Ecology

Origin of the sulphur isotope mass-independent fractionation signal Almost all physical, chemical and biological processes fractionate S-isotopes by the relative mass differences of each isotope, producing Δ33S values that are near-zero27. Sulphur photochemistry is one of the few processes that produces mass-independent fractionation, yielding non-zero Δ33S values16,29,30. As such, S-isotopes have been successfully used in […] More

1. Hoegh-Guldberg, O. Climate change, coral bleaching and the future of the world’s coral reefs. Marine and freshwater research 50, 839–866 (1999). Google Scholar 2. Hughes, T. P. et al. Spatial and temporal patterns of mass bleaching of corals in the Anthropocene. Science 359, 80–83 (2018). 3. Eakin, C., Lough, J., Heron, S. & Liu, […] More

1. Muscatine, L. In Ecosystems of the world 25: Coral reefs (ed. Z. Dubinsky) 75-84 (Elsevier (1990). 2. Glynn, P. W., Maté, J. L., Baker, A. C. & Calderón, M. O. Coral bleaching and mortality in Panama and Ecuador during the 1997–1998 El Niño–Southern Oscillation Event: spatial/temporal patterns and comparisons with the 1982–1983 event. Bull. […] More

1. Muhlfeld, C. C. et al. Hybridization rapidly reduces fitness of a native trout in the wild. Biol. Lett. 5, 328–331 (2009). Article Google Scholar 2. Muhlfeld, C. C. et al. Legacy introductions and climatic variation explain spatiotemporal patterns of invasive hybridization in a native trout. Global Change Biol. 23, 4663–4674 (2017). 3. Goodman, S. […] More

Body morphology and superhydrophobicity The body of Halobates is covered by a variety of specialized hairs (Fig. 1). The very small and densely packed microtrichia (1.5 to 2 µm in length) cover much of its body (both the dorsal and ventral mesothorax, Fig. 1A,B,G,H), while the less abundant setae or macrotrichia (30 µm in length) (Fig. 1H,J) are interspersed among […] More

Influence of basin geodynamics and petroleum fields We applied GIS-based geospatial and geostatistical analyses to evaluate the relationship between hydrocarbon seep distribution, basin geodynamics and petroleum fields (see Methods). Convergent basins include retroarc, forearc, arc-related wrench and foreland basins associated with fold-and-thrust belts and form in geodynamic settings characterised by continental shortening and tectonic loading20 […] More

Predictors of viral sharing We fitted a model designed to partition the contribution of species-level effects and pairwise similarity measures to mammalian viral sharing probability. We used a published database of 1920 mammal–virus associations (excluding humans) as a training dataset5. These data included 591 wild mammal species, equalling 174,345 pairwise host species combinations, with 6.4% […] More

Affiliations Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA J. Nicholas Hendershot , Jeffrey R. Smith , Christopher B. Anderson , Andrew D. Letten , Tadashi Fukami  & Gretchen C. Daily Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA J. Nicholas Hendershot , Jeffrey R. Smith , Christopher B. Anderson  & Gretchen C. Daily Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland […] More