Sala, O. E. et al. Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100. Science 287, 1770–1774 (2000).
Google Scholar
Sakai, A. K. et al. The population biology of invasive species. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 32, 305–312 (2001).
Google Scholar
Buckingham, G. R. Biological control of alligator weed, Alternanthera philoxeroides, the world’s first aquatic weed success story. Castanea 61, 232–243 (1996).
Bassett, I., Paynter, Q., Hankin, R. & Beggs, J. R. Characterising alligator weed (Alternanthera philoxeroides; Amaranthaceae) invasion at a northern New Zealand lake. New Zeal. J. Ecol. 36, 216–222 (2012).
Chatterjee, A. & Dewanji, A. Effect of varying Alternanthera philoxeroides (alligator weed) cover on the macrophyte species diversity of pond ecosystems: A quadrat-based study. Aquat. Invasions 9, 343–355 (2014).
Google Scholar
Xu, C. Y., Zhang, W. J., Fu, C. Z. & Lu, B. R. Genetic diversity of alligator weed in China by RAPD analysis. Biodivers. Conserv. 12, 637–645 (2003).
Google Scholar
Wang, B. R., Li, W. G. & Wang, J. B. Genetic diversity of Alternanthera philoxeroides in China. Aquat. Bot. 81, 277–283 (2005).
Google Scholar
Geng, Y. P. et al. Phenotypic plasticity of invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides in relation to different water availability, compared to its native congener. Acta. Oecol. 30, 380–385 (2006).
Google Scholar
Pan, X. Y., Geng, Y. P., Zhang, W. J., Li, B. & Chen, J. K. The influence of abiotic stress and phenotypic plasticity on the distribution of invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides along a riparian zone. Acta. Oecol. 30, 333–341 (2006).
Google Scholar
Peng, X. M. et al. Vegetative propagation capacity of invasive alligator weed through small stolon fragments under different treatments. Sci. Rep. 7, 43826. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43826 (2017).
Google Scholar
Dugdale, T., Clements, D., Hunt, T. & Butler, K. Alligator weed produces viable stem fragments in response to herbicide treatment. J. Aquat. Plant Manag. 48, 84–91 (2010).
Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Yin, T. F., Liu, C. X. & Lou, F. L. The invasive wetland plant Alternanthera philoxeroides shows a higher tolerance to waterlogging than its native congener Alternanthera sessilis. PloS One 8, e81456. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081456 (2013).
Google Scholar
Tao, Y., Chen, F., Wan, K. Y., Li, X. W. & Li, J. Q. The structural adaptation of aerial parts of invasive Alternanthera philoxeroides to water regime. J. Plant Biol. 52, 403–410 (2009).
Google Scholar
Wang, N. et al. Clonal integration supports the expansion from terrestrial to aquatic environments of the amphibious stoloniferous herb Alternanthera philoxeroides. Plant Biol. 11, 483–489 (2009).
Google Scholar
Fan, S. F. et al. The effects of complete submergence on the morphological and biomass allocation response of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides. Hydrobiologia 746, 159–169 (2015).
Google Scholar
Wang, H. F. et al. Effects of submergence on growth, survival and recovery growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides. J. Wuhan Bot. Res. 26, 147–152 (2008).
Zhang, H. J. et al. Effects of submergence and eutrophication on the morphological traits and biomass allocation of the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides. J. Freshw. Ecol. 31, 341–349 (2016).
Google Scholar
Sun, J. F. et al. Addition of Phosphorus and nitrogen support the invasiveness of Alternanthera philoxeroides under water stress. Clean Soil Air Water 48, 2000059. https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.202000059 (2020).
Google Scholar
Zhou, J., Li, H. L., Alpert, P., Zhang, M. X. & Yu, F. H. Fragmentation of the invasive, clonal plant Alternanthera philoxeroides decreases its growth but not its competitive effect. Flora 228, 17–23 (2017).
