Pimentel, D. Economic and environmental impacts of invasive species and their management. Pesticides 21, 10–11 (2001).
Beck, K. G. et al. Invasive species defined in a policy context: Recommendations from the Federal Invasive Species Advisory Committee. Invasive. Plant. Sci. Manag. 1, 414–421. https://doi.org/10.1614/IPSM-08-089.1 (2008).
Google Scholar
Arya, A. K., Joshi, K. K., Bachheti, A. & Rawat, R. Status and impact of invasive and alien species on environment, and human welfare: an overview. Uttar Pradesh J. Zool. 42, 49–58 (2021).
Boone, M. D., Little, E. E. & Semlitsch, R. D. Overwintered bullfrog tadpoles negatively affect salamanders and anurans in native amphibian communities. Copeia 2004, 683–690. https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-03-229R1 (2004).
Google Scholar
Borzée, A., Kosch, T. A., Kim, M. & Jang, Y. Introduced bullfrogs are associated with increased Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis prevalence and reduced occurrence of Korean treefrogs. PLoS ONE 12, e0177860. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0177860 (2017).
Google Scholar
Yap, T. A., Koo, M. S., Ambrose, R. F. & Vredenburg, V. T. Introduced bullfrog facilitates pathogen invasion in the western United States. PLoS ONE 13, e0188384. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0188384 (2018).
Google Scholar
Gobel, N., Laufer, G. & Cortizas, S. Changes in aquatic communities recently invaded by a top predator: Evidence of American bullfrogs in Aceguá, Uruguay. Aquat. Sci. 81, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-018-0604-1 (2019).
Google Scholar
Li, Y., Ke, Z., Wang, Y. & Blackburn, T. M. Frog community responses to recent American bullfrog invasions. Curr. Zool. 57, 83–92. https://doi.org/10.1093/czoolo/57.1.83 (2011).
Google Scholar
Vitousek, P. M., D’antonio, C. M., Loope, L. L., Rejmanek, M. & Westbrooks, R. Introduced species: a significant component of human-caused global change. N. Z. J. Ecol. 21, 1–16 (1997).
Ficetola, G. F. et al. Pattern of distribution of the American bullfrog Rana catesbeiana in Europe. Biol. Invasions. 9, 767–772. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-006-9080-y (2007).
Google Scholar
Lorvelec, O., & Détaint, M. Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw), American bullfrog (Ranidae, Amphibia). Handbook of alien species in Europe. DAISIE (ed.). (Springer, 2009).
Koo, K. S., Park, H. R., Choi, J. H. & Sung, H. C. Present status of non-native amphibians and reptiles traded in Korean online pet shops. J. Ecol. Environ. 3, 106–114. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2020.34.2.106 (2020).
Google Scholar
Lowe, S., Browne, M., Boudjelas, S., & De Poorter, M. 100 of the world’s worst invasive alien species: A selection from the global invasive species database (Vol. 12) (Auckland: Invasive Species Specialist Group, 2000).
Ficetola, G. F., Thuiller, W. & Miaud, C. Prediction and validation of the potential global distribution of a problematic alien invasive species—The American bullfrog. Divers. Distrib. 13, 476–485. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1472-4642.2007.00377.x (2007).
Google Scholar
Orchard, S. A. Removal of the American bullfrog, Rana (Lithobates) catesbeiana, from a pond and a lake on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada Island invasives: Eradication and management. IUCN (Gland, Switzerland). 2011, 1–542 (2011).
Oh, H. S. & Hong, C. E. Current conditions of habitat for Rana catesbeiana and Trachemys scripta elegans imported to Jeju-do, including proposed management plans. J. Ecol. Environ. 21, 311–317 (2007).
Park, D. et al. Conservation of amphibians in South Korea. Das, M. Wilkinson, and H. Heatwole (eds.). (2014).
Groffen, J., Kong, S., Jang, Y. & Borzee, A. The invasive American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in the Republic of Korea: history and recommendations for population control. Manag. Biol. Invasions. 10, 517. https://doi.org/10.3391/mbi.2019.10.3.08 (2019).
Google Scholar
Jang, H. J. & Suh, J. H. Distribution of amphibian species in South Korea. Korean J. Herpetol. 2, 45–51 (2010).
