Pimentel, D. et al. Economic and environmental threats of alien plant, animal, and microbe invasions. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 84, 1–20 (2001).
Wilcove, D. S. & Chen, L. Y. Management costs for endangered species. Conserv. Biol. 12, 1405–1407 (1998).
Singer, M. C., Wee, B., Hawkins, S. & Butcher, M. Rapid natural and anthropogenic diet evolution: three examples from checkerspot butterflies in The Evolutionary Biology of Herbivorous Insects: Speciation, Specialization and Radiation (ed. Tilmon, K. J.). 311–324. (University of California Press, 2008).
Ruesink, J. L., Parker, I. M., Groom, M. J. & Kareiva, P. M. Reducing the risks of nonindigenous species introductions. Bioscience 45, 465–477 (1995).
Rhymer, J. M. & Simberloff, D. Extinction by hybridization and introgression. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 27, 83–109 (1996).
Vitousek, P. M., D’Antonio, C. M., Loope, L. L. & Westbrooks, R. Biological invasions as global environmental change. Am. Sci. 84, 468–478 (1996).
Google Scholar
Daszak, P., Cunningham, A. A. & Hyatt, A. D. Emerging infectious diseases of wildlife-threats to biodiversity and human health. Science 287, 443–449 (2000).
Google Scholar
Lockwood, J. L., Cassey, P. & Blackburn, T. The role of propagule pressure in explaining species invasions. Trends Ecol. Evol. 20, 223–228 (2005).
Google Scholar
Blackburn, T. M. & Jeschke, J. M. Invasion success and threat status: two sides of a different coin?. Ecography 32, 83–88 (2009).
Facon, B. et al. A general eco-evolutionary framework for understanding bioinvasions. Trends Ecol. Evol. 21, 130–135 (2006).
Google Scholar
Ellstrand, N. C. & Schierenbeck, K. A. Hybridization as a stimulus for the evolution of invasiveness in plants?. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 7043–7050 (2000).
Google Scholar
Verhoeven, K. J. F., Macel, M., Wolfe, L. M. & Biere, A. Population admixture, biological invasions and the balance between local adaptation and inbreeding depression. Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 278, 2–8 (2011).
Brevik, K., Lindström, L., McKay, S. D. & Chen, Y. H. Transgenerational effects of insecticides-implications for rapid pest evolution in agroecosystems. Curr. Opin. Insect Sci. 26, 34–40 (2018).
Google Scholar
Kirk, W. D. J. & Terry, L. I. The spread of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Agr. Forest. Entomol. 5, 301–310 (2003).
Piiroinen, S., Lyytinen, A. & Lindström, L. Stress for invasion success? Temperature stress of preceding generations modifies the response to insecticide stress in an invasive pest insect. Evol. Appl. 6, 313–323 (2013).
Google Scholar
Margus, A. et al. Sublethal pyrethroid insecticide exposure carries positive fitness effects over generations in a pest insect. Sci. Rep. 9, 1–10 (2019).
Google Scholar
Vais, H., Williamson, M. S., Devonshire, A. L. & Usherwood, P. N. R. The molecular interactions of pyrethroid insecticides with insect and mammalian sodium channels. Pest Manag. Sci. 57, 877–888 (2001).
Google Scholar
Smith, L. B., Kasai, S. & Scott, J. G. Voltage-sensitive sodium channel mutations S989P+ V1016G in Aedes aegypti confer variable resistance to pyrethroids, DDT and oxadiazines. Pest Manag. Sci. 74, 737–745 (2018).
Google Scholar
Guerrero, F. D., Jamroz, R. C., Kammlah, D. & Kunz, S. E. Toxicological and molecular characterization of pyrethroid-resistant horn flies, Haematobia irritans: Identification of kdr and super-kdr point mutations. Insect Biochem. Mol. 27, 745–755 (1997).
Google Scholar
Morin, S. et al. Mutations in the Bemisia tabaci para sodium channel gene associated with resistance to a pyrethroid plus organophosphate mixture. Insect Biochem. Mol. 32, 1781–1791 (2002).
Google Scholar
Kasai, S. et al. First detection of a putative knockdown resistance gene in major mosquito vector, Aedes albopictus. Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. 64, 217–221 (2011).
Google Scholar
Brito, L. P. et al. Assessing the effects of Aedes aegypti kdr mutations on pyrethroid resistance and its fitness cost. PLoS ONE 8, e60678 (2013).
Google Scholar
De Barro, P. J., Liu, S. S., Boykin, L. M. & Dinsdale, A. B. Bemisia tabaci: A statement of species status. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 56, 1–19 (2011).
Google Scholar
Perring, T. M. The Bemisia tabaci species complex. Crop Prot. 20, 725–737 (2001).
Navas-Castillo, J., Fiallo-Olivé, E. & Sánchez-Campos, S. Emerging virus diseases transmitted by whiteflies. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 49, 219–248 (2011).
Google Scholar
Mugerwa, H. et al. African ancestry of new world, Bemisia tabaci-whitefly species. Sci. Rep. 8, 2734 (2018).
