Ekor, M. The growing use of herbal medicines: Issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety. Front. Pharmacol. 4, 177–187 (2013).
Jamshidi-Kia, F., Lorigooini, Z. & Amini-Khoei, H. Medicinal plants: Past history and future perspective. J. Herbmed. Pharmacol. 7(1), 1–7 (2018).
Google Scholar
Yuan, H., Ma, Q., Ye, L. & Piao, G. The traditional medicine and modern medicine from natural products. Molecules 21, 559–577 (2016).
Google Scholar
Ali, H., Khan, E. & Ilahi, I. Environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology of hazardous heavy metals: Environmental persistence, toxicity, and bioaccumulation. J. Chem. 1–14 (2019).
Jedrejek, D. et al. Comparative phytochemical, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and haemostatic studies of Taraxacum officinale root preparations. Food Chem. Toxicol. 126, 233–247 (2019).
Google Scholar
British Hebal Medicine Association, Available from: http://www.bhma.info.
Kabata-Pendias, A. & Pendias, H. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants 3rd edn. (CRC Press, 2001).
Petrova, S., Yurukova, L. & Velcheva, I. Taraxacum officinale as a biomonitor of metals and toxic elements (Plovdiv, Bulgaria). Bul. J. Agric. Sci. 19, 241–247 (2013).
Kano, N. et al. Study on the behavior and removal of cadmium and zinc using Taraxacum officinale and gazania under the application of biodegradable chelating agents. Appl. Sci. 11, 1557–1574 (2021).
Google Scholar
Hammammi, H. et al. Weeds ability to phytoremediate cadmium-contaminated soil. Intern. J. Phyt. 18(1), 48–53 (2016).
Google Scholar
Spychalski, G. Determinations of growing herbs in Polish agriculture. Herba polonica 59(4), 6–18 (2013).
Google Scholar
Różański, L. Vademecum of pesticides 97/98. Agra-Enviro Lab. (1998).
Rajeswara, R. B. R. et al. Cultivation Technology for Economically Important Medicinal Plants in Advances in Medicinal Plants, ed. Reddy K.J, Bahadur B., Bhadraiah B., Rao M. L. N., Universities Press (2015).
Agro-techniques of selected medicinal plants, National Medicinal Plants Board, India, (2008).
Almeida, F., Rodrigues, M. L. & Coelho, C. The still underestimated problem of fungal diseases worldwide. Front. Microbiol. 10, 1–5 (2019).
Google Scholar
Bruni, R., Bellardi, M. G. & Parrella, G. Change in chemical composition of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) essential oil caused by alfalfa mosaic virus. J. Phytopat. 164, 202–206 (2016).
Google Scholar
Damalas, C. A. & Koutroubas, S. D. Farmers’ exposure to pesticides: Toxicity types and ways of prevention. Toxics 4, 1–10 (2016).
Google Scholar
Lazo, C. R., Miller, G. W. Thiram, Encyclopedia of Toxicology (Third Edition), Wexler P, US National Library of Medicine, MD, USA, pp. 558–559 (Bethesda 2014).
Dias, M. C. Phytotoxicity: An overview of the physiological responses of plants exposed to fungicides. J. Botany 2012, 1–4 (2012).
Google Scholar
Gupta, B., Rani, M. & Kumar, R. Degradation of thiram in water, soil and plants: A study by high-performance liquid chromatography. Biomed. Chromat. 26, 69–75 (2012).
Google Scholar
Sá da Silva, V. A. et al. Electrochemical evaluation of pollutants in the environment: Interaction between the metal Ions Zn(II) and Cu(II) with the fungicide thiram in billings dam. Electroanalysis 32, 1–9 (2020).
Google Scholar
Filipe, O. M. S., Costa, C. A. E., Vidal, M. M. & Santos, E. B. H. Influence of soil copper content on the kinetics of thiram adsorption and on thiram leachability from soils. Chemosphere 90, 432–440 (2013).
Google Scholar
Adamczyk-Szabela, D., Romanowska-Duda, Z., Lisowska, K. & Wolf, W. M. Heavy metal uptake by Herbs. V. metal accumulation and physiological effects induced by thiuram in Ocimum basilicum L. Water Air Soil Pollut. 228, 334 (2017).
