Hoegh-Guldberg, O. Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world’s coral reefs. Mar. Freshwater Res. 50(8), 839–866. https://doi.org/10.1071/MF99078 (1999).
Google Scholar
Moberg, F. & Folke, C. Ecological goods and services of coral reef ecosystems. Ecol. Econ. 29(2), 215–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(99)00009-9 (1999).
Google Scholar
Shahbudin, S., Fikri Akmal, K. F., Faris, S., Normawaty, M. N. & Mukai, Y. Current status of coral reefs in Tioman Island Peninsular Malaysia. Turk. J. Zool. 41(2), 294–305. https://doi.org/10.3906/zoo-1511-42 (2017).
Google Scholar
Anthony, K. R. N. et al. Operationalizing resilience for adaptive coral reef management under global environmental change. Glob. Change Biol. 21(1), 48–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12700,Pubmed:25196132 (2015).
Google Scholar
Bruno, J. F. & Selig, E. R. Regional decline of coral cover in the Indo-Pacific: timing, extent, and subregional comparisons. PLoS ONE 2(8), e711. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000711,Pubmed:17684557 (2007).
Google Scholar
Cowburn, B., Samoilys, M. A. & Obura, D. The current status of coral reefs and their vulnerability to climate change and multiple human stresses in the Comoros Archipelago Western Indian Ocean. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 133, 956–969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.04.065,Pubmed:29778407 (2018).
Google Scholar
Schueth, J. D. & Frank, T. D. Reef foraminifera as bioindicators of coral reef health: Low Isles Reef, northern Great Barrier Reef Australia. J. Foram. Res. 38(1), 11–22. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.38.1.11 (2008).
Google Scholar
Uthicke, S., Thompson, A. & Schaffelke, B. Effectiveness of benthic foraminiferal and coral assemblages as water quality indicators on inshore reefs of the Great Barrier Reef Australia. Coral Reefs 29(1), 209–225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0574-9 (2010).
Google Scholar
Natsir, S. M. & Subkhan, M. The distribution of benthic foraminifera in coral reefs community and seagrass bad of Belitung Islands based on FORAM Index. J. Coast. Dev. 15(1), 51–58 (2012).
Alve, E. Benthic foraminiferal responses to estuarine pollution: a review. J. Foram. Res. 25(3), 190–203. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.25.3.190 (1995).
Google Scholar
Hallock, P., Lidz, B. H., Cockey-Burkhard, E. M. & Donnelly, K. B. Foraminifera as bioindicators in coral reef assessment and monitoring: the FORAM index. Foraminifera in reef assessment and monitoring. Environ. Monit. Assess. 81(1–3), 221–238 (2003).
Google Scholar
Sen Gupta, B. K. Systematics of modern Foraminifera. In Sen Gupta, B.K. (ed.) Modern Foraminifera (Springer, 2003) 7–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48104-9.
Carnahan, E. A. Foraminiferal Assemblages as Bioindicators of Potentially Toxic Elements in Biscayne Bay, Florida. M.Sc. thesis (U.S.A.: University of South Florida, 2005)
Barbosa, C. F., Prazeres, M. D. F., Ferreira, B. P. & Seoane, J. C. S. Foraminiferal assemblage and Reef Check census in coral reef health monitoring of East Brazilian margin. Mar. Micropaleontol. 73(1–2), 62–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.07.002 (2009).
Google Scholar
Dimiza, M. D., Koukousioura, O., Triantaphyllou, M. V. & Dermitzakis, M. D. Live and dead benthic foraminiferal assemblages from coastal environments of the Aegean Sea (Greece): distribution and diversity. Rev. Micropaleontol. 59(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmic.2015.10.002 (2016).
Google Scholar
Uthicke, S. & Nobes, K. Benthic foraminifera as ecological indicators for water quality on the Great Barrier Reef. Estuarine Coast. Shelf Sci. 78(4), 763–773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2008.02.014 (2008).
