Ecology

Hausmann, N., Robson, H. K. & Bailey, G. Marine abundance and its past in the Baltic: a response to Lewis and co-authors. Nat. Commun. Matters Arising (submitted).Lewis, J. P. et al. Marine resource abundance drove pre-agricultural population increase in Stone Age Scandinavia. Nat. Commun. 11, 2006 (2020).ADS 
CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Fischer, A. et al. Coast-inland mobility and diet in the Danish Mesolithic and Neolithic: evidence from stable isotope values of humans and dogs. J. Archaeol.Sci. 34, 2125–2150 (2007).Article 

Google Scholar 
Stein, J. K., Deo, J. N. & Phillips, L. S. Big sites—short time: accumulation rates in archaeological sites. J. Archaeol. Sci. 30, 297–316 (2003).Article 

Google Scholar 
Andersen, S. H. In Shell Middens in Atlantic Europe (eds N. Milner, O. E. Craig, & G.N Bailey) 31–45 (Oxbow Books, 2007).Cloern, J. E., Foster, S. Q. & Kleckner, A. E. Phytoplankton primary production in the world’s estuarine-coastal ecosystems. Biogeosciences 11, 2477–2501 (2014).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Bennike, O. & Jensen, J. B. Postglacial, relative shore-level changes in Lillebælt, Denmark. Geol. Surv. Den. Greenl. Bull. 23, 37–40 (2011).
Google Scholar 
Bjørnsen, M., Clemmensen, L. B., Murray, A. & Pedersen, K. New evidence of the Littorina transgressions in the Kattegat: Optically stimulated luminescence dating of a beach ridge system on Anholt, Denmark. Boreas 37, 157–168 (2008).Article 

Google Scholar 
Berglund, B. E. et al. Early Holocene history of the Baltic Sea, as reflected in coastal sediments in Blekinge, southeastern Sweden. Quat. Int. 130, 111–139 (2005).Article 

Google Scholar 
Bailey, G., Andersen, S. H. & Maarleveld, T. J. In The Archaeology of Europe’s Drowned Landscapes Coastal Research Library (eds G. Bailey et al.) (2020).Bennike, O., Andresen, K. T., Astrup, P. M., Olsen, J. & Seidenkrantz, M.-S. Late Glacial and Holocene shore-level changes in the Aarhus Bugt area, Denmark. GEUS Bull. 47, 6530 (2021).Article 

Google Scholar 
Rowley-Conwy, P. The laziness of the short-distance hunter: the origins of agriculture in western Denmark. J. Anthropol. Archaeol. 3, 300–324 (1984).Article 

Google Scholar 
Milner, N. In The Archaeology and Historical Ecology of Small Scale Economies (eds V. D. Thompson & J. C. Waggoner Jr.) 16–39 (University Press of Florida, 2013).Shennan, S. et al. Regional population collapse followed initial agriculture booms in mid-Holocene Europe. Nat. Commun. 4, 2486 (2013).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Lewis, J. P. et al. The shellfish enigma across the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in southern Scandinavia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 151, 315–320 (2016).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Robson, H. K. & Ritchie, K. In Working at the sharp end: from bone and antler to Early Mesolithic life in Northern Europe 10 (eds D. Groß, D. Jantzen, H. Lübke, & J. Meadows) 289–303 (Wachholtz-Verlag, 2020).Aaris-Sørensen, K. Diversity and dynamics of the mammalian fauna in Denmark Throughout the last glacial-interglacial cycle, 115-0 kyr BP. Foss. Strat. 57, 1–59 (2009).
Google Scholar 
Boethius, A. & Ahlström, T. Fish and resilience among Early Holocene foragers of southern Scandinavia: A fusion of stable isotopes and zooarchaeology through Bayesian mixing modelling. J. Archaeol. Sci. 93, 196–210 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Bennike, O., Jensen, J. B., Lemke, W., Kuijpers, A. & Lomholt, S. Late- and postglacial history of the Great Belt, Denmark. Boreas 33, 18–33 (2004).Article 