Kim, J. B. Taxonomic list and distribution of Korean amphibians. Korean J. Herpetol. 1, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.5145/KJCM.2010.13.3.144 (2010).
Google Scholar
Liu, X., McGarrity, M. E. & Li, Y. The influence of traditional Buddhist wildlife release on biological invasions. Conserv. Lett. 5, 107–114. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-263X.2011.00215.x (2012).
Google Scholar
Snow, N. P. & Witmer, G. American bullfrogs as invasive species: a review of the introduction, subsequent problems, management options, and future directions. Proc. Vertebrate Pest Conf. 24, 86–89. https://doi.org/10.5070/V424110490 (2010).
Google Scholar
Lee, J. H., & Park, D. The encyclopedia of Korean amphibians. (Nature and Ecology, 2016).
Park, C. D., Lee, C. W., Lim, J. C., Yang, B. G. & Lee, J. H. A study on the diet items of American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in Ga-hang Wetland Korea. J. Ecol. Environ. 32, 55–65. https://doi.org/10.13047/KJEE.2018.32.1.55 (2018).
Google Scholar
Kim, H. W., Adhikari, P., Chang, M. H. & Seo, C. Potential distribution of amphibians with different habitat characteristics in response to climate change in South Korea. Animals 11, 2185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11082185 (2021).
Google Scholar
Adhikari, P., Kim, B. J., Hong, S. H. & Lee, D. H. Climate change induced habitat expansion of nutria (Myocastor coypus) in South Korea. Sci. Rep. 12, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-07347-5 (2022).
Google Scholar
Shim, J. H. et al. A study to determine factors affecting bullfrog decline in Korea. Gwacheon, Republic of Korea. 38. (2005).
Ra, N. Y. et al. Habitat requirements of the Gold-spotted pond frog (Rana chosenica): Implications for conservation and management plans. In 63th Annual Meeting of the Korean Association of Biological Sciences. (2008).
Ministry of Environment. Act on the conservation and use of biological diversity. (2020).
Bellard, C., Genovesi, P. & Jeschke, J. M. Global patterns in threats to vertebrates by biological invasions. Proc. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 283, 20152454. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2015.2454 (2016).
Google Scholar
Blackburn, T. M., Bellard, C. & Ricciardi, A. Alien versus native species as drivers of recent extinctions. Front. Ecol. Environ. 17, 203–207. https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2020 (2019).
Google Scholar
Marino, C., Leclerc, C. & Bellard, C. Profiling insular vertebrates prone to biological invasions: What makes them vulnerable?. Glob. Change Biol. 28, 1077–1090. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15941 (2022).
Google Scholar
Pearl, C. A., Adams, M. J., Bury, R. B. & McCreary, B. Asymmetrical effects of introduced bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) on native ranid frogs in Oregon. Copeia 2004, 11–20. https://doi.org/10.1643/CE-03-010R2 (2004).
Google Scholar
Wu, Z., Li, Y., Wang, Y. & Adams, M. J. Diet of introduced Bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana): predation on and diet overlap with native frogs on Daishan Island, China. J. Herpetol. 39, 668–674. https://doi.org/10.1670/78-05N.1 (2005).
Google Scholar
Liu, X. et al. Diet and prey selection of the Invasive American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in southwestern China. Asian Herpetol. Res. 6, 34–44. https://doi.org/10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.140044 (2015).
Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Lu, P., Zhang, F. & Li, Y. Diet composition of post-metamorphic bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) in the Zhoushan archipelago, Zhejiang Province, China. Front. Biol. China. 3, 219–226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11515-008-0036-8 (2008).
Google Scholar
Da Silva, E. T., Dos Reis, E. P., Feio, R. N. & Ribeiro Filho, O. P. Diet of the invasive frog Lithobates catesbeianus (Shaw, 1802) (Anura: Ranidae) in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. S. Am. J. Herpetol. 4, 286–294. https://doi.org/10.2994/057.004.031 (2009).
Google Scholar
Ortíz-Serrato, L., Ruiz-Campos, G. & Valdez-Villavicencio, J. H. Diet of the exotic American bullfrog, Lithobates catesbeianus, in a stream of northwestern Baja California, Mexico. West. N. Am. Nat. 74, 116–122. https://doi.org/10.3398/064.074.0112 (2014).