Google Scholar
Kanakala, S. & Ghanim, M. Global genetic diversity and geographical distribution of Bemisia tabaci and its bacterial endosymbionts. PLoS ONE 14, e0213946 (2019).
Google Scholar
Hu, J. et al. New putative cryptic species detection and genetic network analysis of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in China based on mitochondrial COI sequences. Mitochondr. DNA Part DNA Mapp. Seq. Anal. 29, 474–484 (2018).
Vyskocilova, S., Tay, W. T., van Brunschot, S., Seal, S. & Colvin, J. An integrative approach to discovering cryptic species within the Bemisia tabaci whitefly species complex. Sci. Rep. 8, 10886 (2018).
Google Scholar
Cheek, S. & Macdonald, O. Statutory controls to prevent the establishment of Bemisia tabaci in the United Kingdom. Pestic. Sci. 42, 135–137 (1994).
Google Scholar
Horowitz, A. R. et al. Biotype Q of Bemisia tabaci identified in Israel. Phytoparasitica 31, 94–98 (2003).
Basit, M. Status of insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci: Resistance, cross-resistance, stability of resistance, genetics and fitness costs. Phytoparasitica 47, 207–225 (2019).
Google Scholar
Horowitz, A. R., Kontsedalov, S., Khasdan, V. & Ishaaya, I. Biotypes B and Q of Bemisia tabaci and their relevance to neonicotinoid and pyriproxyfen resistance. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 58, 216–225 (2005).
Google Scholar
Horowitz, A. R., Ghanim, M., Roditakis, E., Nauen, R. & Ishaaya, I. Insecticide resistance and its management in Bemisia tabaci species. J. Pest. Sci. 93, 893–910 (2020).
Delatte, H. et al. A new silverleaf-inducing biotype Ms of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) indigenous to the islands of the south-west Indian Ocean. B. Entomol. Res. 95, 29–35 (2005).
Google Scholar
Peterschmitt, M. et al. First report of tomato yellow leaf curl virus in Réunion Island. Plant Dis. 83, 303 (1999).
Google Scholar
Delatte, H., Lett, J.-M., Lefeuvre, P., Reynaud, B. & Peterschmitt, M. An insular environment before and after TYLCV introduction in Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Disease: Management, Molecular Biology, Breeding for Resistance (ed. Czosnek, H.). 13–23. (Springer, 2007).
Delatte, H. et al. Microsatellites reveal extensive geographical, ecological and genetic contacts between invasive and indigenous whitefly biotypes in an insular environment. Genet. Res. 87, 109–124 (2006).
Google Scholar
Delatte, H. et al. Genetic diversity, geographical range and origin of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Indian Ocean Ms. B. Entomol. Res. 101, 487–497 (2011).
Google Scholar
Thierry, M. et al. Mitochondrial, nuclear, and endosymbiotic diversity of two recently introduced populations of the invasive Bemisia tabaci MED species in La Réunion. Insect. Conserv. Divers. 8, 71–80 (2015).
Tsagkarakou, A. et al. Molecular diagnostics for detecting pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance mutations in the Q biotype of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pestic. Biochem. Phys. 94, 49–54 (2009).
Google Scholar
Delatte, H. et al. Differential invasion success among biotypes: case of Bemisia tabaci. Biol. Invasions 11, 1059–1070 (2009).
Chu, D., Tao, Y.-L., Zhang, Y.-J., Wan, F.-H. & Brown, J. K. Effects of host, temperature and relative humidity on competitive displacement of two invasive Bemisia tabaci biotypes [Q and B]. Insect Sci. 19, 595–603 (2012).
Chu, D., Wan, F. H., Zhang, Y. J. & Brown, J. K. Change in the biotype composition of Bemisia tabaci in Shandong Province of China from 2005 to 2008. Environ. Entomol. 39, 1028–1036 (2010).
Google Scholar
Pascual, S. & Callejas, C. Intra- and interspecific competition between biotypes B and Q of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Spain. B. Entomol. Res. 94, 369–375 (2004).
Google Scholar
Pan, H. et al. Insecticides promote viral outbreaks by altering herbivore competition. Ecol. Appl. 25, 1585–1595 (2015).
Google Scholar
Shatters, R. G. et al. Population genetics of Bemisia tabaci biotypes B and Q from the Mediterranean and the U.S. inferred using microsatellite markers. in Fourth International Bemisia Workshop International Whitefly Genomics Workshop (3–8 December 2006). (Duck Key: USDA/ARS US Horticultural Research Laboratory, 2006).
McKenzie, C. L. & Osborne, L. S. Bemisia tabaci MED (Q biotype) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Florida is on the move to residential landscapes and may impact open-field agriculture. Fla. Entomol. 100, 481–484 (2017).
Guo, X.-J. et al. Diversity and genetic differentiation of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci species complex in China based on mtCOI and cDNA-AFLP analysis. J. Integr. Agr. 11, 206–214 (2012).