Google Scholar 
Bennike, O., Andreasen, M. S., Jensen, J. B., Moros, M. & Noe-Nygaard, N. Early Holocene sea-level changes in Øresund, southern Scandinavia. Geol. Surv. Den. Greenl. Bull. 26, 29–32, www.geus.dk/publications/bull (2012).
Google Scholar 
Boethius, A., Kjällquist, M., Kielman-Schmitt, M., Ahlström, T. & Larsson, L. Early Holocene Scandinavian foragers on a journey to affluence: Mesolithic fish exploitation, seasonal abundance and storage investigated through strontium isotope ratios by laser ablation (LA‐MC-ICP‐MS). PLoS ONE 16, e0245222 (2021).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Petersen, E. B. & Meiklejohn, C. Historical context of the term ‘Complexity’. Acta Archaeol. 78, 181–192 (2007).Article 

Google Scholar 
Bennike, O., Nørgaard-Pedersen, N., Jensen, J. B., Andresen, K. J. & Seidenkrantz, M.-S. Development of the western Limfjord, Denmark, after the last deglaciation: a review with new data. Bull. Geol. Soc. Den. 67, 53–73 (2019).
Google Scholar 
Clemmensen, L. B., Murray, A. S. & Nielsen, L. Quantitative constraints on the sea-level fall that terminated the Littorina Sea Stage, southern Scandinavia. Quat. Sci. Rev. 40, 54–63 (2012).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mörner, N.-A. Eustatic changes during the last 8,000 years in view of radiocarbon calibration and new information from the Kattegatt region and other northwestern European coastal areas. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 19, 63–85 (1976).Article 

Google Scholar 
Schrøder, N. The Kattegat Island of Anholt: sea-level changes and groundwater formation on an island. J. Transdisciplinary Environ. Stud. 14, 27–49 (2015).
Google Scholar 
Christensen, C. In Denmarks Hunting Stone Age—status and perspectives (eds O. L. Jensen, S. A. Sørensen, & K. M. Hansen) 183–193 (Hørsholm Egns Museum, 2001).Lambeck, K., Rouby, H., Purcell, Y. S. & Sambridge, M. Sea level and global ice volumes from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene. Proc. Natl Acad. U.S.A. 111, 15296–15303 (2014).ADS 
CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar  More

Brown, W. L. Jr. & Wilson, E. O. Character displacement. Syst. Biol. 5, 49–64 (1956).
Google Scholar 
Stuart, Y. E. & Losos, J. B. Ecological character displacement: glass half full or half empty? Trends Ecol. Evol. 28, 402–408 (2013).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Schluter, D. & McPhail, J. D. Ecological character displacement and speciation in sticklebacks. Am. Nat. 140, 85–108 (1992).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Tilman, D., May, R. M., Lehman, C. L. & Nowak, M. A. Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371, 65–66 (1994).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ghoul, M. & Mitri, S. The ecology and evolution of microbial competition. Trends Microbiol. 24, 833–845 (2016).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Pfennig, D. W., Rice, A. M. & Martin, R. A. Ecological opportunity and phenotypic plasticity interact to promote character displacement and species coexistence. Ecology 87, 769–779 (2006).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Bruno, J. F., Stachowicz, J. J. & Bertness, M. D. Inclusion of facilitation into ecological theory. Trends Ecol. Evol. 18, 119–125 (2003).Article 

Google Scholar 
Day, T. & Young, K. A. Competitive and facilitative evolutionary diversification. Bioscience 54, 101–109 (2004).Article 

Google Scholar 
Stachowicz, J. J. Mutualism, facilitation, and the structure of ecological communities. Bioscience 51, 235–246 (2001).Article 

