Myers, N., Mittermeier, R. A., Mittermeier, C. G., Da Fonseca, G. A. & Kent, J. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403, 853–858 (2000).
Google Scholar
Lionello, P. et al. In Mediterranean Climate Variability Vol. 4 (eds Lionello, P. et al.) 1–26 (Elsevier, 2006).
Molina, M., Sánchez, E. & Gutiérrez, C. Future heat waves over the Mediterranean from an euro-coRDeX regional climate model ensemble. Sci. Rep. 10, 1–10 (2020).
Google Scholar
Bucchignani, E., Mercogliano, P., Panitz, H.-J. & Montesarchio, M. Climate change projections for the Middle East-North Africa domain with COSMO-CLM at different spatial resolutions. Adv. Clim. Change 9, 66–80 (2018).
Google Scholar
García, N., Cuttelod, A. & Malak, D. A. The Status and Distribution of Freshwater Biodiversity in Northern Africa (IUCN, 2010).
Di Castri, F. & Mooney, H. A. Mediterranean Type Ecosystems: Origin and Structure Vol. 7 (Springer Science & Business Media, 2012).
Stoks, R., Geerts, A. N. & De Meester, L. Evolutionary and plastic responses of freshwater invertebrates to climate change: Realized patterns and future potential. Evol. Appl. 7, 42–55 (2014).
Google Scholar
Wellborn, G. A., Skelly, D. K. & Werner, E. E. Mechanisms creating community structure across a freshwater habitat gradient. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 27, 337–363 (1996).
Google Scholar
Arribas, P. et al. Dispersal ability rather than ecological tolerance drives differences in range size between lentic and lotic water beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae). J. Biogeogr. 39, 984–994 (2012).
Google Scholar
Hof, C., Brändle, M. & Brandl, R. Lentic odonates have larger and more northern ranges than lotic species. J. Biogeogr. 33, 63–70 (2006).
Google Scholar
Vannote, R. L., Minshall, G. W., Cummins, K. W., Sedell, J. R. & Cushing, C. E. The river continuum concept. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37, 130–137 (1980).
Google Scholar
Ibàñez, C., Prat, N. & Canicio, A. Changes in the hydrology and sediment transport produced by large dams on the lower Ebro river and its estuary. Regul. Rivers Res. Manag. 12, 51–62 (1996).
Google Scholar
Kondolf, G., Rubin, Z. & Minear, J. Dams on the Mekong: Cumulative sediment starvation. Water Resour. Res. 50, 5158–5169 (2014).
Google Scholar
Pringle, C. M., Freeman, M. C. & Freeman, B. J. Regional effects of hydrologic alterations on riverine macrobiota in the new world: Tropical-temperate comparisons. Bioscience 50, 807–823 (2000).
Google Scholar
Liu, X. et al. Effects of dams and their environmental impacts on the genetic diversity and connectivity of freshwater mussel populations in Poyang Lake Basin, China. Freshw. Biol. 65, 264–277 (2020).
Google Scholar
Barbarossa, V. et al. Impacts of current and future large dams on the geographic range connectivity of freshwater fish worldwide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 117, 3648–3655 (2020).
Google Scholar
López-Moreno, J. I. et al. Dam effects on droughts magnitude and duration in a transboundary basin: The Lower River Tagus, Spain and Portugal. Water Resour. Res. 45, W02405 (2009).
Google Scholar
McMahon, T. & Finlayson, B. Droughts and anti-droughts: The low flow hydrology of Australian rivers. Freshw. Biol. 48, 1147–1160 (2003).
Google Scholar
Aguiar, F. C. & Ferreira, M. T. Human-disturbed landscapes: effects on composition and integrity of riparian woody vegetation in the Tagus River basin, Portugal. Environ. Conserv. 32, 30–41 (2005).
Google Scholar
Costa, M. J., Vasconcelos, R., Costa, J. & Cabral, H. River flow influence on the fish community of the Tagus estuary (Portugal). Hydrobiologia 587, 113–123 (2007).
Google Scholar
Dallas, H. F. The influence of biotope availability on macroinvertebrate assemblages in South African rivers: Implications for aquatic bioassessment. Freshw. Biol. 52, 370–380 (2007).