Google Scholar
Renema, W. Terrestrial influence as a key driver of spatial variability in large benthic foraminiferal assemblage composition in the Central Indo-Pacific. Earth Sci. Rev. 177, 514–544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.12.013 (2018).
Google Scholar
Förderer, M. & Langer, M. R. Exceptionally species-rich assemblages of modern larger benthic foraminifera from nearshore reefs in northern Palawan (Philippines). Rev. Micropaleontol. 100, 65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revmic.2019.100387 (2019).
Google Scholar
Eichler, P. P. B. & de Moura, D. S. Symbiont-bearing foraminifera as health proxy in coral reefs in the equatorial margin of Brazil. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 27(12), 13637–13661. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07483-y,Pubmed:32034594 (2020).
Google Scholar
Renema, W. Is increased calcarinid (foraminifera) abundance indicating a larger role for macro-algae in Indonesian Plio-Pleistocene coral reefs?. Coral Reefs 29(1), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-009-0568-7 (2010).
Google Scholar
Chen, C. & Lin, H. L. Applying benthic Foraminiferal assemblage to evaluate the coral reef condition in Dongsha Atoll lagoon. Zool. Stud. 56, e20. https://doi.org/10.6620/ZS.2017.56-20,Pubmed:31966219 (2017).
Google Scholar
Hallock, P. Interoceanic differences in foraminifera with symbiotic algae: a result of nutrient supplies. Mar. Sci. Faculty Publication 1228 (1988). https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/msc_facpub/1228
Langer, M. R., Weinmann, A. E., Lötters, S., Bernhard, J. M. & Rödder, D. Climate-driven range extension of Amphistegina (protista, foraminiferida): Models of current and predicted future ranges [Protista, Foraminiferida]. PLoS ONE 8(2), e54443. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0054443,Pubmed:23405081 (2013).
Google Scholar
Culver, S. J. et al. Distribution of foraminifera of the Poverty continental margin, New Zealand: implications for sediment transport. J. Foram. Res. 42(4), 305–326. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.42.4.305 (2012).
Google Scholar
Szarek, R. Biodiversity and Biogeography of Recent Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages in the South Western South China Sea (Sunda Shelf). Doctoral dissertation (Kiel, Kiel, Germany: Christian-Albrechts Universität, 2001).
Prazeres, M., Martínez-Colón, M. & Hallock, P. Foraminifera as bioindicators of water quality: the FoRAM Index revisited. Environ. Pollut. 257, 113612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113612,Pubmed:31784269 (2020).
Google Scholar
Toda, T. et al. Community structures of coral reefs around Peninsular Malaysia. J. Oceanogr. 63(1), 113–123. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10872-007-0009-6 (2007).
Google Scholar
Zakai, D. & Chadwick-Furman, N. E. Impacts of intensive recreational diving on reef corals at Eilat, northern Red Sea. Biol. Conserv. 105(2), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3207(01)00181-1 (2002).
Google Scholar
Carnahan, E. A., Hoare, A. M., Hallock, P., Lidz, B. H. & Reich, C. D. Foraminiferal assemblages in Biscayne Bay, Florida, USA: responses to urban and agricultural influence in a subtropical estuary. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 59(8–12), 221–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.08.008 (2009).
Google Scholar
Oliver, L. M. et al. Contrasting responses of coral reef fauna and foraminiferal assemblages to human influence in la Parguera Puerto Rico. Mar. Environ. Res. 99, 95–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2014.04.005 (2014).
Google Scholar
Unsworth, R. K., Clifton, J. & Smith, D. J. Marine Research and Conservation in the Coral Triangle: The Wakatobi National Park (Nova Science Publishers, 2010).
Praveena, S. M., Siraj, S. S. & Aris, A. Z. Coral reefs studies and threats in Malaysia: a mini review. Rev. Environ. Sci. Bio Technol. 11(1), 27–39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11157-011-9261-8 (2012).
