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Effects of temperature on total daily locomotor activitiesTo understand the effect of temperature on the daily behavior of Drosophila species distributed in different temperature regions, we examined the daily locomotor activity at different temperatures in the following 11 sequenced Drosophila species: cosmopolitan (D. melanogaster and D. simulans), tropical (D. ananassae, D. erecta, D. yakuba, and D. sechellia), subtropical (D. willistoni and D. mojavensis), and temperate (D. persimilis, D. pseudoobscura, and D. virilis) species. Using the Drosophila Activity Monitor system25, we were able to analyze the amount of daily locomotor activity quantitatively at five experimental temperatures, i.e., 17 °C, 20 °C, 23 °C, 26 °C, and 29 °C. As the viability of the adults of D. persimilis and D. pseudoobscura was low at 29 °C, these two species were analyzed at only four experimental temperatures. First, we compared the amount of daily locomotor activities among these Drosophila species (Supplementary Fig. 1). The ranges of the total daily activity were quite diverse in these species (Kruskal–Wallis test: χ2 = 833.18, p  More