Ecology

We evaluated dFe bioavailability in 12 water samples from different locations and depths (Table 1; Supplementary Table S1) by conducting ~85 short-term Fe uptake experiments with Fe-limited cultures of 7 different phytoplankton strains varying in size, taxa, and isolation site (Table 2). From these measured Fe uptake rates, we calculated the dFe uptake rate constant for each experiment, […] More

1. Epperson, D. M. & Colleen, D. H. Nestling and hatchling ecology of Gopher tortoises (Gopherus polyphemus) in southern Mississippi. J. Herpetol. 37, 315–324 (2003). Article Google Scholar 2. Campbell, S. P., Steidl, R. J. & Zylstra, E. R. Recruitment of desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii and G. morafkai): a synthesis of reproduction and first-year survival. […] More

1. Heisler, J. P. et al. Eutrophication and harmful algal blooms: a scientific consensus. Harmful Algae 8, 3–13 (2008). 2. O’Neil, J. M., Davis, T. W., Burford, M. A. & Gobler, C. J. The rise of harmful cyanobacteria blooms: The potential roles of eutrophication and climate change. Harmful Algae 14, 313–334 (2012). 3. Wetz, M. […] More

Study system The study was performed from 2012 to 2014 in the Hoya of Guadix-Baza, Granada province, southeast of Spain (37°18′N, 3°11′W). The area is an extensive agricultural landscape with scattered holm oaks (Quercus ilex) where cork-made nest-boxes were placed to favour the reproduction of a cavity-nesting bird community (for more details see41) including scops […] More

More than a quarter of Asian elephants in the world today are semi-captive, living in human care, and yet even the largest of these populations, the ~5,000 timber elephants of Myanmar, is not currently self-sustaining39. One of the most important factors limiting this population is high juvenile mortality4, a substantial proportion of which is likely […] More

1. Clutton-Brock, T. H., Albon, S. D. & Guinness, F. E. Fitness costs of gestation and lactation in wild mammals. Nature 337, 260–262 (1989). 2. Whitehead, H. Babysitting, dive synchrony, and indications of alloparental care in sperm whales. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 38, 237–244 (1996). Article Google Scholar 3. Whitehead, H. Sperm whales: social evolution in […] More

1. Rewicz, T., Grabowski, M., Macneil, C. & Karolina, B. The profile of a ‘perfect’ invader – the case of killer shrimp. Aquat. Invasions 9, 267–288 (2014). Article Google Scholar 2. Dudgeon, D. et al. Freshwater biodiversity: Importance, threats, status and conservation challenges. Biol. Rev. Camb. Philos. Soc. 81, 163–182 (2006). Article Google Scholar 3. […] More

Asian citrus psyllids An uninfected (CLas-free) colony of D. citri was maintained at the U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, FL. The colony was routinely tested to confirm that it was HLB-negative using previously reported PCR methods50. Psyllids were reared on seedlings of a susceptible host, Citrus macrophylla Wester, and maintained at 28 °C, 14:10 L:D. All […] More