Google Scholar
Prabhaker, N., Castle, S., Henneberry, T. J. & Toscano, N. C. Assessment of cross-resistance potential to neonicotinoid insecticides in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). B. Entomol. Res. 95, 535–543 (2005).
Google Scholar
Taquet, A. et al. Insecticide resistance and fitness cost in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) invasive and resident species in La Réunion Island. Pest Manag. Sci. 76, 1235–1244 (2020).
Google Scholar
Elfekih, S. et al. Genome-wide analyses of the Bemisia tabaci species complex reveal contrasting patterns of admixture and complex demographic histories. PLoS ONE 13, e0190555 (2018).
Google Scholar
Thierry, M. et al. Symbiont diversity and non-random hybridization among indigenous (Ms) and invasive (B) biotypes of Bemisia tabaci. Mol. Ecol. 20, 2172–2187 (2011).
Google Scholar
Gauthier, N. et al. Genetic structure of Bemisia tabaci Med populations from home-range countries, inferred by nuclear and cytoplasmic markers: impact on the distribution of the insecticide resistance genes. Pest Manag. Sci. 70, 1477–1491 (2014).
Google Scholar
Alon, M. et al. Multiple origins of pyrethroid resistance in sympatric biotypes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Insect Biochem. Mol. 36, 71–79 (2006).
Google Scholar
Vassiliou, V. et al. Insecticide resistance in Bemisia tabaci from Cyprus. Insect Sci. 18, 30–39 (2011).
Google Scholar
Gnankiné, O., Hema, O., Namountougou, M., Mouton, L. & Vavre, F. Impact of pest management practices on the frequency of insecticide resistance alleles in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) populations in three countries of West Africa. Crop Prot. 104, 86–91 (2018).
Cahill, M., Byrne, F. J., Gorman, K., Denholm, I. & Devonshire, A. L. Pyrethroid and organophosphate resistance in the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). B. Entomol. Res. 85, 181–187 (1995).
Google Scholar
Weill, M. et al. Insecticide resistance: A silent base prediction. Curr. Biol. 14, 552–553 (2004).
Bouvier, J.-C. et al. Deltamethrin resistance in the codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae): Inheritance and number of genes involved. Heredity (Edinb) 87, 456–462 (2001).
Google Scholar
Calvert, L. A. et al. Morphological and mitochondrial DNA marker analyses of whiteflies (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) colonizing cassava and beans in Colombia. Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 94, 512–519 (2001).
Google Scholar
Tocko-Marabena, B. K. et al. Genetic diversity of Bemisia tabaci species colonizing cassava in Central African Republic characterized by analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. PLoS ONE 12, e0182749 (2017).
Google Scholar
Ally, H. M. et al. What has changed in the outbreaking populations of the severe crop pest whitefly species in cassava in two decades?. Sci. Rep. 9, 1–13 (2019).
Google Scholar
Kearse, M. et al. Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics 28, 1647–1649 (2012).
Google Scholar
Van Oosterhout, C., Hutchinson, W. F., Wills, D. P. M. & Shipley, P. MICRO-CHECKER: software for identifying and correcting genotyping errors in microsatellite data. Mol. Ecol. Notes 4, 535–538 (2004).
Weir, B. S. & Cockerham, C. C. Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution 38, 1358–1370 (1984).
Google Scholar
Raymond, M. GENEPOP (version 1.2): Population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism. J. Hered. 86, 248–249 (1995).
Piry, S., Luikart, G. & Cornuet, J. M. BOTTLENECK: a computer program for detecting recent reductions in the effective population size using allele frequency data. J. Hered. 90, 502–503 (1999).
Pritchard, J. K., Stephens, M. & Donnelly, P. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155, 945–959 (2000).
Google Scholar
Evanno, G., Regnaut, S. & Goudet, J. Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: A simulation study. Mol. Ecol. 14, 2611–2620 (2005).
Google Scholar
Earl, D. A. & VonHoldt, B. M. STRUCTURE HARVESTER: a website and program for visualizing STRUCTURE output and implementing the Evanno method. Conserv. Genet. Resour. 4, 359–361 (2012).
R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. https://www.r-project.org/ (2020).
Jombart, T. & Ahmed, I. Adegenet 1.3–1: New tools for the analysis of genome-wide SNP data. Bioinformatics 27, 3070–3071 (2011).
Google Scholar
Kopelman, N. M., Mayzel, J., Jakobsson, M., Rosenberg, N. A. & Mayrose, I. Clumpak: A program for identifying clustering modes and packaging population structure inferences across K. Mol. Ecol. Resour. 15, 1179–1191 (2015).
Google Scholar
Slatkin, M. Isolation by distance in equilibrium and non-equilibrium populations. Evolution 47, 264–279 (1993).
Google Scholar
Vähä, J.-P. & Primmer, C. R. Efficiency of model-based Bayesian methods for detecting hybrid individuals under different hybridization scenarios and with different numbers of loci. Mol. Ecol. 15, 63–72 (2006).
Google Scholar
Source: Ecology - nature.com
