Ecology

Study sites Entomological monitoring was conducted in 12 villages in Migori (−1.0667S; 34.4667E) and Homa Bay (−0.5396S; 34.4565E) counties from July 2016 to February 2018. Six IRS intervention sub-counties were in Migori County, and six control sub-counties were in neighbouring Homa Bay County (n = 4) and unsprayed areas of Migori County (n = 2) (Fig. 1). The residents in […] More

1. Bender, E. A., Case, T. J. & Gilpin, M. E. Perturbation experiments in community ecology: Theory and practice. Ecology 65, 1–13 (1984). Article Google Scholar 2. Novak, M. et al. Characterizing species interactions to understand press perturbations: What is the community matrix? Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 47, 409–432 (2016). Article Google […] More

1. Wu, J., Boyle, E., Sunda, W. & Wen, L. S. Soluble and colloidal iron in the oligotrophic North Atlantic and North. Pacific. Science 293, 847–849 (2001). 2. Kuma, K., Nishioka, J. & Matsunaga, K. Controls on Iron(III) hydroxide solubility in seawater: The influence of pH and natural organic chelators. Limnol. Oceanogr. 41, 396–407 (1996). […] More

Tested algae and culture conditions Two freshwater microalgal species, P. subcapitata (strain CCAP 278/4) and C. vulgaris (strain AG40003), were acquired from the Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP, Scottish Marine Institute, UK) and the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Korea), respectively. Both algal species were maintained […] More

This study is the first to provide information on the edaphic and temporal patterns associated with T. melanosporum FB traits. Our results indicated that each of the examined traits was differently affected by environmental factors. Furthermore, FB weight and Leiodes infestation were subject to interactions among these factors. The number of FBs per dig varied […] More

We collected a total of 296 samples to assess bacterial colonization, shedding, transmission, and detection relative to the experimental inoculation of two groups of ring-billed gulls, each inoculated with a different strain of mcr-1 positive E. coli and housed in separate rooms with contact controls. These samples included 240 swab samples (237 fecal samples and […] More

1. George, L. O. & Bazzaz, F. The fern understory as an ecological filter: emergence and establishment of canopy-tree seedlings. Ecology 80, 833–845 (1999). Article Google Scholar 2. Itô, H. & Hino, T. Dwarf bamboo as an ecological filter for forest regeneration. Ecological Research 22, 706–711 (2007). Article Google Scholar 3. Tiitsaar, A., Kaasik, A. […] More

Agnew P, Koella JC (1999) Life history interactions with environmental conditions in a host–parasite relationship and the parasite’s mode of transmission. Evol Ecol 13(1):67–91 Google Scholar Alout H, Dabire RK, Djogbenou LS, Abate L, Corbel V, Chandre F et al. (2016) Interactive cost of Plasmodium infection and insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. […] More