Google Scholar
Akmal, K. F., Shahbudin, S., Faiz, M. H. M. & Hamizan, Y. M. Diversity and abundance of scleractinian corals in the East Coast of peninsular Malaysia: a case study of Redang and Tioman Islands. Ocean Sci. J. 54(3), 435–456. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12601-019-0018-6 (2019).
Google Scholar
Oron, S., Abramovich, S., Almogi-Labin, A., Woeger, J. & Erez, J. Depth related adaptations in symbiont bearing benthic foraminifera: new insights from a field experiment on Operculina ammonoides. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 9560. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27838-8,Pubmed:29934603 (2018).
Google Scholar
Oliver, J. K., Berkelmans, R. & Eakin, C. M. Coral bleaching in space and time in (eds van Oppen, M. J. H. & Lough, J. M.) Coral Bleaching. Ecological Studies. 205 (Springer, 2009) 21–39.
Harborne, A., Fenner, D., Barnes, A., Beger, M., Harding, S. & Roxburgh, T. Status Report on the Coral Reefs of the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Report Prepared to Department of Fisheries Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 361–369 (2000)
Akhir, M., Fadzil, M., Zakaria, N. Z. & Tangang, F. Intermonsoon variation of physical characteristics and current circulation along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Int. J. Oceanogr., 1–9 (2014)
Chu, P. C., Qi, Y., Chen, Y., Shi, P. & Mao, Q. South China sea wind-wave characteristics. Part I: validation of WAVEWATCH-III using TOPEX/Poseidon data. J. Atmos. Ocean. Technol. 21(11), 1718–1733. https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH1661.1 (2004).
Google Scholar
Marghany, M. Velocity bunching model for modelling wave spectra along east coast of Malaysia. J. Indian Soc. Remote Sens. 32(2), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030875 (2004).
Google Scholar
Department of Marine Park, Malaysia. Laporan Tahunan Jabatan Taman Laut Malaysia. Annual report (2012)
Chia, K. W., Ramachandran, S., Ho, J. A. & Ng, S. S. I. Conflicts to consensus: Stakeholder perspectives of Tioman Island tourism sustainability. Int. J. Bus. Soc. 19, 159 (2018).
Game, E. T., Meijaard, E., Sheil, D. & McDonald-Madden, E. Conservation in a wicked complex world; challenges and solutions. Conserv. Lett. 7(3), 271–277. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12050 (2014).
Google Scholar
Murray, J. W. Ecology and applications of benthic foraminifera. Cambridge University Press (2006)
Loeblich, A. R. & Tappan, H. Foraminiferal Genera and Their Classification (Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1987).
Szarek, R., Kuhnt, W., Kawamura, H. & Kitazato, H. Distribution of recent benthic foraminifera on the Sunda Shelf (South China Sea). Mar. Micropaleontol. 61(4), 171–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2006.06.005 (2006).
Google Scholar
Martin, S. Q. et al. Announcements. J. Foram. Res. 48(4), 388–389. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsjfr.48.4.388 (2018).
Google Scholar
Folk, R. L. Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks (Hemphill Publishing Company, 1980)
Dean, W. E. Determination of carbonate and organic matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition; comparison with other methods. J. Sediment. Res. 44(1), 242–248 (1974).
Google Scholar
Heiri, O., Lotter, A. F. & Lemcke, G. Loss on ignition as a method for estimating organic and carbonate content in sediments: reproducibility and comparability of results. J. Paleolimnol. 25(1), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008119611481 (2001).
Google Scholar
Romesburg, C. Cluster Analysis for Researchers (Lulu Press, 2004).
Milker, Y. et al. Distribution of recent benthic foraminifera in shelf carbonate environments of the western Mediterranean Sea. Mar. Micropaleontol. 73(3–4), 207–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2009.10.003 (2009).
Google Scholar
Source: Ecology - nature.com
