćiban, M., Marković, A., Lukić, D. & Miličić, D. Autumn populations of Branchinecta orientalis G. O. Sars, 1903 and Chirocephalus diaphanus Prevost, 1803 (Crustacea, Branchiopoda) in the Central European Lowlands (Pannonian Plain, Serbia). North-West. J. Zool. 10, 435–437 (2014).

    Google Scholar 

  • 83.

    Alonso, M. A survey of the Spanish Euphyllopoda. Miscelania Zool. 9, 179–208 (1985).

    Google Scholar 

  • 84.

    Petkovski, S. On the presence of the genus Branchinecta Verrill, 1869 (Crustacea, Anostraca) in Yugoslavia. Hydrobiologia 226, 17–27 (1991).

    Google Scholar 

  • 85.

    Dimentman, C. The rainpool ecosystems of Israel: Geographical distribution of freshwater Anostraca (Crustacea). Israel J. Ecol. Evol. 30, 1–15 (1981).

    Google Scholar 

  • 86.

    Eid, E. K. New records of large branchiopods from northern Jordan (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Zool. Middle East 46, 116–117 (2009).

    Google Scholar 

  • 87.

    Mura, G., Ozkutuk, S. R., Aygen, C. & Cottarelli, V. New data on the taxonomy and distribution of anostracan fauna from Turkey. J. Biol. Res. 15, 17–23 (2011).

    Google Scholar 

  • 88.

    Rogers, D. C., Quinney, D. L., Weaver, J. & Olesen, J. A new giant species of predatory fairy shrimp from Idaho, USA (Branchiopoda: Anostraca). J. Crustac. Biol. 26, 1–12 (2006).

    Google Scholar 

  • 89.

    Rodríguez-Flores, P. C., Jiménez-Ruiz, Y., Forró, L., Vörös, J. & García-París, M. Non-congruent geographic patterns of genetic divergence across European species of Branchinecta (Anostraca: Branchinectidae). Hydrobiologia 801, 47–57 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • 90.

    Atashbar, B., Agh, N., Van Stappen, G. & Beladjal, L. Diversity and distribution patterns of large branchiopods (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) in temporary pools (Iran). J. Arid. Environ. 111, 27–34 (2014).

    ADS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 91.

    Belk, D. & Esparza, C. E. Anostraca of the Indian Subcontinent. Hydrobiologia 298, 287–293 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • 92.

    Brtek, J. & Thiéry, A. The geographic distribution of the European Branchiopods (Anostraca, Notostraca, Spinicaudata, Laevicaudata). Hydrobiologia 298, 263–280 (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  • 93.

    Horn, W. & Paul, M. Occurrence and distribution of the Eurasian Branchinecta orientalis (Anostraca) in Central Asia (Northwest Mongolia, Uvs Nuur Basin) and in other holarctic areas. Lauterbornia 49, 81–91 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  • 94.

    Marrone, F., Alonso, M., Pieri, V., Augugliaro, C. & Stoch, F. The crustacean fauna of Bayan Onjuul area (Tov Province, Mongolia) (Crustacea: Branchiopoda, Copepoda, Ostracoda). North West. J. Zool. 11, 288–295 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • 95.

    Mura, G. & Takami, G. A. A contribution to the knowledge of the anostracan fauna of Iran. Hydrobiologia 441, 117–121 (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  • 96.

    Naganawa, H. et al. Does the dispersal of fairy shrimps (Branchiopoda, Anostraca) reflect the shifting geographical distribution of freshwaters since the late Mesozoic?. Limnology https://doi.org/10.1007/s10201-019-00589-9 (2019).

    Article 

    Google Scholar 

  • 97.

    Padhye, S. M., Kulkarni, M. R. & Dumont, H. J. Diversity and zoogeography of the fairy shrimps (Branchiopoda: Anostraca) on the Indian subcontinent. Hydrobiologia 801, 117–128 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • 98.

    Petkovski, S. Taksonomsko-morfološka i zoogeografsko-ekološka studija Anostraca (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) jugoslovenskih zemalja. (Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Novi Sad, 1993).

  • 99.

    Pretus, J. L. A commented check-list of the Balearic Branchiopoda (Crustacea). Limnetica 6, 157–164 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  • 100.

    van den Broeck, M., Waterkeyn, A., Rhazi, L. & Brendonck, L. Distribution, coexistence, and decline of Moroccan large branchiopods. J. Crustacean Biol. 35, 355–365 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • 101.