Google Scholar 
Stuart, Y. E., Inkpen, S. A., Hopkins, R. & Bolnick, D. I. Character displacement is a pattern: so, what causes it? Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 121, 711–715 (2017).Article 

Google Scholar 
Brockhurst, M. A., Hochberg, M. E., Bell, T. & Buckling, A. Character displacement promotes cooperation in bacterial biofilms. Curr. Biol. 16, 2030–2034 (2006).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ellis, C. N., Traverse, C. C., Mayo-Smith, L., Buskirk, S. W. & Cooper, V. S. Character displacement and the evolution of niche complementarity in a model biofilm community. Evolution 69, 283–293 (2015).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Rainey, P. B., Buckling, A., Kassen, R. & Travisano, M. The emergence and maintenance of diversity: insights from experimental bacterial populations. Trends Ecol. Evol. 15, 243–247 (2000).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Turner, P. E., Souza, V. & Lenski, R. E. Tests of ecological mechanisms promoting the stable coexistence of two bacterial genotypes. Ecology 77, 2119–2129 (1996).Article 

Google Scholar 
Xavier, J. B. & Foster, K. R. Cooperation and conflict in microbial biofilms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104, 876–881 (2007).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Westeberhard, M. J. Phenotypic plasticity and the origins of diversity. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 20, 249–278 (1989).Article 

