Chesson, P. General theory of competitive coexistence in spatially-varying environments. Theor. Popul. Biol. 58, 211–237 (2000).
Hubbell, S. P. The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography (Princeton Univ. Press, 2001).
Ellner, S. P., Snyder, R. E., Adler, P. B. & Hooker, G. An expanded modern coexistence theory for empirical applications. Ecol. Lett. 22, 3–18 (2019).
Rosenzweig, M. L. Paradox of enrichment: destabilization of exploitation ecosystems in ecological time. Science 171, 385–387 (1971).
Costantino, R. F., Cushing, J. M., Dennis, B. & Desharnais, R. A. Experimentally induced transitions in the dynamic behaviour of insect populations. Nature 375, 227–230 (1995).
Fussmann, G. F., Ellner, S. P., Shertzer, K. W. & Hairston, N. G. Jr. Crossing the Hopf bifurcation in a live predator-prey system. Science 290, 1358–1360 (2000).
Dalziel, B. D. et al. Persistent chaos of measles epidemics in the prevaccination United States caused by a small change in seasonal transmission patterns. PLoS Comput. Biol. 12, e1004655 (2016).
Darwin, C. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (John Murray, 1859).
Gause, G. F. Experimental analysis of Vito Volterra’s mathematical theory of the struggle for existence. Science 79, 16–17 (1934).
Hutchinson, G. E. The paradox of the plankton. Am. Nat. 95, 137–145 (1961).
Google Scholar
Chesson, P. Multispecies competition in variable environments. Theor. Popul. Biol. 45, 227–276 (1994).
Google Scholar
McCann, K., Hastings, A. & Huxel, G. R. Weak trophic interactions and the balance of nature. Nature 395, 794–798 (1998).
Rooney, N., McCann, K., Gellner, G. & Moore, J. C. Structural asymmetry and the stability of diverse food webs. Nature 442, 265–269 (2006).
Coyte, K. Z., Schluter, J. & Foster, K. R. The ecology of the microbiome: networks, competition, and stability. Science 350, 663–666 (2015).
May, R. M. Host-parasitoid systems in patchy environments: a phenomenological model. J. Anim. Ecol. 47, 833–844 (1978).
Google Scholar
Briggs, C. J. & Hoopes, M. F. Stabilizing effects in spatial parasitoid–host and predator–prey models: a review. Theor. Popul. Biol. 65, 299–315 (2004).
Vicsek, T. & Zafeiris, A. Collective motion. Phys. Rep. 517, 71–140 (2012).
Google Scholar
Berdahl, A., Torney, C. J., Ioannou, C. C., Faria, J. J. & Couzin, I. D. Emergent sensing of complex environments by mobile animal groups. Science 339, 574–576 (2013).
Nagy, M., Akos, Z., Biro, D. & Vicsek, T. Hierarchical group dynamics in pigeon flocks. Nature 464, 890–893 (2010).
Dalziel, B. D., Corre, M. L., Côté, S. D. & Ellner, S. P. Detecting collective behaviour in animal relocation data, with application to migrating caribou. Methods Ecol. Evol. 7, 30–41 (2015).
Google Scholar
Torney, C. J. et al. Inferring the rules of social interaction in migrating caribou. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 373, 20170385 (2018).
Fryxell, J. M., Mosser, A., Sinclair, A. R. E. & Packer, C. Group formation stabilizes predator–prey dynamics. Nature 449, 1041–1043 (2007).
Vicsek, T., Czirók, A., Ben-Jacob, E., Cohen, I. & Shochet, O. Novel type of phase transition in a system of self-driven particles. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1226 (1995).
Google Scholar
Buhl, J. et al. From disorder to order in marching locusts. Science 312, 1402–1406 (2006).
King, A. J., Fehlmann, G., Biro, D., Ward, A. J. & Fürtbauer, I. Re-wilding collective behaviour: an ecological perspective. Trends Ecol. Evol. 33, 347–357 (2018).
Sumpter, D. J. T. Collective Animal Behavior (Princeton Univ. Press, 2010).
Guttal, V. & Couzin, I. D. Social interactions, information use, and the evolution of collective migration. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 107, 16172–16177 (2010).
Google Scholar
Barbier, M. & Watson, J. R. The spatial dynamics of predators and the benefits and costs of sharing information. PLoS Comput. Biol. 12, e1005147 (2016).
Lotka, A. J. Analytical note on certain rhythmic relations in organic systems. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 6, 410–415 (1920).
Google Scholar
Rosenzweig, M. L. & MacArthur, R. H. Graphical representation and stability conditions of predator-prey interactions. Am. Nat. 97, 209–223 (1963).
Google Scholar
Couzin, I. D., Krause, J., James, R., Ruxton, G. D. & Franks, N. R. Collective memory and spatial sorting in animal groups. J. Theor. Biol. 218, 1–11 (2002).
Couzin, I. D., Krause, J., Franks, N. R. & Levin, S. A. Effective leadership and decision-making in animal groups on the move. Nature 433, 513–516 (2005).
MacArthur, R. H. Population ecology of some warblers of northeastern coniferous forests. Ecology 39, 599–619 (1958).
Google Scholar
Dalziel, B. D., Thomann, E., Medlock, J. & De Leenheer, P. Global analysis of a predator-prey model with variable predator search rate. J. Math. Biol. 81, 159–183 (2020).
Lukas, D. & Clutton-Brock, T. Social complexity and kinship in animal societies. Ecol. Lett. 21, 1129–1134 (2018).
Purves, D. W., Lichstein, J. W., Strigul, N. & Pacala, S. W. Predicting and understanding forest dynamics using a simple tractable model. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 105, 17018–17022 (2008).
Google Scholar
Dalziel, B. D. et al. Urbanization and humidity shape the intensity of influenza epidemics in U.S. cities. Science 362, 75–79 (2018).
Monk, C. T. et al. How ecology shapes exploitation: a framework to predict the behavioural response of human and animal foragers along exploration-exploitation trade-offs. Ecol. Lett. 21, 779–793 (2018).
Hutchins, D. A. & Fu, F. Microorganisms and ocean global change. Nat. Microbiol. 2, 17058 (2017).
Zakem, E. J. et al. Ecological control of nitrite in the upper ocean. Nat. Commun. 9, 1206 (2018).
Axtell, R. L. Zipf distribution of U.S. firm sizes. Science 293, 1818–1820 (2001).
Turchin, P. et al. Quantitative historical analysis uncovers a single dimension of complexity that structures global variation in human social organization. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 115, E144–E151 (2018).
Google Scholar
Press, W. H. Numerical Recipes in C (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1986).
Source: Ecology - nature.com