Ecology

Preliminaries: A single, sinking, remineralizing particle We start by considering a single particle, sinking vertically through the ocean at its terminal velocity, wsink. Several early experiments on oceanic particles attempted to characterize sinking rates14 using Stokes’ Law15,16. While departures from Stokes’ theory result from particle shapes deviating from spherical, variations in structural from, porosity, rigidity […] More

1. Chaudhary, S., Dutta, T. K., Shivakumara, T. N. & Rao, U. RNAi of esophageal gland-specific gene Mi-msp-1 alters early stage infection behaviour of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Journal of General Plant Pathology 85(3), 232–242, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-019-00837-x (2019). 2. Sun, S. W. & Sang, L. W. Advances in research on root knot nematode prevention. Modern Agricultural […] More

1. Dirzo, R. et al. Defaunation in the anthropocene. Science 345, 401–406 (2014). 2. McCauley, D. J. et al. Marine defaunation: animal loss in the global ocean. Science 347, 1255641–1255641 (2015). 3. Brose, U. et al. Predicting the consequences of species loss using size-structured biodiversity approaches. Biol. Rev. 92, 684–697 (2016). Article Google Scholar 4. […] More

Different amounts of silk building materials A single H. euryalus cocoon from our sample contained only an outer envelope, i.e., no inner envelope was spun, but the larval pellet and pupal casing were found inside this otherwise normal (size and shape) outer envelope. This cocoon was therefore omitted from our silk analyses. We found that […] More

1. Gallardo, B., Clavero, M., Sanchez, M. I. & Vila, M. Global ecological impacts of invasive species in aquatic ecosystems. Glob. Chang. Biol. 22, 151–163 (2016). 2. Simberloff, D. et al. Impacts of biological invasions: what’s what and the way forward. Trends Ecol. Evol. 28 (2013). 3. Lowry, E. et al. Biological invasions: a field […] More

1. Wilcove, D. S., Rothstein, D., Dubow, J., Phillips, A. & Losos, E. Quantifying Threats to Imperiled Species in the United States. Bioscience 48, 607–615 (1998). Article Google Scholar 2. Stuart, S. N. et al. Status and trends of amphibian declines and extinctions worldwide. Science (80−). 306, 1783–1786 (2004). 3. Griffiths, R. A. & Pavajeau, […] More

In this phase I/II single (only participant) blinded pilot trial, we tested safety and efficacy of A. soehngenii in metabolic syndrome subjects and found that daily ingestion of increasing A. soehngenii doses for 1 month was associated with increased fecal levels of A. soehngenii with greatest efficacy in the subjects who received the highest dose. […] More

Field sampling Investigated site was located in Central Siberia, about 15 km west of Krasnoyarsk (N56°01′41.46″; E92°34′39.30″). Samples were collected from five A. sibirica trees exhibiting typical symptoms of the disease. The trees were approximately 30–50 years-old, 6–13 m high, and 8 –14 cm in dbh. The sampling targeted parts of branches and stems representing discrete cankers (Fig. 2A–C). […] More