Google Scholar 
Turcotte, M. M. & Levine, J. M. Phenotypic plasticity and species coexistence. Trends Ecol. Evol. 31, 803–813 (2016).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Pfennig, D. W. & Pfennig, K. S. Development and evolution of character displacement. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1256, 89–107 (2012).ADS 
PubMed 
MATH 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Finkel, O. M., Castrillo, G., Herrera Paredes, S., Salas Gonzalez, I. & Dangl, J. L. Understanding and exploiting plant beneficial microbes. Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. 38, 155–163 (2017).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Muller, D. B., Vogel, C., Bai, Y. & Vorholt, J. A. The plant microbiota: systems-level insights and perspectives. Annu. Rev. Genet. 50, 211–234 (2016).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Schlaeppi, K. & Bulgarelli, D. The plant microbiome at work. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 28, 212–217 (2015).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Leveau, J. H. & Lindow, S. E. Appetite of an epiphyte: quantitative monitoring of bacterial sugar consumption in the phyllosphere. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 3446–3453 (2001).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Lindow, S. E. & Leveau, J. H. Phyllosphere microbiology. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 13, 238–243 (2002).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Meyer, K. M. & Leveau, J. H. Microbiology of the phyllosphere: a playground for testing ecological concepts. Oecologia 168, 621–629 (2012).ADS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Delmotte, N. et al. Community proteogenomics reveals insights into the physiology of phyllosphere bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 16428–16433 (2009).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Vorholt, J. A. Microbial life in the phyllosphere. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 10, 828–840 (2012).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Carlstrom, C. I. et al. Synthetic microbiota reveal priority effects and keystone strains in the Arabidopsis phyllosphere. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 3, 1445–1454 (2019).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Vorholt, J. A., Vogel, C., Carlstrom, C. I. & Müller, D. B. Establishing causality: opportunities of synthetic communities for plant microbiome research. Cell Host Microbe. 22, 142–155 (2017).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Bai, Y. et al. Functional overlap of the Arabidopsis leaf and root microbiota. Nature 528, 364–369 (2015).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Bodenhausen, N., Horton, M. W. & Bergelson, J. Bacterial communities associated with the leaves and the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS ONE 8, e56329 (2013).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Horton, M. W. et al. Genome-wide association study of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf microbial community. Nat. Commun. 5, 5320 (2014).ADS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Roman-Reyna, V. et al. Characterization of the leaf microbiome from whole-genome sequencing data of the 3000 rice genomes project. Rice (NY) 13, 72 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Zarraonaindia, I. et al. The soil microbiome influences grapevine-associated microbiota. mBio. 6, e02527–14 (2015).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Laforest-Lapointe, I. & Whitaker, B. K. Decrypting the phyllosphere microbiota: progress and challenges. Am. J. Bot. 106, 171–173 (2019).PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Baldotto, L. E. B. & Olivares, F. L. Phylloepiphytic interaction between bacteria and different plant species in a tropical agricultural system. Can. J. Microbiol. 54, 918–931 (2008).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Lindow, S. E. & Brandl, M. T. Microbiology of the phyllosphere. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69, 1875–1883 (2003).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Monier, J. M. & Lindow, S. E. Differential survival of solitary and aggregated bacterial cells promotes aggregate formation on leaf surfaces. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100, 15977–15982 (2003).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Monier, J. M. & Lindow, S. E. Frequency, size, and localization of bacterial aggregates on bean leaf surfaces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70, 346–355 (2004).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Morris, C. E., Monier, J. M. & Jacques, M. A. A technique To quantify the population size and composition of the biofilm component in communities of bacteria in the phyllosphere. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64, 4789–4795 (1998).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Remus-Emsermann, M. N. P. et al. Spatial distribution analyses of natural phyllosphere-colonizing bacteria on Arabidopsis thaliana revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Environ. Microbiol. 16, 2329–2340 (2014).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Remus-Emsermann, M. N. P. & Schlechter, R. O. Phyllosphere microbiology: at the interface between microbial individuals and the plant host. New Phytol. 