    Hijmans, R. J., Philips, S., Leathwick, J. & Elith, J. Package ‘dismo’. 9, 1–68 (2017).

  • 102.

    R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. http://www.R-project.org/. (2014).

  • 103.

    Hijmans, R. J., Cameron, S. E. & Parra, J. L. Climate Date from Worldclim (2004).

  • 104.

    Alfonso, G. & Marrone, F. Branchiopoda Anostraca, Notostraca, Spinicaudata. In Checklist of the Italian fauna (in press).

  • 105.

    Defaye, D., Rabet, N. & Thiéry, A. Atlas et bibliographie des crustaces branchiopodes (Anostraca, Notostraca, Spinicaudata) de France metropolitaine. Collection patrimoines naturels (1998).

  • 106.

    Song, H., Buhay, J. E., Whiting, M. F. & Crandall, K. A. Many species in one: DNA barcoding overestimates the number of species when nuclear mitochondrial pseudogenes are coamplified. PNAS 105, 13486–13491 (2008).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 107.

    Hall, T. A. BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucl. Acids Symp. Ser. 41, 95–98 (1999).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 108.

    Aguilar, A. et al. High intraspecific genetic divergence in the versatile fairy shrimp Branchinecta lindahli with a comment on cryptic species in the genus Branchinecta (Crustacea: Anostraca). Hydrobiologia 801, 59–69 (2017).

    Google Scholar 

  • 109.

    Jeffery, N. W., Elías-Gutiérrez, M. & Adamowicz, S. J. Species diversity and phylogeographical affinities of the Branchiopoda (Crustacea) of Churchill, Manitoba, Canada. PLoS ONE 6, e18364 (2011).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 110.

    Lanfear, R., Frandsen, P. B., Wright, A. M., Senfeld, T. & Calcott, B. PartitionFinder 2: New methods for selecting partitioned models of evolution for molecular and morphological phylogenetic analyses. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34, 772–773 (2017).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 111.

    Kumar, S., Stecher, G., Li, M., Knyaz, C. & Tamura, K. MEGA X: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol. Biol. Evol. 35, 1547–1549 (2018).

    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 112.

    Drummond, A. J., Suchard, M. A., Xie, D. & Rambaut, A. Bayesian phylogenetics with BEAUti and the BEAST 1.7. Mol. Biol. Evol. 29, 1969–1973 (2012).

  • 113.

    Huelsenbeck, J. P. & Ronquist, F. MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17, 754–755 (2001).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 114.

    Ronquist, F. & Huelsenbeck, J. P. MrBayes 3: Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models. Bioinformatics 19, 1572–1574 (2003).

    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 115.

    Ronquist, F. et al. MrBayes 3.2: Efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space. Syst. Biol. 61, 539–542 (2012).

  • 116.

    Bandelt, H. J., Forster, P. & Röhl, A. Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies. Mol. Biol. Evol. 16, 37–48 (1999).

    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 117.

    Leigh, J. W. & Bryant, D. popart: Full-feature software for haplotype network construction. Methods Ecol. Evol. 6, 1110–1116 (2015).

    Google Scholar 

  • 118.

    Xia, X. & Kumar, S. DAMBE7: New and improved tools for data analysis in molecular biology and evolution. Mol. Biol. Evol. 35, 1550–1552 (2018).

    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar 

  • 119.

    Xia, X. & Lemey, P. Assessing substitution saturation with DAMBE. In The phylogenetic Handbook 615–630 (Cambridge University Press, 2009).

  • 120.

    Xia, X., Xie, Z., Salemi, M., Chen, L. & Wang, Y. An index of substitution saturation and its application. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 26, 1–7 (2003).

    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 121.

    Kimura, M. A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J. Mol. Evol. 16, 111–120 (1980).

    ADS 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar 

  • 122.

    Rozas, J. et al. DnaSP 6: DNA sequence polymorphism analysis of large data sets. Mol. Biol. Evol. 34, 3299–3302 (2017).

    CAS 

    Google Scholar 

  • 123.

    Nychka, D. et al. fields: Tools for Spatial Data (2020).

  • 124.

    Oksanen, J. et al. vegan: Community ecology package. – R package ver. 2.0-4. http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan. (2012).


  • Source: Ecology - nature.com

    Contact calls in woodpeckers are individually distinctive, show significant sex differences and enable mate recognition

    Translation stalling proline motifs are enriched in slow-growing, thermophilic, and multicellular bacteria