Ault, T. R. On the essentials of drought in a changing climate. Science 368, 256–260 (2020).
Google Scholar
Rodell, M. et al. Emerging trends in global freshwater availability. Nature 557, 651–659 (2018).
Google Scholar
Green, J. K. et al. Large influence of soil moisture on long-term terrestrial carbon uptake. Nature 565, 476–479 (2019).
Google Scholar
Reichstein, M. et al. Climate extremes and the carbon cycle. Nature 500, 287–295 (2013).
Google Scholar
Goulden, M. L. & Bales, R. C. California forest die-off linked to multi-year deep soil drying in 2012–2015 drought. Nat. Geosci. 12, 632–637 (2019).
Google Scholar
Brodribb, T. J., Powers, J., Cochard, H. & Choat, B. Hanging by a thread? Forests and drought. Science 368, 261–266 (2020).
Google Scholar
Seneviratne, S. I. et al. Investigating soil moisture–climate interactions in a changing climate: a review. Earth Sci. Rev. 99, 125–161 (2010).
Google Scholar
Short Gianotti, D. J., Rigden, A. J., Salvucci, G. D. & Entekhabi, D. Satellite and station observations demonstrate water availability’s effect on continental-scale evaporative and photosynthetic land surface dynamics. Water Resour. Res. 55, 540–554 (2019).
Anderegg, W. R. L., Trugman, A. T., Bowling, D. R., Salvucci, G. & Tuttle, S. E. Plant functional traits and climate influence drought intensification and land–atmosphere feedbacks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 116, 14071–14076 (2019).
Google Scholar
Jung, M. et al. Recent decline in the global land evapotranspiration trend due to limited moisture supply. Nature 467, 951–954 (2010).
Google Scholar
Novick, K. A. et al. The increasing importance of atmospheric demand for ecosystem water and carbon fluxes. Nat. Clim. Chang. 6, 1023–1027 (2016).
Google Scholar
Liu, Y., Kumar, M., Katul, G. G., Feng, X. & Konings, A. G. Plant hydraulics accentuates the effect of atmospheric moisture stress on transpiration. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 691–695 (2020).
Google Scholar
Gupta, A., Rico-Medina, A. & Caño-Delgado, A. I. The physiology of plant responses to drought. Science 368, 266–269 (2020).
Google Scholar
Wolf, S. et al. Warm spring reduced carbon cycle impact of the 2012 US summer drought. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, 5880–5885 (2016).
Google Scholar
Teuling, A. J. et al. Evapotranspiration amplifies European summer drought. Geophys. Res. Lett. 40, 2071–2075 (2013).
Mastrotheodoros, T. et al. More green and less blue water in the Alps during warmer summers. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 155–161 (2020).
Peterson, T. J., Saft, M., Peel, M. C. & John, A. Watersheds may not recover from drought. Science 372, 745–749 (2021).
Google Scholar
Helbig, M. et al. Increasing contribution of peatlands to boreal evapotranspiration in a warming climate. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 555–560 (2020).
Google Scholar
Massmann, A., Gentine, P. & Lin, C. When does vapor pressure deficit drive or reduce evapotranspiration? J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. 11, 3305–3320 (2019).
Grossiord, C. et al. Plant responses to rising vapor pressure deficit. New Phytol. 226, 1550–1566 (2020).
Orth, R. & Destouni, G. Drought reduces blue-water fluxes more strongly than green-water fluxes in Europe. Nat. Commun. 9, 3602 (2018).
Pendergrass, A. G. et al. Flash droughts present a new challenge for subseasonal-to-seasonal prediction. Nat. Clim. Chang. 10, 191–199 (2020).
Chu, H., Baldocchi, D. D., John, R., Wolf, S. & Reichstein, M. Fluxes all of the time? A primer on the temporal representativeness of FLUXNET. J. Geophys. Res. Biogeosci. 122, 289–307 (2017).
Ukkola, A. M. et al. Land surface models systematically overestimate the intensity, duration and magnitude of seasonal-scale evaporative droughts. Environ. Res. Lett. 11, 104012 (2016).
Trugman, A. T., Medvigy, D., Mankin, J. S. & Anderegg, W. R. L. Soil moisture stress as a major driver of carbon cycle uncertainty. Geophys. Res. Lett. 45, 6495–6503 (2018).
De Kauwe, M. G. et al. Do land surface models need to include differential plant species responses to drought? Examining model predictions across a mesic–xeric gradient in Europe. Biogeosciences 12, 7503–7518 (2015).
Dong, J., Lei, F. & Crow, W. T. Land transpiration–evaporation partitioning errors responsible for modeled summertime warm bias in the central United States. Nat. Commun. 13, 336 (2022).
Google Scholar
Kennedy, D. et al. Implementing plant hydraulics in the Community Land Model, version 5. J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst. 11, 485–513 (2019).
Novick, K. A. et al. Confronting the water potential information gap. Nat. Geosci. 15, 158–164 (2022).
Google Scholar
Liu, Y., Holtzman, N. M. & Konings, A. G. Global ecosystem-scale plant hydraulic traits retrieved using model–data fusion. Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 25, 2399–2417 (2021).