218, 1327–1333 (2018).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Gourion, B., Rossignol, M. & Vorholt, J. A. A proteomic study of Methylobacterium extorquens reveals a response regulator essential for epiphytic growth. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103, 13186–13191 (2006).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Jacobs, J. L., Carroll, T. L. & Sundin, G. W. The role of pigmentation, ultraviolet radiation tolerance, and leaf colonization strategies in the epiphytic survival of phyllosphere bacteria. Microb. Ecol. 49, 104–113 (2005).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Müller, D. B., Schubert, O. T., Rost, H., Aebersold, R. & Vorholt, J. A. Systems-level proteomics of two ubiquitous leaf commensals reveals complementary adaptive traits for phyllosphere colonization. Mol. Cell. Proteom. 15, 3256–3269 (2016).Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Ochsner, A. M. et al. Use of rare-earth elements in the phyllosphere colonizer Methylobacterium extorquens PA1. Mol. Microbiol. 111, 1152–1166 (2019).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Helmann, T. C., Deutschbauer, A. M. & Lindow, S. E. Genome-wide identification of Pseudomonas syringae genes required for fitness during colonization of the leaf surface and apoplast. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 116, 18900–18910 (2019).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Nobori, T. et al. Transcriptome landscape of a bacterial pathogen under plant immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 115, E3055–E3064 (2018).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Pulawska, J. et al. Transcriptome analysis of Xanthomonas fragariae in strawberry leaves. Sci. Rep. 10, 20582 (2020).Knief, C. et al. Metaproteogenomic analysis of microbial communities in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of rice. ISME J. 6, 1378–1390 (2012).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Innerebner, G., Knief, C. & Vorholt, J. A. Protection of Arabidopsis thaliana against leaf-pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae by Sphingomonas strains in a controlled model system. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 77, 3202–3210 (2011).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Vogel, C., Innerebner, G., Zingg, J., Guder, J. & Vorholt, J. A. Forward genetic in planta screen for identification of plant-protective traits of Sphingomonas sp Strain Fr1 against Pseudomonas syringae DC3000. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 78, 5529–5535 (2012).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ryffel, F. et al. Metabolic footprint of epiphytic bacteria on Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. ISME J. 10, 632–643 (2016).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Vogel, C. M., Potthoff, D. B., Schafer, M., Barandun, N. & Vorholt, J. A. Protective role of the Arabidopsis leaf microbiota against a bacterial pathogen. Nat. Microbiol. 6, 1537–1548 (2021).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Pfeilmeier, S. et al. The plant NADPH oxidase RBOHD is required for microbiota homeostasis in leaves. Nat. Microbiol. 6, 852–864 (2021).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Maier, B. A. et al. A general non-self response as part of plant immunity. Nat. Plants 7, 696–705 (2021).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Breton, C., Snajdrova, L., Jeanneau, C., Koca, J. & Imberty, A. Structures and mechanisms of glycosyltransferases. Glycobiology 16, 29r–37r (2006).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Tao, F., Swarup, S. & Zhang, L. H. Quorum sensing modulation of a putative glycosyltransferase gene cluster essential for Xanthomonas campestris biofilm formation. Environ. Microbiol. 12, 3159–3170 (2010).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Zhou, M. X., Zhu, F., Dong, S. L., Pritchard, D. G. & Wu, H. A novel glucosyltransferase is required for glycosylation of a serine-rich adhesin and biofilm formation by Streptococcus parasanguinis. J. Biol. Chem. 285, 12140–12148 (2010).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Becker, A. et al. Regulation of succinoglycan and galactoglucan biosynthesis in Sinorhizobium meliloti. J. Mol. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 4, 187–190 (2002).CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Halder, U., Banerjee, A. & Bandopadhyay, R. Structural and functional properties, biosynthesis, and patenting trends of bacterial succinoglycan: a review. Indian J. Microbiol. 57, 278–284 (2017).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Niehaus, K. & Becker, A. The role of microbial surface polysaccharides in the Rhizobium-legume interaction. Sub-Cell. Biochem. 29, 73–116 (1998).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ellis, H. R. Mechanism for sulfur acquisition by the alkanesulfonate monooxygenase system. Bioorg. Chem. 39, 178–184 (2011).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Marco, M. L., Legac, J. & Lindow, S. E. Pseudomonas syringae genes induced during colonization of leaf surfaces. Environ. Microbiol. 7, 1379–1391 (2005).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Yu, X. L. et al. Transcriptional responses of Pseudomonas syringae to growth in epiphytic versus apoplastic leaf sites. