Chen, I. C., Hill, J. K., Ohlemüller, R., Roy, D. B. & Thomas, C. D. Rapid range shifts of species associated with high levels of climate warming. Science 333(6045), 1024–1026. https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.1206432 (2011).
Google Scholar
Newton, I. Migration within the annual cycle: Species, sex and age differences. J. Ornithol. 152, 169–185. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10336-011-0689-Y/TABLES/1 (2011).
Google Scholar
Dodson, S., Abrahms, B., Bograd, S. J., Fiechter, J. & Hazen, E. L. Disentangling the biotic and abiotic drivers of emergent migratory behavior using individual-based models. Ecol. Model. 432, 109225. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOLMODEL.2020.109225 (2020).
Google Scholar
Lehikoinen, A. et al. Sex-specific timing of autumn migration in birds: the role of sexual size dimorphism, migration distance and differences in breeding investment. Ornis Fennica 94, 53–65 (2017).
Stewart, B. S. Ontogeny of differential migration and sexual segregation in northern elephant seals. J. Mammol. 78(4), 1101–1116 (1997).
Somveille, M., Rodrigues, A. S. L. & Manica, A. Why do birds migrate? A macroecological perspective. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 24(6), 664–674. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12298 (2015).
Google Scholar
Corkeron, P. J. & Connor, R. C. Why do baleen whales migrate?. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 15(4), 1228–1245. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1748-7692.1999.TB00887.X (1999).
Google Scholar
Mourier, J., Mills, S. C. & Planes, S. Population structure, spatial distribution and life-history traits of blacktip reef sharks Carcharhinus melanopterus. J. Fish Biol. 82(3), 979–993. https://doi.org/10.1111/JFB.12039 (2013).
Google Scholar
Avgar, T., Mosser, A., Brown, G. S. & Fryxell, J. M. Environmental and individual drivers of animal movement patterns across a wide geographical gradient. J. Anim. Ecol. 82, 96–106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2656.2012.02035.x (2013).
Google Scholar
Crawshaw, L. I. Physiological and behavioral reactions of fishes to temperature change. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34(5), 730–734. https://doi.org/10.1139/f77-113 (1977).
Google Scholar
Heithaus, M., Dill, L., Marshall, G. J. & Buhleier, B. Habitat use and foraging behavior of tiger sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier) in a seagrass ecosystem. Mar. Biol. 140, 337–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-001-0711-7 (2002).
Google Scholar
Magnuson, J. J., Crowder, L. B. & Medvick, P. A. Temperature as an ecological resource. Integr. Comp. Biol. 19(1), 331–343. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/19.1.331 (1979).
Google Scholar
Matern, S. A., Cech, J. J. & Hopkins, T. E. Diel movements of bat rays, Myliobatis californica, in Tomales Bay, California: Evidence for behavioral thermoregulation?. Environ. Biol. Fishes 58(2), 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1007625212099 (2000).
Google Scholar
Speed, C. W., Meekan, M. G., Field, I. C., McMahon, C. R. & Bradshaw, C. J. A. Heat-seeking sharks: Support for behavioural thermoregulation in reef sharks. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 463, 231–244. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps09864 (2012).
Google Scholar
Dewar, H., Domeier, M. & Nasby-Lucas, N. Insights into young of the year white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, behavior in the Southern California Bight. Environ. Biol. Fishes https://doi.org/10.1023/B:EBFI.0000029343.54027.6a.pdf (2004).
Google Scholar
Hertz, P. E., Huey, R. & Stevenson, R. D. Evaluating temperature regulation by field-active ectotherms. Am. Nat. 142, 796–818 (1993).
Google Scholar
Heupel, M. R., Simpfendorfer, C. A. & Hueter, R. E. Estimation of shark home ranges using passive monitoring techniques. Environ. Biol. Fishes 71(2), 135–142. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:ebfi.0000045710.18997.f7 (2004).
Google Scholar
Topping, D. T., Lowe, C. G. & Caselle, J. E. Site fidelity and seasonal movement patterns of adult California sheephead Semicossyphus pulcher (Labridae): An acoustic monitoring study. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 326, 257–267 (2006).