Google Scholar
Oliva, J. et al. Disappearance of six pesticides in fresh and processed zucchini, bioavailability and health risk assessment. Food Chem. 229, 172–177 (2017).
Google Scholar
Adamczyk-Szabela, D., Lisowska, K., Romanowska-Duda, Z. & Wolf, W. M. Associated effects of cadmium and copper alter the heavy metals uptake by Melissa Offcinalis. Molecules 24, 2458 (2019).
Google Scholar
Adamczyk-Szabela, D., Lisowska, K., Romanowska-Duda, Z. & Wolf, W. M. Combined cadmium-zinc interactions alter manganese, lead, copper uptake by Melissa officinalis. Sci. Rep. 10, 1675–1686 (2020).
Google Scholar
PN-ISO 10390:1997. Agricultural Chemical Analysis of the Soil. Determination of pH. 1997. Available from accessed 20 April 2019; http://sklep.pkn.pl/pn-iso-10390-1997p.html.
ASTM D2974-00, 2000. Standard Test Methods for Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of Peat and Other Organic Soils. Method D 2974–00; American Society for Testing and Materials: West Conshohocken, PA, USA.
Schumacher, B. A. Methods for the Determination of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) in Soils and Sediments (United States Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Sciences Division National Exposure Research Laboratory, 2002).
PN-R-04024:1997 Chemical and agricultural analysis of soil – Determination of available phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and manganese in organic soils, accessed 25 April 2017; http://sklep.pkn.pl/pn-r-04024–1997p.html.
Sherif, A. M., Elhussein, A. A. & Osman, A. G. Biodegradation of fungicide thiram (TMTD) in soil under laboratory conditions. Am. J. Biotech. Mol. Sci. 1(2), 57–68 (2011).
Google Scholar
Adamczyk-Szabela, D., Markiewicz, J. & Wolf, W. M. Heavy metal uptake by herbs. IV. Influence of soil pH on the content of heavy metals in Valeriana offcinalis L. Water Air Soil Pollut. 226, 106–114 (2015).
Dybczyński, R. et al. Preparation and preliminary certification of two new Polish CRMs for inorganic trace analysis. J. Radioanal. Nuc. Chem. 259, 409–413 (2004).
Google Scholar
Piotrowski, K., Romanowska-Duda, Z. B. & Grzesik, M. How Biojodis and cyanobacteria alleviate the negative influence of predicted environmental constraints on growth and physiological activity of corn plants. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 25, 741–751 (2016).
Google Scholar
Kalaji, M. H. et al. Frequently asked questions about chlorophyll fluorescence, the sequel. Photosynth. Res. 122, 121–127 (2016).
Google Scholar
Mantzos, N. et al. QuEChERS and solid phase extraction methods for the determination of energy crop pesticides in soil, plant and runoff water matrices. Int. J. Eviron. Anal. Chem. 93(15), 1566–1584 (2013).
Google Scholar
Goodson, D. Z. Mathematical Methods for Physical and Analytical Chemistry (Wiley, 2011).
Google Scholar
Razali, N. M. & Wah, Y. B. Power comparisons of Shapiro-Wilk, Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Lilliefors and Anderson-Darling tests. J. Stat. Model Anal. 2, 21–33 (2011).
Bordens, K. S. & Abbott, B. B. Research Design and Methods: A Process Approach 8th edn, 432–450 (McGraw-Hill, 2011).
Galal, T. M. & Shehata, H. S. Bioaccumulation and translocation of heavy metals by Plantago major L. grown in contaminated soils under the effect of traffic pollution. Ecol. Ind. 48, 244–251 (2015).
Google Scholar
Liu, K. et al. Major factors influencing cadmium uptake from the soil into wheat plants. Ecotoxi. Environ. Saf. 113, 207–213 (2015).
Google Scholar
Shi, G. R. & Cai, Q. S. Photosynthetic and anatomic responses of peanut leaves to zinc stress. Biolog. Plantarum 53(2), 391–394 (2009).
Google Scholar
Testiati, E. et al. Trace metal and metalloid contamination levels in soils and two native plant species of a former industrial site: Evaluation of the phytostabilization potential. J. Hazard Mat. 248–249, 131–141 (2013).
Google Scholar
Xiao, R. et al. Fractionation, transfer and ecological risks of heavy metals in riparian and ditch wetlands across a 100-year chronsequence of reclamation in estuary of China. Sci. Total Environ. 517, 66–75 (2015).