Google Scholar
Lin, Y.-S. et al. Optimal stomatal behaviour around the world. Nat. Clim. Chang. 5, 459–464 (2015).
Google Scholar
Fan, Y., Miguez-Macho, G., Jobbágy, E. G., Jackson, R. B. & Otero-Casal, C. Hydrologic regulation of plant rooting depth. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, 10572–10577 (2017).
Google Scholar
Anderegg, W. R. L. et al. Hydraulic diversity of forests regulates ecosystem resilience during drought. Nature 561, 538–541 (2018).
Google Scholar
Lehmann, P., Merlin, O., Gentine, P. & Or, D. Soil texture effects on surface resistance to bare-soil evaporation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 45, 10398–10405 (2018).
Fatichi, S. et al. Soil structure is an important omission in Earth System Models. Nat. Commun. 11, 522 (2020).
Google Scholar
McCormick, E. L. et al. Widespread woody plant use of water stored in bedrock. Nature 597, 225–229 (2021).
Google Scholar
Baldocchi, D., Ma, S. & Verfaillie, J. On the inter- and intra-annual variability of ecosystem evapotranspiration and water use efficiency of an oak savanna and annual grassland subjected to booms and busts in rainfall. Glob. Chang. Biol. 27, 359–375 (2021).
Google Scholar
Condon, L. E., Atchley, A. L. & Maxwell, R. M. Evapotranspiration depletes groundwater under warming over the contiguous United States. Nat. Commun. 11, 873 (2020).
Google Scholar
Maxwell, R. M. & Condon, L. E. Connections between groundwater flow and transpiration partitioning. Science 353, 377–380 (2016).
Google Scholar
Humphrey, V. et al. Sensitivity of atmospheric CO2 growth rate to observed changes in terrestrial water storage. Nature 560, 628–631 (2018).
Google Scholar
Mankin, J. S., Seager, R., Smerdon, J. E., Cook, B. I. & Williams, A. P. Mid-latitude freshwater availability reduced by projected vegetation responses to climate change. Nat. Geosci. 12, 983–988 (2019).
Google Scholar
Strassburg, B. B. N. et al. Global priority areas for ecosystem restoration. Nature 586, 724–729 (2020).
Google Scholar
Zhao, M. et al. Ecological restoration impact on total terrestrial water storage. Nat. Sustain. 4, 56–62 (2021).
Feng, X. et al. Revegetation in China’s Loess Plateau is approaching sustainable water resource limits. Nat. Clim. Chang. 6, 1019–1022 (2016).
Guan, K. et al. Photosynthetic seasonality of global tropical forests constrained by hydroclimate. Nat. Geosci. 8, 284–289 (2015).
Google Scholar
Fan, Y., Li, H. & Miguez-Macho, G. Global patterns of groundwater table depth. Science 339, 940–943 (2013).
Google Scholar
Zhao, M., Geruo, A., Velicogna, I. & Kimball, J. S. A global gridded dataset of GRACE drought severity index for 2002–14: comparison with PDSI and SPEI and a case study of the Australia Millennium Drought. J. Hydrometeorol. 18, 2117–2129 (2017).
Watkins, M. M., Wiese, D. N., Yuan, D.-N., Boening, C. & Landerer, F. W. Improved methods for observing Earth’s time variable mass distribution with GRACE using spherical cap mascons. J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth 120, 2648–2671 (2015).
Wiese, D. N., Landerer, F. W. & Watkins, M. M. Quantifying and reducing leakage errors in the JPL RL05M GRACE mascon solution. Water Resour. Res. 52, 7490–7502 (2016).
Adler, R. F. et al. The Version-2 Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly precipitation analysis (1979–present). J. Hydrometeorol. 4, 1147–1167 (2003).
Sun, Q. et al. A review of global precipitation data sets: data sources, estimation, and intercomparisons. Rev. Geophys. 56, 79–107 (2018).
Gebremichael, M. et al. Error uncertainty analysis of GPCP monthly rainfall products: a data-based simulation study. J. Appl. Meteorol. 42, 1837–1848 (2003).
Rodell, M. et al. Basin scale estimates of evapotranspiration using GRACE and other observations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31, L20504 (2004).
Major River Basins of the World (Global Runoff Data Centre, 2020).
Pascolini-Campbell, M. A., Reager, J. T. & Fisher, J. B. GRACE-based mass conservation as a validation target for basin-scale evapotranspiration in the contiguous United States. Water Resour. Res. 56, e2019WR026594 (2020).
Fekete, B. M., Vörösmarty, C. J. & Grabs, W. High-resolution fields of global runoff combining observed river discharge and simulated water balances. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 16, 15-1–15-10 (2002).
Breiman, L. Random forests. Mach. Learn. 45, 5–32 (2001).
Myneni, R., Knyazikhin, Y. & Park, T (ed. NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC) (2021).
Hersbach, H. et al. The ERA5 global reanalysis. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 146, 1999–2049 (2020).
Sulla-Menashe, D. & Friedl, M. A. User Guide to Collection 6 MODIS Land Cover (MCD12Q1 and MCD12C1) Product (US Geological Survey, 2018).
Zhao, M., Aa, G., Liu, Y. & Konings, A. Evapotranspiration frequently increases during droughts. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6842054 (2022).
Source: Ecology - nature.com