Google Scholar
Danckwerts, J. E. & Gordon, A. J. Long-term partitioning, storage and remobilization of 14C assimilated by Trifolium repens (cv. Blanc). Ann. Bot. 64, 533–544 (1989).
Google Scholar
Corre, N., Bouchart, V., Ourry, A. & Boucaud, J. Mobilization of nitrogen reserves during regrowth of defoliated Trifolium repens L. and identification of potential vegetative storage proteins. J. Exp. Bot. 47, 1111–1118 (1996).
Google Scholar
Granstedt, R. C. & Huffaker, R. C. Identification of the leaf vacuole as a major nitrate storage pool. Plant Physiol. 70, 410–413 (1982).
Google Scholar
Dong, B. C. et al. How internode length, position and presence of leaves affect survival and growth of Alternanthera philoxeroides after fragmentation?. Evol. Ecol. 24, 1447–1461 (2010).
Google Scholar
Wu, Y. J., Du, T. S. & Wang, L. X. Isotope signature of maize stem and leaf and investigation of transpiration and water transport. Agric. Water Manag. 247, 106727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106727 (2021).
Google Scholar
Khaitov, B. et al. Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra)—Growth and phytochemical compound secretion in degraded lands under drought stress. Sustainability 13, 2923. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052923 (2021).
Google Scholar
Poorter, H., Remkes, C. & Lambers, H. Carbon and nitrogen economy of 24 wild species differing in relative growth rate. Plant Physiol. 94, 621–627 (1990).
Google Scholar
Mommer, L. & Visser, E. J. W. Underwater photosynthesis in flooded terrestrial plants: A matter of leaf plasticity. Ann. Bot. Lond. 96, 581–589 (2005).
Google Scholar
Gibbs, J. & Greenway, H. Review: Mechanisms of anoxia tolerance in plants I. Growth, survival and anaerobic catabolism. Funct. Plant Biol. 30, 353 (2003).
Google Scholar
Wang, H. F. et al. Survival and growth response of Vetiveria zizanioides, Acorus calamus and Alternanthera philoxeroides to long-term submergence. Acta Ecol. Sinica 28, 2571–2580 (2008).
Google Scholar
Singh, H. B., Singh, B. B. & Ram, P. C. Submergence tolerance of rain fed lowland rice: Search for physiological marker traits. J. Plant Physiol. 158, 883–889 (2001).
Google Scholar
Das, K. K., Sarkar, R. K. & Ismail, A. M. Elongation ability and nonstructural carbohydrate levels in relation to submergence tolerance in rice. Plant Sci. 168, 131–136 (2005).
Google Scholar
Laan, P. & Blom, C. W. P. M. Growth and survival responses of Rumex species to flooded and submerged conditions: The importance of shoot elongation, underwater photosynthesis and reserve carbohydrates. J. Exp. Bot. 228, 775–783 (1990).
Google Scholar
Lynn, D. E. & Waldren, S. Survival of Ranunculus repens L. (Creeping Buttercup) in an amphibious habitat. Ann. Bot. Lond. 91, 75–84 (2003).
Google Scholar
Kende, H., van deer Knaap, E. & Cho, H. T. Deep water rice: A model plant to study stem elongation. Plant Physiol. 118, 1105–1110 (1998).
Google Scholar
Voesenek, L. A. C. J. et al. Plant hormones regulate fast shoot elongation under water: From genes to communities. Ecology 85, 16–27 (2003).
Google Scholar
Voesenek, L. A. C. J. et al. How plants cope with complete submergence. New Phytol. 170, 213–226 (2006).
Google Scholar
Groeneveld, H. W. & Voesenek, L. A. C. J. Submergence-induced petiole elongation in Rumex palustris is controlled by developmental stage and storage compounds. Plant Soil. 253, 115–123 (2003).
Google Scholar
Jackson, M. B. & Colmer, T. D. Response and adaptation by plants to flooding stress. Ann. Bot. Lond. 96, 501–505 (2005).
