Ecology

1. Collins, M. et al. Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility in Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis (eds. Stocker, T. F. et al.), Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University […] More

Ethics statement The sugarcane borer T. intacta larvae and adult moths were reared on artificial diet in the laboratory of Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute (23°8′N, 113°17′E, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China). A laboratory population was kept and maintained at 27 ± 1 °C, 70 ± 10% RH, and 14:10 h L:D. The host-plant sugarcanes (ROC22) were cultivated in the experimental field […] More

The methodological framework of our study was shown in Fig. 1. We firstly reviewed air pollution control policies and measures between 2013 and 2017. We assessed the changes in exhaust emissions and ambient air pollutants during the study period. The reduction in mortality and morbidity from improved air pollution were quantified. Finally, associated economic benefit was […] More

1. Sgrò, C. M., Lowe, A. J. & Hoffmann, A. A. Building evolutionary resilience for conserving biodiversity under climate change. Evol. Appl. 4, 326–337 (2011). 2. Moritz, C. Strategies to protect biological diversity and the evolutionary processes that sustain it. Syst. Biol. 51, 238–254 (2002). 3. Hanson, J. O., Rhodes, J. R., Riginos, C. & […] More

AM generation We firstly pre-mined the available data for further estimation of domestic generation of AM: First, lifetime distribution function of all the relevant products is determined by Supplementary Text 3 and Table 13; Second, data regression is enabled with Supplementary Figs. 7-9 for the annual net production and imported scraps until 2050. In this year China was […] More

1. Schimel, D. S. Terrestrial ecosystems and the carbon-cycle. Glob. Change Biol. 1, 77–91, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00008.x. (1995). 2. Raich, J. W. & Schlesinger, W. H. The global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate. Tellus B 44, 81–99, https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0889.1992.t01-1-00001.x (1992). 3. Schlesinger, W. H. & Andrews, J. A. Soil respiration […] More

The experiment was performed in a commercial area of the Agrodoce Agricultural Group at Boracéia-SP, Brazil, during 2016 to 2018. The location of the experimental area is 22°11’ S and 48°48’ W at 480 m altitude. According to the Köppen classification, the predominant climate in the region is Cwa, which is mainly tropical humid with a […] More

Experimental conditions Dissolved oxygen (DO) and pH levels were stable around our treatment levels throughout ten rounds of experiments for Experiment 1 (max SD for DO: 0.04, max SD for pH: 0.02) and the nine rounds for Experiment 2 (max SD for DO: 0.05, max SD for pH: 0.02) (Table 1). Temperature was not directly controlled […] More