Davis, K. F., Downs, S. & Gephart, J. A. Towards food supply chain resilience to environmental shocks. Nat. Food 2, 54–65 (2021).
Google Scholar
Lempert, R. J. & Collins, M. T. Managing the risk of uncertain threshold responses: comparison of robust, optimum, and precautionary approaches. Risk Anal. 27, 1009–1026 (2007).
Google Scholar
Garnett, P., Doherty, B. & Heron, T. Vulnerability of the United Kingdom’s food supply chains exposed by COVID-19. Nat. Food 1, 315–318 (2020).
Google Scholar
Abson, D. J. et al. Leverage points for sustainability transformation. Ambio 46, 30–39 (2017).
Google Scholar
Westley, F. et al. Tipping toward sustainability: emerging pathways of transformation. Ambio 40, 762–780 (2011).
Google Scholar
Steffen, W., Broadgate, W., Deutsch, L., Gaffney, O. & Ludwig, C. The trajectory of the Anthropocene: the Great Acceleration. Anthr. Rev. 2, 81–98 (2015).
Jouffray, J.-B., Blasiak, R., Norström, A. V., Österblom, H. & Nyström, M. The blue acceleration: the trajectory of human expansion into the ocean. One Earth 2, 43–54 (2020).
Google Scholar
Adger, W. N., Eakin, H. & Winkels, A. Nested and teleconnected vulnerabilities to environmental change. Front. Ecol. Environ. 7, 150–157 (2009).
Google Scholar
Nyström, M. et al. Anatomy and resilience of the global production ecosystem. Nature 575, 98–108 (2019).
Google Scholar
Mason, W. & Watts, D. J. Collaborative learning in networks. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 109, 764–769 (2012).
Google Scholar
Helbing, D. Globally networked risks and how to respond. Nature 497, 51–59 (2013).
Google Scholar
Worm, B. & Paine, R. T. Humans as a hyperkeystone species. Trends Ecol. Evol. 31, 600–607 (2016).
Google Scholar
Crutzen, P. J. & Stoermer, E. F. in The Future of Nature (eds Robin, L. et al.) 479–490 (Yale Univ. Press, 2017); https://doi.org/10.12987/9780300188479-041
Ellis, E. C. Anthropogenic transformation of the terrestrial biosphere. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 369, 1010–1035 (2011).
Google Scholar
Senevirante, S. I. et al. in Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis (eds Masson-Delmotte, V. et al.) 1513–1766 (IPCC, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2021).
Frank, A. B. et al. Dealing with femtorisks in international relations. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 17356–17362 (2014).
Google Scholar
Folke, C. et al. Our future in the Anthropocene biosphere. Ambio 50, 834–869 (2021).
Google Scholar
Walker, B. & Salt, D. Resilience Practice: Building Capacity to Absorb Disturbance and Maintain Function (Island Press/Center for Resource Economics, 2012); https://doi.org/10.5822/978-1-61091-231-0
Biggs, R., Schlüter, M. & Schoon, M. L. (eds) Principles for Building Resilience: Sustaining Ecosystem Services in Social–Ecological Systems (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2015); https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316014240
Cervantes Saavedra, M. de & Rutherford, J. Don Quixote: The Ingenious Hidalgo de la Mancha (Penguin, 2003).
Coronese, M., Lamperti, F., Keller, K., Chiaromonte, F. & Roventini, A. Evidence for sharp increase in the economic damages of extreme natural disasters. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 116, 21450–21455 (2019).
Google Scholar
Cottrell, R. S. et al. Food production shocks across land and sea. Nat. Sustain. 2, 130–137 (2019).
Google Scholar
Elmqvist, T. et al. Response diversity, ecosystem change, and resilience. Front. Ecol. Environ. 1, 488–494 (2003).
Google Scholar
Arrow, K. J. & Fisher, A. C. Environmental preservation, uncertainty, and irreversibility. Q. J. Econ. 88, 312–319 (1974).
Google Scholar
Dixit, A. K. & Pindyck, R. S. Investment under Uncertainty (Princeton Univ. Press, 1994).
Markowitz, H. Portfolio selection. J. Finance 7, 77–91 (1952).