Google Scholar
Demars, B. O., Kemp, J. L., Friberg, N., Usseglio-Polatera, P. & Harper, D. M. Linking biotopes to invertebrates in rivers: Biological traits, taxonomic composition and diversity. Ecol. Indic. 23, 301–311 (2012).
Google Scholar
Wallace, J. B. Recovery of lotic macroinvertebrate communities from disturbance. Environ. Manag. 14, 605–620 (1990).
Google Scholar
Boulton, A. J. Parallels and contrasts in the effects of drought on stream macroinvertebrate assemblages. Freshw. Biol. 48, 1173–1185 (2003).
Google Scholar
Desrosiers, M. et al. Assessing anthropogenic pressure in the St. Lawrence River using traits of benthic macroinvertebrates. Sci. Total Environ. 649, 233–246 (2019).
Google Scholar
Durance, I. & Ormerod, S. J. Climate change effects on upland stream macroinvertebrates over a 25-year period. Glob. Change Biol. 13, 942–957 (2007).
Google Scholar
Santos, R. et al. Impacts of climate change and land-use scenarios on Margaritifera margaritifera, an environmental indicator and endangered species. Sci. Total Environ. 511, 477–488 (2015).
Google Scholar
Junior, R. F. V. et al. Impacts of land use conflicts on riverine ecosystems. Land Use Policy 43, 48–62 (2015).
Google Scholar
Fonseca, A., Fernandes, L. S., Fontainhas-Fernandes, A., Monteiro, S. & Pacheco, F. The impact of freshwater metal concentrations on the severity of histopathological changes in fish gills: A statistical perspective. Sci. Total Environ. 599, 217–226 (2017).
Google Scholar
Ferreira, A., Fernandes, L. S., Cortes, R. & Pacheco, F. Assessing anthropogenic impacts on riverine ecosystems using nested partial least squares regression. Sci. Total Environ. 583, 466–477 (2017).
Google Scholar
Fernandes, L. S., Fernandes, A., Ferreira, A., Cortes, R. & Pacheco, F. A partial least squares—Path modeling analysis for the understanding of biodiversity loss in rural and urban watersheds in Portugal. Sci. Total Environ. 626, 1069–1085 (2018).
Google Scholar
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate Change 2014–Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects (Cambridge University Press, 2014).
Khelifa, R. Flight period, apparent sex ratio and habitat preferences of the Maghribian endemic Calopteryx exul Selys, 1853 (Odonata: Zygoptera). Revue d’Ecologie (La Terre et La Vie) 68, 37–45 (2013).
Khelifa, R. & Mellal, M. K. Host-plant-based restoration as a potential tool to improve conservation status of odonate specialists. Insect Conserv. Divers. 10(2), 151–160. https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12212 (2017).
Google Scholar
Khelifa, R. et al. A hotspot for threatened Mediterranean odonates in the Seybouse River (Northeast Algeria): Are IUCN population sizes drastically underestimated?. Int. J. Odonatol. 19, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/13887890.2015.1133331 (2016).
Google Scholar
Boudot, J.-P. Calopteryx exul. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e.T60287A72725790. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2301.RLTS.T60287A72725790.en. Downloaded on 72725729 January 72722021. (2018).
Martin, R. Contribution à l’étude des Neuroptères de l’Afrique. II. Les odonates du département de Constantine. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Fr. 79, 95–104 (1910).
Chelli, A., Zebsa, R. & Khelifa, R. Discovery of a new population of the endangered Calopteryx exul in central North Algeria (Odonata: Calopterygidae). Not. Odonatol. 9, 150–154 (2019).
Feyen, L. & Dankers, R. Impact of global warming on streamflow drought in Europe. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 114, D17116 (2009).
Google Scholar
Schneider, C., Laizé, C., Acreman, M. & Florke, M. How will climate change modify river flow regimes in Europe?. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 17, 325–339 (2013).
Google Scholar
Dudgeon, D. et al. Freshwater biodiversity: Importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. Biol. Rev. 81, 163–182 (2006).
Google Scholar
Strayer, D. L. & Dudgeon, D. Freshwater biodiversity conservation: Recent progress and future challenges. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 29, 344–358 (2010).
Google Scholar
Van Vliet, M. & Zwolsman, J. Impact of summer droughts on the water quality of the Meuse river. J. Hydrol. 353, 1–17 (2008).