Google Scholar
Wang, S., Zhao, Y., Guo, J. & Zhou, L. Effects of Cd, Cu and Zn on Ricinus communis L. Growth in single element or co-contaminated soils: Pot experiments. Ecolog. Eng. 90, 347–351 (2016).
Google Scholar
IUSS Working Group WRB World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2006. World Soil Resources Reports No. 103. (FAO)
Regulation of the Minister of Environment 01.08.2016. Journal of Laws of Poland, Item 1395
Antsotegi-Uskola, M., Markina-Iñarrairaegui, A. & Ugalde, U. New insights into copper homeostasis in filamentous fungi. Int. Microbiol. 23, 65–73 (2020).
Google Scholar
Kabata-Pendias, A. & Pendias, H. Biogeochemistry of Trace Elements (PWN, 1999).
Emamverdian, A., Ding, Y., Mokhberdoran, F. & Xie, Y. Heavy metal stress and some mechanisms of plant defense response. The Sci. World J. 1–18 (2015).
Maznah, Z., Halimah, M. & Ismaill, B. S. Evaluation of the persistence and leaching behaviour of thiram fungicide in soil, water and oil palm leaves. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 100, 677–682 (2018).
Google Scholar
Thomas, K. The environmental fate and behaviour of antifouling paint booster biocides: A review. Biofouling 17, 73–86 (2001).
Google Scholar
EPA. United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA, 2004).
Gomes de Melo, B. A., Motta, F. L. & Santana, M. H. A. Humic acids: Structural properties and multiple functionalities for novel technological developments. Mater. Sci. Eng. C. 62, 967–974 (2016).
Google Scholar
Gupta, B., Rani, M., Kumar, R. & Dureja, P. Identification of degradation products of thiram in water, soil and plants using LC-MS technique. J. Environ. Sci. Health, Part B 47, 823–831 (2012).
Google Scholar
Adamczyk, D. The effect of thiuram on the uptake of lead and copper by Melissa officinalis. Environ. Eng. Sci. 23, 610–614 (2006).
Google Scholar
Adamczyk, D. & Jankiewicz, B. The effect of thiuram on the uptake of copper, zinc and manganese by Valeriana officinalis L. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 17(5), 823–826 (2008).
Google Scholar
Singh, N., Gupta, V. K., Kumar, A. & Sharma, B. Synergistic effects of heavy metals and pesticides in living systems. Front. Chem. 5(70), 1–9 (2017).
Skiba, E., Adamczyk-Szabela, D. & Wolf, W. M. Metal-based nanoparticles’ interactions with plants. In Plant Responses to Nanomaterials Recent Interventions, and Physiological and Biochemical Responses (eds Singh, V. P. et al.) 145–169 (Springer, 2021).
Google Scholar
Glebov, E. M., Grivin, V. P., Plyusnin, V. F. & Udaltsov, A. V. Manganese(II) complexes with diethylamine in aqueous solutions. J. Struct. Chem. 47, 476–483 (2006).
Google Scholar
Liaoa, Y., Zhanga, S. & Dryfe, R. Electroless copper plating using dimethylamine borane as reductant. Particuology 10, 487–491 (2012).
Google Scholar
Alejandro, S., Höller, S., Meier, B. & Peiter, E. Manganese in plants: From acquisition to subcellular allocation. Front. Plant Sci. 26, 1–23 (2020).
Yruela, I. Transition metals in plant photosynthesis. Metallomics 5, 1090–1109 (2013).
Google Scholar
Yüzbaşıoğlu, E. & Dalyan, E. Salicylic acid alleviates thiram toxicity by modulating antioxidant enzyme capacity and pesticide detoxification systems in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.). Plant Physiol. Biochem. 135, 322–330 (2019).
Google Scholar
Beauchamp, R. O. et al. A critical review of the literature on carbon disulfide toxicity. CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 11, 169–278 (1983).
Google Scholar
Norton, R., Mikkelsen, R. & Jensen, T. Sulfur for plant nutrition. Better Crops 97, 10–12 (2013).
Abdallah, M. et al. Effect of mineral sulphur availability on nitrogen and sulphur uptake and remobilization during the vegetative growth of Brassica napus L. J. Exp. Bot. 61, 2635–2646 (2010).
Google Scholar
Source: Ecology - nature.com