Sharpe, W. F. Capital asset prices: a theory of market equilibrium under conditions of risk. J. Finance 19, 425–442 (1964).
Cifdaloz, O., Regmi, A., Anderies, J. M. & Rodriguez, A. A. Robustness, vulnerability, and adaptive capacity in small-scale social–ecological systems: the Pumpa Irrigation System in Nepal. Ecol. Soc. 15, art39 (2010).
Google Scholar
Levin, S. A. et al. Governance in the face of extreme events: lessons from evolutionary processes for structuring interventions, and the need to go beyond. Ecosystems 25, 697–711 (2022).
Google Scholar
Peterson, G., Allen, C. R. & Holling, C. S. Ecological resilience, biodiversity, and scale. Ecosystems 1, 6–18 (1998).
Google Scholar
Nyström, M. Redundancy and response diversity of functional groups: implications for the resilience of coral reefs. Ambio 35, 30–35 (2006).
Google Scholar
Kummu, M. et al. Interplay of trade and food system resilience: gains on supply diversity over time at the cost of trade independency. Glob. Food Secur. 24, 100360 (2020).
Google Scholar
Hedblom, M., Andersson, E. & Borgström, S. Flexible land-use and undefined governance: from threats to potentials in peri-urban landscape planning. Land Use Policy 63, 523–527 (2017).
Google Scholar
Haldane, A. Rethinking the Financial Network—Speech by Andy Haldane (Bank of England, 2009); https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/speech/2009/rethinking-the-financial-network
Haldane, A. G. & May, R. M. Systemic risk in banking ecosystems. Nature 469, 351–355 (2011).
Google Scholar
Carpenter, S. R., Brock, W. A., Folke, C., van Nes, E. H. & Scheffer, M. Allowing variance may enlarge the safe operating space for exploited ecosystems. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 14384–14389 (2015).
Google Scholar
Mouillot, D., Graham, N. A. J., Villéger, S., Mason, N. W. H. & Bellwood, D. R. A functional approach reveals community responses to disturbances. Trends Ecol. Evol. 28, 167–177 (2013).
Google Scholar
Leslie, P. & McCabe, J. T. Response diversity and resilience in social–ecological systems. Curr. Anthropol. 54, 114–143 (2013).
Google Scholar
Biggs, R. et al. Toward principles for enhancing the resilience of ecosystem services. Annu. Rev. Environ. Resour. 37, 421–448 (2012).
Google Scholar
Anderies, J. M. Managing variance: key policy challenges for the Anthropocene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, 14402–14403 (2015).
Google Scholar
Csete, M. E. & Doyle, J. C. Reverse engineering of biological complexity. Science 295, 1664–1669 (2002).
Google Scholar
Carlson, J. M. & Doyle, J. Highly optimized tolerance: robustness and design in complex systems. Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 2529–2532 (2000).
Google Scholar
Kitano, H. Biological robustness. Nat. Rev. Genet. 5, 826–837 (2004).
Google Scholar
Csete, M. & Doyle, J. Bow ties, metabolism and disease. Trends Biotechnol. 22, 446–450 (2004).
Google Scholar
Anderies, J. M., Rodriguez, A. A., Janssen, M. A. & Cifdaloz, O. Panaceas, uncertainty, and the robust control framework in sustainability science. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 104, 15194–15199 (2007).
Google Scholar
Rodriguez, A. A., Cifdaloz, O., Anderies, J. M., Janssen, M. A. & Dickeson, J. Confronting management challenges in highly uncertain natural resource systems: a robustness–vulnerability trade-off approach. Environ. Model. Assess. 16, 15–36 (2011).
Google Scholar
Charpentier, A. Insurability of climate risks. Geneva Pap. Risk Insur. Issues Pract. 33, 91–109 (2008).
Google Scholar
Alfieri, L., Feyen, L. & Di Baldassarre, G. Increasing flood risk under climate change: a pan-European assessment of the benefits of four adaptation strategies. Climatic Change 136, 507–521 (2016).
Google Scholar
Isakson, S. R. Derivatives for development? Small-farmer vulnerability and the financialization of climate risk management: small-farmer vulnerability and financialization. J. Agrar. Change 15, 569–580 (2015).