Google Scholar
Caruso, B. Temporal and spatial patterns of extreme low flows and effects on stream ecosystems in Otago, New Zealand. J. Hydrol. 257, 115–133 (2002).
Google Scholar
Stanley, E. H., Fisher, S. G. & Grimm, N. B. Ecosystem expansion and contraction in streams. Bioscience 47, 427–435 (1997).
Google Scholar
Truchy, A. et al. Habitat patchiness, ecological connectivity and the uneven recovery of boreal stream ecosystems from an experimental drought. Glob. Change Biol. 26, 3455–3472 (2020).
Google Scholar
Boulton, A. J. & Lake, P. S. Effects of drought on stream insects and its ecological consequences. Aquatic insects: Challenges to populations 81–102 (CABI, 2008).
Andersen, C. B., Lewis, G. P. & Sargent, K. A. Influence of wastewater-treatment effluent on concentrations and fluxes of solutes in the Bush River, South Carolina, during extreme drought conditions. Environ. Geosci. 11, 28–41 (2004).
Google Scholar
Wada, Y., Van Beek, L. P., Wanders, N. & Bierkens, M. F. Human water consumption intensifies hydrological drought worldwide. Environ. Res. Lett 8, 034036 (2013).
Google Scholar
Aldous, A., Fitzsimons, J., Richter, B. & Bach, L. Droughts, floods and freshwater ecosystems: Evaluating climate change impacts and developing adaptation strategies. Mar. Freshw. Res. 62, 223–231 (2011).
Google Scholar
Conley, D. J. et al. Controlling eutrophication: Nitrogen and phosphorus. Science 123, 1014–1015 (2009).
Google Scholar
Park, T.-J. et al. Development of water quality criteria of ammonia for protecting aquatic life in freshwater using species sensitivity distribution method. Sci. Total Environ. 634, 934–940 (2018).
Google Scholar
Reggam, A., Bouchelaghem, E.-H., Hanane, S. & Houhamdi, M. Effects of anthropogenic activities on the quality of surface water of Seybouse River (northeast of the Algeria). Arab. J. Geosci. 10, 219 (2017).
Google Scholar
Khelifa, R. et al. Long-range movements of an endangered endemic damselfly Calopteryx exul Selys, 1853 (Calopterygidae: Odonata). Afr. J. Ecol. 52, 375–377 (2014).
Khelifa, R. Partial bivoltinism and emergence patterns in the North African endemic damselfly Calopteryx exul: Conservation implications. Afr. J. Ecol. 55, 145–151 (2017).
Google Scholar
Adams, H. D. et al. Temperature sensitivity of drought-induced tree mortality portends increased regional die-off under global-chang-type drought. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 7063–7066 (2009).
Google Scholar
Scrimgeour, G. J. & Winterbourn, M. J. Effects of floods on epilithon and benthic macroinvertebrate populations in an unstable New Zealand river. Hydrobiologia 171, 33–44 (1989).
Google Scholar
Giller, P., Sangpradub, N. & Twomey, H. Catastrophic flooding and macroinvertebrate community structure. Verh. Int. Ver. Theor. Angew. Limnol. 24, 1724–1729 (1991).
Siva-Jothy, M. T., Gibbons, D. W. & Pain, D. Female oviposition-site preference and egg hatching success in the damselfly Calopteryx splendens xanthostoma. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 37, 39–44 (1995).
Google Scholar
Stettmer, C. Colonisation and dispersal patterns of banded (Calopteryxsplendens) and beautiful demoiselles (C. virgo) (Odonata: Calopterygidae) in south-east German streams. Eur. J. Entomol. 93, 579–593 (1996).
Chaput-Bardy, A., Grégoire, A., Baguette, M., Pagano, A. & Secondi, J. Condition and phenotype-dependent dispersal in a damselfly, Calopteryx splendens. PLoS ONE 5, e10694 (2010).
Google Scholar
Ward, L. & Mill, P. Long range movements by individuals as a vehicle for range expansion in Calopteryx splendens (Odonata: Zygoptera). Eur. J. Entomol. 104, 195 (2007).
Google Scholar
Mellal, M. K., Bensouilah, M., Houhamd, M. & Khelifa, R. Reproductive habitat provisioning promotes survival and reproduction of the endangered endemic damselfly Calopteryx exul. J. Insect Conserv. 22, 563–570 (2018).