Google Scholar
Banach, K. et al. Differences in flooding tolerance between species from two wetland habitats with contrasting hydrology: Implications for vegetation development in future floodwater retention areas. Ann. Bot Lond. 103, 341–351 (2009).
Google Scholar
Bailey-Serres, J. & Voesenek, L. A. C. J. Flooding stress: Acclimations and genetic diversity. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 59, 313–339 (2008).
Google Scholar
Kawano, N., Ito, O. & Sakagami, J. I. Morphological and physiological responses of rice seedlings to complete submergence (flash flooding). Ann. Bot. Lond. 103, 161–169 (2009).
Google Scholar
Luo, F. L. et al. Recovery dynamics of growth, photosynthesis and carbohydrate accumulation after de-submergence: A comparison between two wetland plants showing escape and quiescence strategies. Ann. Bot. Lond. 107, 49–63 (2011).
Google Scholar
Akman, M. et al. Wait or escape? Contrasting submergence tolerance strategies of Rorippa amphibia, Rorippa sylvestris and their hybrid. Ann. Bot. Lond. 109, 1263–1275 (2012).
Google Scholar
He, J. B. et al. Survival tactics of Ranunculus species in river floodplains. Oecologia 118, 1–8 (1999).
Google Scholar
Julien, M. H., Bourne, A. S. & Low, V. H. K. Growth of the weed Alternanthera philoxeroides (Martius) Grisebach, (alligator weed) in aquatic and terrestrial habitats in Australia. Plant Prot. Q. 7, 102–108 (1992).
Mauchamp, A., Blanch, S. & Grillas, P. Effects of submergence on the growth of Phragmites australis seedlings. Aquat. Bot. 69, 147–164 (2001).
Google Scholar
Chen, H. J., Qualls, R. G. & Miller, G. C. Adaptive responses of Lepidium latifolium to soil flooding: Biomass allocation, adventitious rooting, aerenchyma formation and ethylene production. Environ. Exp. Bot. 48, 119–128 (2002).
Google Scholar
Shen, J. Y., Shen, M. Q., Wang, X. H. & Lu, Y. T. Effect of environmental factors on shoot emergence and vegetative growth of alligatrorweed (Alternanthera philoxeroides). Weed Sci. 53, 471–478 (2005).
Google Scholar
Schooler, S. S. Alternanthera philoxeroides (Martius) Grisebach. A Handbook of Global Freshwater Invasive Species (ed. Francis, R. A.) 25–35 (Earthscan, 2012).
Blom, C. W. P. M. & Voesenek, L. A. C. J. Flooding: The survival strategies of plants. Trends Ecol. Evol. 11, 290–295 (1996).
Google Scholar
Vartapetian, B. B. & Jackson, M. B. Plant adaptations to anaerobic stress. Ann. Bot-London 79, 3–20 (1997).
Google Scholar
Visser, E. J. W., Bögemann, G. M., Van De Steeg, H. M., Pierik, R. & Blom, C. W. P. M. Flooding tolerance of Carex species in relation to field distribution and aerenchyma formation. New Phytol. 148, 93–103 (2000).
Google Scholar
Ruprecht, E., Fenesi, A. & Nijs, I. Are plasticity in functional traits and constancy in performance traits linked with invasiveness? An experimental test comparing invasive and naturalized plant species. Biol. Invasions 16, 1359–1372 (2014).
Google Scholar
Poorter, H. et al. Biomass allocation to leaves, stems and roots: Meta-analyses of interspecific variation and environmental control. New Phytol. 193, 30–50 (2012).
Google Scholar
Fu, H. et al. An alternative mechanism for shade adaptation: Implication of allometric responses of three submersed macrophytes to water depth. Ecol. Res. 27, 1087–1094 (2012).
Google Scholar
The weather network. https://www.tianqi.com/
Source: Ecology - nature.com