Google Scholar
Müller, B. & Kreuer, D. Ecologists should care about insurance, too. Trends Ecol. Evol. 31, 1–2 (2016).
Google Scholar
Walker, B. et al. Looming global-scale failures and missing institutions. Science 325, 1345–1346 (2009).
Google Scholar
Berkes, F. et al. Globalization, roving bandits, and marine resources. Science 311, 1557–1558 (2006).
Google Scholar
Walker, B. H., Langridge, J. L. & McFarlane, F. Resilience of an Australian savanna grassland to selective and non-selective perturbations. Austral Ecol. 22, 125–135 (1997).
Google Scholar
Polasky, S. et al. Corridors of clarity: four principles to overcome uncertainty paralysis in the Anthropocene. BioScience 70, 1139–1144 (2020).
Google Scholar
Engström, G. et al. Carbon pricing and planetary boundaries. Nat. Commun. 11, 4688 (2020).
Google Scholar
Sun, J. C., Ugolini, S. & Vivier, E. Immunological memory within the innate immune system. EMBO J. https://doi.org/10.1002/embj.201387651 (2014).
Vély, F. et al. Evidence of innate lymphoid cell redundancy in humans. Nat. Immunol. 17, 1291–1299 (2016).
Google Scholar
Grimm, N., Cook, E., Hale, R. & Iwaniec, D. in The Routledge Handbook of Urbanization and Global Environmental Change (eds Seto, K. et al.) Ch. 14 (Routledge, 2015).
Jiang, B., Mak, C. N. S., Zhong, H., Larsen, L. & Webster, C. J. From broken windows to perceived routine activities: examining impacts of environmental interventions on perceived safety of urban alleys. Front. Psychol. 9, 2450 (2018).
Google Scholar
Andersson, E. et al. Urban climate resilience through hybrid infrastructure. Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain. 55, 101158 (2022).
Google Scholar
Douglas, M. & Wildavsky, A. Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technological and Environmental Dangers (Univ. of California Press, 1983).
Weber, E. U., Ames, D. R. & Blais, A.-R. ‘How do I choose thee? Let me count the ways’: a textual analysis of similarities and differences in modes of decision-making in China and the United States. Manage. Organ. Rev. 1, 87–118 (2005).
Google Scholar
Kunreuther, H. et al. in Climate Change 2014: Mitigation of Climate Change (eds Edenhofer, O. et al.) Ch. 2 (IPCC, Cambridge Univ. Press, 2014); https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/2018/02/ipcc_wg3_ar5_chapter2.pdf
Meadows, D. H. Thinking in Systems: A Primer (Earthscan, 2009).
Nyborg, K. et al. Social norms as solutions. Science 354, 42–43 (2016).
Google Scholar
Hall, P. A. & Lamont, M. (eds) Social Resilience in the Neoliberal Era (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2013).
Norström, A. V. et al. Principles for knowledge co-production in sustainability research. Nat. Sustain. 3, 182–190 (2020).
Google Scholar
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Review of Maritime Transport 2017 (United Nations, 2017).
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Review of Maritime Transport 2018 (United Nations, 2019).
Bailey, R. & Wellesley, L. Chatham House Report 2017: Chokepoints and Vulnerabilities in Global Food Trade (Energy, Environment and Resources Department, Chatham House, The Royal Institute of International Affairs, 2017); https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/publications/research/2017-06-27-chokepoints-vulnerabilities-global-food-trade-bailey-wellesley-final.pdf
Khoury, C. K. et al. Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 111, 4001–4006 (2014).
Google Scholar
Hendrickson, M. K. Resilience in a concentrated and consolidated food system. J. Environ. Stud. Sci. 5, 418–431 (2015).
Google Scholar
Öborn, I. et al. Restoring rangelands for nutrition and health for humans and livestock. in The XXIV International Grassland Congress / XI International Rangeland Congress (Sustainable Use of Grassland and Rangeland Resources for Improved Livelihoods) (ed. National Organizing Committee of 2021 IGC/IRC Congress) (Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, 2022).
Vulnerable Supply Chains—Interim Report (Productivity Commission, Australian Government, 2021); https://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/completed/supply-chains/interim
Source: Ecology - nature.com