Google Scholar
Cordero-Rivera, A. & Stoks, R. In Dragonflies and Damselflies: Model Organisms for Ecological and Evolutionary Research (ed. Córdoba-Aguilar, A.) 7–20 (Oxford University Press, 2008).
Iglesias, A., Garrote, L., Flores, F. & Moneo, M. Challenges to manage the risk of water scarcity and climate change in the Mediterranean. Water Resour. Manag. 21, 775–788 (2007).
Google Scholar
Barnett, T. P. et al. Human-induced changes in the hydrology of the western United States. Science 319, 1080–1083 (2008).
Google Scholar
Samways, M. J. et al. Value of artificial ponds for aquatic insects in drought-prone southern Africa: A review. Biodivers. Conserv. 29, 3131–3150 (2020).
Google Scholar
Deacon, C., Samways, M. J. & Pryke, J. S. Aquatic insects decline in abundance and occupy low-quality artificial habitats to survive hydrological droughts. Freshw. Biol. 64, 1643–1654 (2019).
Google Scholar
Briggs, A. J., Pryke, J. S., Samways, M. J. & Conlong, D. E. Complementarity among dragonflies across a pondscape in a rural landscape mosaic. Insect Conserv. Divers. 12, 241–250 (2019).
Google Scholar
Geist, J. Integrative freshwater ecology and biodiversity conservation. Ecol. Indic. 11, 1507–1516 (2011).
Google Scholar
Brooks, A. J., Chessman, B. C. & Haeusler, T. Macroinvertebrate traits distinguish unregulated rivers subject to water abstraction. J. North Am. Benthol. Soc. 30, 419–435 (2011).
Google Scholar
Garibaldi, L. A. et al. Working landscapes need at least 20% native habitat. Conserv. Lett. https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12773 (2020).
Google Scholar
Vincent, A. & Fleury, P. Development of organic farming for the protection of water quality: Local projects in France and their policy implications. Land Use Policy 43, 197–206 (2015).
Google Scholar
Bengtsson, J., Ahnström, J. & Weibull, A. C. The effects of organic agriculture on biodiversity and abundance: A meta-analysis. J. Appl. Ecol. 42, 261–269 (2005).
Google Scholar
Lichtenberg, E. M. et al. A global synthesis of the effects of diversified farming systems on arthropod diversity within fields and across agricultural landscapes. Glob. Change Biol. 23, 4946–4957 (2017).
Google Scholar
ABHCSM. A.G.I.R.E (Agence nationale de la gestion intégrée des ressources en eau) (2016). Rapport sur l’analyse de l’année hydrologique (2015–2016) du barrage Hammam Debagh. Agence de bassin hydrographique Constantinois-Seybouse-Mellegue (2016).
Fick, S. E. & Hijmans, R. J. WorldClim 2: New 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. Int. J. Climatol. 37, 4302–4315 (2017).
Google Scholar
Harris, I., Jones, P. D., Osborn, T. J. & Lister, D. H. Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations—the CRU TS3. 10 Dataset. Int. J. Climatol. 34, 623–642 (2014).
Google Scholar
Wildlife Conservation Society—WCS and Center for International Earth Science Information Network—CIESIN—Columbia University (NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC), 2005).
Vicente-Serrano, S. M. & Staff. The Climate Data Guide: Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). Retreived from https://climatedataguide.ucar.edu/climate-data/standardized-precipitation-evapotranspiration-index-spei (2015).
D’Orangeville, L. et al. Drought timing and local climate determine the sensitivity of eastern temperate forests to drought. Glob. Change Biol. 24, 2339–2351 (2018).
Google Scholar
Khelifa, R. Females ‘assist’ sneaker males to dupe dominant males in a rare endemic damselfly: Sexual conflict at its finest. Ecology 100, e02811 (2019).
Google Scholar
R Development Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, 2020).
Laake, J. RMark: An R Interface for Analysis of Capture–Recapture Data with MARK, AFSC Processed Rep 2013-01 (Alaska Fish. Sci. Cent., NOAA, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2013).
Burnham, K. P. Design and Analysis Methods for Fish Survival Experiments Based on Release-Recapture Vol. 5 (America Fisheries Society Monograph, 1987).
Amstrup, S. C., McDonald, T. L. & Manly, B. F. Handbook of Capture–Recapture Analysis (Princeton University Press, 2010).
Source: Ecology - nature.com