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110, E425–E434 (2013).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Cai, S. J. & Inouye, M. EnvZ-OmpR interaction and osmoregulation in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 24155–24161 (2002).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Freeman, B. C. et al. Physiological and transcriptional responses to osmotic stress of two Pseudomonas syringae strains that differ in epiphytic fitness and osmotolerance. J. Bacteriol. 195, 4742–4752 (2013).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Scheublin, T. R. et al. Transcriptional profiling of gram-positive Arthrobacter in the phyllosphere: induction of pollutant degradation genes by natural plant phenolic compounds. Environ. Microbiol. 16, 2212–2225 (2014).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Felix, G., Duran, J. D., Volko, S. & Boller, T. Plants have a sensitive perception system for the most conserved domain of bacterial flagellin. Plant J. 18, 265–276 (1999).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Macho, A. P. & Zipfel, C. Plant PRRs and the activation of innate immune signaling. Mol. Cell 54, 263–272 (2014).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Hopsu-Havu, V. K. & Glenner, G. G. A new dipeptide naphthylamidase hydrolyzing glycyl-prolyl-beta-naphthylamide. Histochemie 7, 197–201 (1966).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Kavi Kishor, P. B., Hima Kumari, P., Sunita, M. S. & Sreenivasulu, N. Role of proline in cell wall synthesis and plant development and its implications in plant ontogeny. Front. Plant Sci. 6, 544 (2015).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Chipperfield, J. R. & Ratledge, C. Salicylic acid is not a bacterial siderophore: a theoretical study. Biometals 13, 165–168 (2000).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Visca, P., Ciervo, A., Sanfilippo, V. & Orsi, N. Iron-regulated salicylate synthesis by Pseudomonas Spp. J. Gen. Microbiol. 139, 1995–2001 (1993).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Seifert, G. J., Barber, C., Wells, B., Dolan, L. & Roberts, K. Galactose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis: genetic evidence for substrate channeling from UDP-D-galactose into cell wall polymers. Curr. Biol. 12, 1840–1845 (2002).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Zablackis, E., Huang, J., Muller, B., Darvill, A. G. & Albersheim, P. Characterization of the cell-wall polysaccharides of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Plant Physiol. 107, 1129–1138 (1995).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Santos-Beneit, F. The Pho regulon: a huge regulatory network in bacteria. Front. Microbiol. 6, 402 (2015).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mortimer, J. C. et al. An unusual xylan in Arabidopsis primary cell walls is synthesised by GUX3, IRX9L, IRX10L and IRX14. Plant J. 83, 413–426 (2015).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Honer Zu Bentrup, K., Miczak, A., Swenson, D. L. & Russell, D. G. Characterization of activity and expression of isocitrate lyase in Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J. Bacteriol. 181, 7161–7167 (1999).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Reinscheid, D. J., Eikmanns, B. J. & Sahm, H. Characterization of the isocitrate lyase gene from Corynebacterium glutamicum and biochemical analysis of the enzyme. J. Bacteriol. 176, 3474–3483 (1994).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Groisman, E. A., Chiao, E., Lipps, C. J. & Heffron, F. Salmonella typhimurium phoP virulence gene is a transcriptional regulator. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86, 7077–7081 (1989).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Lamarche, M. G., Wanner, B. L., Crepin, S. & Harel, J. The phosphate regulon and bacterial virulence: a regulatory network connecting phosphate homeostasis and pathogenesis. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 32, 461–473 (2008).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Jameson, G. N., Cosper, M. M., Hernandez, H. L., Johnson, M. K. & Huynh, B. H. Role of the [2Fe-2S] cluster in recombinant Escherichia coli biotin synthase. Biochemistry 43, 2022–2031 (2004).Sirithanakorn, C. & Cronan, J. E. Biotin, a universal and essential cofactor: synthesis, ligation and regulation. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 45, fuab003 (2021).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Choi-Rhee, E. & Cronan, J. E. Biotin synthase is catalytic in vivo, but catalysis engenders destruction of the protein. Chem. Biol. 12, 461–468 (2005).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Wilmes, P. et al. Community proteogenomics highlights microbial strain-variant protein expression within activated sludge performing enhanced biological phosphorus removal. ISME J. 2, 853–864 (2008).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Beier, S., Rivers, A. R., Moran, M. A. & Obernosterer, I. Phenotypic plasticity in heterotrophic marine microbial communities in continuous cultures. ISME J. 9, 1141–1151 (2015).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Kim, H. et al. High population of Sphingomonas species on plant surface. J. Appl. Microbiol. 85, 731–736 (1998).Article 