Weng, K. C. et al. Movements, behavior and habitat preferences of juvenile white sharks Carcharodon carcharias in the eastern Pacific. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 338, 211–224. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps338211 (2007).
Google Scholar
Lyons, K. et al. The degree and result of gillnet fishery interactions with juvenile white sharks in southern California assessed by fishery-independent and -dependent methods. Fish. Res. 147, 370–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FISHRES.2013.07.009 (2013).
Google Scholar
Papastamatiou, Y. P. et al. Drivers of daily routines in an ectothermic marine predator: Hunt warm, rest warmer?. PLoS ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127807 (2015).
Google Scholar
Adolph, S. C. Influence of behavioral thermoregulation on microhabitat use by two sceloporus lizards. Ecology 71(1), 315–327. https://doi.org/10.2307/1940271 (1990).
Google Scholar
Heithaus, M. R. The biology of tiger sharks, Galeocerdo cuvier, in Shark Bay, Western Australia: sex ratio, size distribution, diet, and seasonal changes in catch rates. Environ. Biol. Fishes 61, 25–36 (2001).
Google Scholar
Vaudo, J. J. & Lowe, C. G. Movement patterns of the round stingray Urobatis halleri(Cooper) near a thermal outfall. J. Fish Biol. 68(6), 1756–1766. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-1112.2006.01054.x (2006).
Google Scholar
Vaudo, J. J. & Heithaus, M. R. Microhabitat selection by marine mesoconsumers in a thermally heterogeneous habitat: Behavioral thermoregulation or avoiding predation risk?. PLoS ONE. 8(4), e61907. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061907 (2013).
Google Scholar
Weng, K. C. et al. Migration and habitat of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Mar. Biol. 152(4), 877–894. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-007-0739-4 (2007).
Google Scholar
White, C. F. et al. Quantifying habitat selection and variability in habitat suitability for juvenile white sharks. PLoS ONE 14(5), e0214642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214642 (2019).
Google Scholar
Curtis, T. H. et al. First insights into the movements of young-of-the-year white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in the western North Atlantic Ocean. Sci. Rep. 8(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29180-5 (2018).
Google Scholar
Bruce, B. D., Harasti, D., Lee, K., Gallen, C. & Bradford, R. Broad-scale movements of juvenile white sharks Carcharodon carcharias in eastern Australia from acoustic and satellite telemetry. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 619, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3354/MEPS12969 (2019).
Google Scholar
Carey, F. G. et al. Temperature and activities of a white shark Carcharodon carcharias. Copeia 2, 254–260. https://doi.org/10.2307/1444603 (1982).
Google Scholar
Klimley, A. P., Beavers, S. C., Curtis, T. H. & Jorgensen, S. J. Movements and swimming behavior of three species of sharks in La Jolla Canyon, California. Environ. Biol. Fish. 63, 117–135. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1014200301213.pdf (2002).
Google Scholar
Towner, A. V., Underhill, L. G., Jewell, O. J. D. & Smale, M. J. Environmental Influences on the abundance and sexual composition of white sharks Carcharodon carcharias in Gansbaai, South Africa. PLoS ONE. 8(8), e71197. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071197 (2013).
Google Scholar
Anderson, J. M. et al. High-resolution acoustic telemetry reveals swim speeds and inferred field metabolic rates in juvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). PLoS ONE 17(6), e0268914. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0268914 (2022).
Google Scholar
Anderson, J. M. et al. Interannual nearshore habitat use of young of the year white sharks off Southern California. Front. Mar. Sci. 8, 238. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.645142 (2021).
Google Scholar
Domeier, M. L. & Nasby-Lucas, N. Two-year migration of adult female white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) reveals widely separated nursery areas and conservation concerns. Anim. Biotelemet. 1(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/2050-3385-1-2/FIGURES/3 (2013).
Google Scholar
Oñate-González, E. C. et al. Importance of Bahia Sebastian Vizcaino as a nursery area for white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in the Northeastern Pacific: A fishery dependent analysis. Fish. Res. 188, 125–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FISHRES.2016.12.014 (2017).
