Ecology

Influence of basin geodynamics and petroleum fields We applied GIS-based geospatial and geostatistical analyses to evaluate the relationship between hydrocarbon seep distribution, basin geodynamics and petroleum fields (see Methods). Convergent basins include retroarc, forearc, arc-related wrench and foreland basins associated with fold-and-thrust belts and form in geodynamic settings characterised by continental shortening and tectonic loading20 […] More

Predictors of viral sharing We fitted a model designed to partition the contribution of species-level effects and pairwise similarity measures to mammalian viral sharing probability. We used a published database of 1920 mammal–virus associations (excluding humans) as a training dataset5. These data included 591 wild mammal species, equalling 174,345 pairwise host species combinations, with 6.4% […] More

Affiliations Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA J. Nicholas Hendershot , Jeffrey R. Smith , Christopher B. Anderson , Andrew D. Letten , Tadashi Fukami  & Gretchen C. Daily Center for Conservation Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA J. Nicholas Hendershot , Jeffrey R. Smith , Christopher B. Anderson  & Gretchen C. Daily Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland […] More

Micro-irrigation system This research carried out based on experiments and measurements conducted in 2016 on a corn field with surface drip irrigation system in the location of Urmia University, Iran (detailed given by Azad et al.22). In the mentioned study, the HYDRUS-2D model and the proposed optimization algorithm were calibrated using field data collected by […] More

1. Sala, O. E. et al. Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100. Science. 287, 1770–1774 (2000). 2. Pereira, H. M. et al. Scenarios for Global Biodiversity in the 21st Century. Science. 330, 1496–1501 (2010). 3. Miranda, A., Altamirano, A., Cayuela, L., Pincheira, F. & Lara, A. Different times, same story: Native forest loss and […] More

1. Argos, M. et al. Arsenic exposure from drinking water, and all-cause and chronic-disease mortalities in Bangladesh (HEALS): a prospective cohort study. Lancet 376, 252–258 (2010). 2. Quansah, R. et al. Association of arsenic with adverse pregnancy outcomes/infant mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Environ. Health Perspect. 123, 412–421 (2015). 3. Rosenzweig, M., Pitt, M. […] More

Intraspecific variability at the chromosomal ends The first step of our investigation was the detection and delimitation of the TIRs. De novo assemblies performed following next generation sequencing approaches (NGS) do not allow identifying such large intragenomic duplications (i.e., duplications larger than the read size). However, the size of TIRs can be deduced from the […] More

Synopsis Consistent with a protective role, under static oxic conditions we found that FeII oxidation in the presence of added 13C-DOM resulted in SRO Fe–C associations that not only inhibited the mineralization of 13C-DOM by 35% relative to controls, but also suppressed the priming of native SOM mineralization by 47%, which consequently decreased overall CO2 […] More