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Determining the most abundant species based on gene expression During three consecutive years, an in situ survey (Fig. 1; Supplementary Table S1) of A. minutum blooms was performed in the Bay of Brest (France), resulting in 41 meta-transcriptomic datasets (a total of 16.108 reads). The environmental reads were aligned to a meta-reference (MetaRef2; see methods) composed of […] More
Study area The study was conducted upstream of the tidal area of the Gironde estuary (45°02′45.80″ N, 0°36′41.56″ W), where the Dordogne and Garonne rivers discharge (Southwestern France, Fig. 4). The Garonne-Dordogne hydrographic network hosts one of the largest populations of sea lamprey in Europe20,28. The Dordogne River runs over 475 km (mean flow = 216 m3/s) […] More
1. Moore, J. K., Doney, S. C., Glover, D. M. & Fung, I. Y. Iron cycling and nutrient-limitation patterns in surface waters of the World Ocean. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 49, 463–507 (2001). 2. Tagliabue, A., Aumont, O. & Bopp, L. The impact of different external sources of iron on […] More
Samples of stone tools from the site are routinely screened with optical light microscopy. Previously, individual twisted plant fibres, some of which were multicellular, were reported on stone tools from Abri du Maras6. The authors suggested that these might be remnants of cordage, but the remains were too fragmentary to be conclusive. During further screening […] More
1. Bonfante P, Desirò A. Who lives in a fungus? The diversity, origins and functions of fungal endobacteria living in Mucoromycota. ISME J. 2017;11:1727–35. 2. Pawlowska TE, Gaspar ML, Lastovetsky OA, Mondo SJ, Real-Ramirez I, Shakya E, et al. Biology of fungi and their bacterial endosymbionts. Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2018;56:289–309. 3. Partida-Martínez LP. The fungal […] More
1. Hall, A. R. et al. Diversity–disturbance relationships: frequency and intensity interact. Biol. Lett. 8, 768–771 (2012). 2. Davies, K. W., Svejcar, T. J. & Bates, J. D. Interaction of historical and nonhistorical disturbances maintains native plant communities. Ecol. Appl. 19, 1536–1545 (2009). 3. Svensson, J. R., Lindegarth, M. & Pavia, H. Equal rates of […] More
Variation patterns of ecosystem types in the SNP In 2015, the SNP was dominated by grassland, desert, water body and wetland ecosystems with areas of 6.90 × 104 km2, 4.34 × 104 km2, and 1.04 × 104 km2, respectively, which accounted for 56.2%, 35.2%, and 8.4% of the national park’s total area (Fig. 2). Figure 2 […] More
1. Human, P. & DeLoach, N. Reef Creature Identification. Tropical Pacific. New World Publications, Inc., Jacksonwille, Florida USA (2010). 2. Glynn, P. W. & Enochs, I. C. Invertebrates and their roles in coral reef ecosystems in Coral Reefs: An Ecosystem in Transition Springer (eds. Dubinsky, Z., Stambler, N.) 273–326 (London, 2011). 3. Goldberg, W. M. […] More