Google Scholar
Lowe, C. G. et al. Historic fishery interactions with white sharks in the Southern California Bight. Glob. Perspect. Biol. Life Hist. White Shark 14, 169–190 (2012).
Anderson, J. M. et al. Non-random Co-occurrence of Juvenile White Sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) at Seasonal Aggregation Sites in Southern California. Front. Mar. Sci. 8, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.688505 (2021).
Google Scholar
Benson, J. F. et al. Juvenile survival, competing risks, and spatial variation in mortality risk of a marine apex predator. J. Appl. Ecol. 55, 2888–2897. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13158 (2018).
Google Scholar
RStudio Team. RStudio: Integrated Development for R. (RStudio, PBC, 2020) http://www.rstudio.com/.
Derrick, T., & Thomas, J. Time Series Analysis: The Cross-Correlation Function. Innovative Analyses of Human Movement, Chapter 7. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/kin_pubs/46 (2004).
Killick, R., Fearnhead, P. & Eckley, I. A. Optimal detection of changepoints with a linear computational cost. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 107, 1590–1598. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.2012.737745 (2012).
Google Scholar
Bakun, A. Coastal Upwelling Indices, West Coast of North America. US Department of Commerce. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS SSRF-671 (1973).
Di Lorenzo, E. Seasonal dynamics of the surface circulation in the Southern California Current System. Deep-Sea Res. Part II 50(14–16), 2371–2388. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0967-0645(03)00125-5 (2003).
Google Scholar
Lynn, R. J. & Simpson, J. J. The California Current System: The seasonal variability of its physical characteristics. J. Geophys. Res. 92(C12), 12947. https://doi.org/10.1029/jc092ic12p12947 (1987).
Google Scholar
Sinnett, G. & Feddersen, F. The surf zone heat budget: The effect of wave heating. Geophys. Res. Lett. 41(20), 7217–7226. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL061398 (2014).
Google Scholar
Wei, X., Li, K.-Y., Kilpatrick, T., Wang, M. & Xie, S.-P. Large-scale conditions for the record-setting Southern California marine heatwave of August 2018. Geophys. Res. Lett. 48(7), e2020GL091803 (2021).
Google Scholar
Freedman, R. M., Brown, J. A., Caldow, C. & Caselle, J. E. Marine protected areas do not prevent marine heatwave-induced fish community structure changes in a temperate transition zone. Sci. Rep. 10(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77885-3 (2020).
Google Scholar
Heupel, M. R., Simpfendorfer, C. A. & Hueter, R. E. Running before the storm: blacktip sharks respond to falling barometric pressure associated with Tropical Storm Gabrielle. J. Fish Biol. 63(5), 1357–1363. https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1095-8649.2003.00250.X (2003).
Google Scholar
Guttridge, T. L. et al. Deep danger: Intra-specific predation risk influences habitat use and aggregation formation of juvenile lemon sharks Negaprion brevirostris. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 445, 279–291 (2012).
Google Scholar
Grainger, R. et al. Diet composition and nutritional niche breadth variability in juvenile white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). Front. Mar. Sci. 7, 422 (2020).
Google Scholar
Hussey, N. E., Christiansen, H. M. & Dudley, S. F. J. Size-based analysis of diet and trophic position of the white shark, carcharodon carcharias, in South African waters. Glob. Perspect. Biol. Life Hist. White Shark 3, 27–49. https://doi.org/10.1201/b11532-5 (2012).
Google Scholar
Kim, S. L., Tinker, M. T., Estes, J. A. & Koch, P. L. Ontogenetic and among-individual variation in foraging strategies of northeast Pacific white sharks based on stable isotope analysis. PLoS ONE 7(9), e45068. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0045068 (2012).
Google Scholar
Tinker, M. T. et al. Dramatic increase in sea otter mortality from white sharks in California. Mar. Mamm. Sci. 32(1), 309–326. https://doi.org/10.1111/mms.12261 (2015).
Google Scholar