Google Scholar
Ryan, M. J. The reproductive behavior of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana). Copeia 1, 108–114 (1980).
Google Scholar
Gahl, M. K., Calhoun, A. J. & Graves, R. Facultative use of seasonal pools by American bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana). Wetlands 29, 697–703. https://doi.org/10.1672/08-56.1 (2009).
Google Scholar
Louette, G., Devisscher, S. & Adriaens, T. Control of invasive American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus in small shallow water bodies. Eur. J. Wildl. Res. 59, 105–114 (2013).
Google Scholar
Descamps, S. & De Vocht, A. Movements and habitat use of the invasive species Lithobates catesbeianus in the valley of the Grote Nete (Belgium). Belg. J. Zool. 146, 90–100. https://doi.org/10.26496/bjz.2016.44 (2016).
Google Scholar
Willis, Y. L., Moyle, D. L. & Baskett, T. S. Emergence, breeding, hibernation, movements and transformation of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana in Missouri. Copeia 1956, 30–41 (1956).
Google Scholar
Cooper, M. C. Movement, Habitat, and Home Range of Introduced Bullfrogs (Lithobates Catesbeianus) on Mad River Gravel Ponds (Humboldt Co., CA, USA), With Implications for Hydro-Modification as a Method of Management. Dissertation, Humboldt State University. https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/etd/40 (2017).
Updated guidelines for reporting animal research. Percie du Sert, N. et al. The ARRIVE guidelines 2.0. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 40, 1769–1777. https://doi.org/10.1177/0271678X20943823 (2020).
Google Scholar
Stebbins, R. C. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians (Houghton Mifflin, 2003).
Howard, R. D. Alternative mating behaviors of young male bullfrogs. Am. Zool. 24, 397–406. https://doi.org/10.1093/icb/24.2.397 (1984).
Google Scholar
Lee, J. H., Jang, H. J., & Suh, J. H. Ecological Guide Book of Herpetofauna in Korea. 56–142 (National Institute of Environmental Research, 2011).
Schmidt, K. & Schwarzkopf, L. Visible implant elastomer tagging and toe-clipping: Effects of marking on locomotor performance of frogs and skinks. Herpetol. J. 20, 99–105 (2010).
Heyer, R., Donnelly, M. A., Foster, M., & Mcdiarmid, R. Measuring and Monitoring Biological Diversity: Standard Methods for Amphibians. (Smithsonian Institution, 2014).
Muths, E. A radio transmitter belt for small ranid frogs. Herpetol. Rev. 34, 345–347 (2003).
McGarrity, M. E. & Johnson, S. A. A radio telemetry study of invasive Cuban treefrogs. Florida Sci. 73, 225–235 (2010).
Stinner, J., Zarlinga, N. & Orcutt, S. Overwintering behavior of adult bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, in northeastern Ohio. Ohio. J. Sci. 94, 8–13 (1994).
Wassens, S., Watts, R. J., Jansen, A. & Roshier, D. Movement patterns of southern bell frogs (Litoria raniformis) in response to flooding. Wildl. Res. 35, 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1071/WR07095 (2008).
Google Scholar
Bury, R. B., & Whelan, J. A. Ecology and management of the bullfrog (Vol. 155) (US Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985).
Sepulveda, A. J. & Layhee, M. Description of fall and winter movements of the introduced American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) in a Montana, USA, pond. Herpetol. Conserv. Biol. 10, 978–984 (2015).
Ingram, W. M. & Raney, E. C. Additional studies on the movement of tagged bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana Shaw. Am. Midl. Nat. 29, 239–241 (1943).
Google Scholar
Wang, Y. & Li, Y. Habitat selection by the introduced American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) on Daishan Island, China. J. Herpetol. 43, 205–211. https://doi.org/10.1670/0022-1511-43.2.205 (2009).
Google Scholar
Werner, E. E., Wellborn, G. A. & McPeek, M. A. Diet composition in postmetamorphic bullfrogs and green frogs: implications for interspecific predation and competition. J. Herpetol. 29, 600–607 (1995).
Google Scholar
Yoo, M. S., Ra, C. H., Kwon, H. B., Kim, J. Y. & Kang, S. G. Reproductive cycle and maturation induction of oocytes in Rana rugosa. Korean J. Zool. 38, 96–105 (1995).
Chung, H. H. A Study on the Ecological Characteristics, Capture and Use of Bullfrog. Dissertation, Chosun University. (2002).
Hirai, T. Diet composition of introduced bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, in the Mizorogaike Pond of Kyoto, Japan. Ecol. Res. 19, 375–380. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1703.2004.00647.x (2004).
Google Scholar
Quagliata, S., Delfino, G., Giachi, F. & Malentacchi, C. Chemical skin defence in the Eastern fire-bellied toad Bombina orientalis: an ultrastructural approach to the mechanism of poison gland rehabilitation after discharge. Acta. Herpetol. https://doi.org/10.1400/181560 (2008).
Google Scholar
Lee, J. H. & Park, D. Effects of body size, operational sex ratio, and age on pairing by the Asian toad, Bufo stejnegeri. Zool. Stud. 48, 334–332 (2009).
Kim, I. H., Ham, C. H., Jang, S. W., Kim, E. Y. & Kim, J. B. Determination of breeding season, and daily pattern of calling behavior of the endangered Suweon-tree frog (Hyla suweonensis). Korean J. Herpetol. 4, 23–29 (2012).
Jancowski, K. & Orchard, S. Stomach contents from invasive American bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana (= Lithobates catesbeianus) on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. NeoBiota. 16, 17–37. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.16.3806 (2013).
Google Scholar
An, D. & Waldman, B. Enhanced call effort in Japanese tree frogs infected by amphibian chytrid fungus. Biol. Lett. 12, 20160018. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2016.0018 (2016).
Google Scholar
Borzée, A. et al. Temporal and spatial differentiation in microhabitat use: Implications for reproductive isolation and ecological niche specification. Integr. Zool. 11, 375–387. https://doi.org/10.1111/1749-4877.12200 (2016).
Google Scholar
Borzee, A. et al. Yellow sea mediated segregation between North East Asian Dryophytes species. PLoS ONE 15, e0234299. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234299 (2020).
Google Scholar
Park, J. K., Kim, J. B. & Do, Y. Examination of physiological and morphological differences between farm-bred and wild black-spotted pond frogs (Pelophylax nigromaculatus). Life. 11, 1089. https://doi.org/10.3390/life11101089 (2021).
Google Scholar
Peterson, A. C., Richgels, K. L., Johnson, P. T. & McKenzie, V. J. Investigating the dispersal routes used by an invasive amphibian, Lithobates catesbeianus, in human-dominated landscapes. Biol. Invasions. 15, 2179–2191. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-013-0442-y (2013).
Google Scholar
Austin, J. D., Dávila, J. A., Lougheed, S. C. & Boag, P. T. Genetic evidence for female-biased dispersal in the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana (Ranidae). Mol. Ecol. 12, 3165–3172. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01948.x (2003).
Google Scholar
Doubledee, R. A., Muller, E. B. & Nisbet, R. M. Bullfrogs, disturbance regimes, and the persistence of California red-legged frogs. J. Wildl. Manage. 67, 424–438 (2003).
Google Scholar
Hanselmann, R. et al. Presence of an emerging pathogen of amphibians in introduced bullfrogs Rana catesbeiana in Venezuela. Biol. Conserv. 120, 115–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2004.02.013 (2004).
Google Scholar
Adams, M. J., & Pearl, C. A. Problems and opportunities managing invasive bullfrogs: is there any hope? In Biological Invaders in Inland Waters: Profiles, Distribution, and Threats. 679–693 (Springer, 2007).
Fisher, M. C. & Garner, T. W. The relationship between the emergence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, the international trade in amphibians and introduced amphibian species. Fungal. Biol. Rev. 21, 2–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbr.2007.02.002 (2007).
Google Scholar
IUCN. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2021–3. https://www.iucnredlist.org. Accessed on [10.02.2022].
Ministry of Environment. Enforcement decree of the wildlife protection and management act. (2018).
Source: Ecology - nature.com