Google Scholar 
Singh, P., Santoni, S., Weber, A., This, P. & Peros, J. P. Understanding the phyllosphere microbiome assemblage in grape species (Vitaceae) with amplicon sequence data structures. Sci. Rep. 9, 14294 (2019).Kosma, D. K. et al. The impact of water deficiency on leaf cuticle lipids of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 151, 1918–1929 (2009).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Piffeteau, A. & Gaudry, M. Biotin uptake: influx, efflux and countertransport in Escherichia coli K12. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 816, 77–82 (1985).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
D’Souza, G. et al. Less is more: selective advantages can explain the prevalent loss of biosynthetic genes in bacteria. Evolution 68, 2559–2570 (2014).PubMed 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Hassani, M. A., Duran, P. & Hacquard, S. Microbial interactions within the plant holobiont. Microbiome 6, 58 (2018).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mas, A., Jamshidi, S., Lagadeuc, Y., Eveillard, D. & Vandenkoornhuyse, P. Beyond the black queen hypothesis. ISME J. 10, 2085–2091 (2016).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Morris, B. E., Henneberger, R., Huber, H. & Moissl-Eichinger, C. Microbial syntrophy: interaction for the common good. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 37, 384–406 (2013).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Pacheco, A. R., Moel, M. & Segre, D. Costless metabolic secretions as drivers of interspecies interactions in microbial ecosystems. Nat. Commun. 10, 103 (2019).ADS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Pande, S. et al. Fitness and stability of obligate cross-feeding interactions that emerge upon gene loss in bacteria. ISME J. 8, 953–962 (2014).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Joyner, D. C. & Lindow, S. E. Heterogeneity of iron bioavailability on plants assessed with a whole-cell GFP-based bacterial biosensor. Microbiol. 146, 2435–2445 (2000).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Remus-Emsermann, M. N., de Oliveira, S., Schreiber, L. & Leveau, J. H. Quantification of lateral heterogeneity in carbohydrate permeability of isolated plant leaf cuticles. Front. Microbiol. 2, 197 (2011).PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Remus-Emsermann, M. N. P., Tecon, R., Kowalchuk, G. A. & Leveau, J. H. J. Variation in local carrying capacity and the individual fate of bacterial colonizers in the phyllosphere. ISME J. 6, 756–765 (2012).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Peredo, E. L. & Simmons, S. L. Leaf-FISH: microscale imaging of bacterial taxa on phyllosphere. Front. Microbiol. 8, 2669 (2018).Dar, D., Dar, N., Cai, L. & Newman, D. K. Spatial transcriptomics of planktonic and sessile bacterial populations at single-cell resolution. Science 373, eabi4882 (2021).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ledermann, R., Strebel, S., Kampik, C. & Fischer, H. M. Versatile vectors for efficient mutagenesis of Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens and other alphaproteobacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 82, 2791–2799 (2016).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Roux, M. et al. The Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases BAK1/SERK3 and BKK1/SERK4 are required for innate immunity to hemibiotrophic and biotrophic pathogens. Plant Cell 23, 2440–2455 (2011).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Staswick, P. E., Tiryaki, I. & Rowe, M. L. Jasmonate response locus JAR1 and several related Arabidopsis genes encode enzymes of the firefly luciferase superfamily that show activity on jasmonic, salicylic, and indole-3-acetic acids in an assay for adenylation. Plant Cell 14, 1405–1415 (2002).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Torres, M. A., Dangl, J. L. & Jones, J. D. Arabidopsis gp91phox homologues AtrbohD and AtrbohF are required for accumulation of reactive oxygen intermediates in the plant defense response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99, 517–522 (2002).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Cao, H., Glazebrook, J., Clarke, J. D., Volko, S. & Dong, X. The Arabidopsis NPR1 gene that controls systemic acquired resistance encodes a novel protein containing ankyrin repeats. Cell 88, 57–63 (1997).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Schlesier, B., Breton, F. & Mock, H. P. A hydroponic culture system for growing Arabidopsis thaliana plantlets under sterile conditions. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 21, 449–456 (2003).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Schindelin, J. et al. Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis. Nat. Methods 9, 676–682 (2012).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Hemmerle, L., Ochsner, A. M., Vonderach, T., Hattendorf, B. & Vorholt, J. A. Mass spectrometry-based approaches to study lanthanides and lanthanide-dependent proteins in the phyllosphere. Methods Enzymol. 650, 215–236 (2021).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Uhrig, R. G. et al. Diurnal dynamics of the Arabidopsis rosette proteome and phosphoproteome. Plant Cell Environ. 44, 821–841 (2021).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Davis, J. J. et al. The PATRIC bioinformatics resource center: expanding data and analysis capabilities. Nucleic Acids Res. 48, D606–D612 (2020).CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Huerta-Cepas, J. et al. eggNOG 4.5: a hierarchical orthology framework with improved functional annotations for eukaryotic, prokaryotic and viral sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 44, D286–D293 (2016).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Perez-Riverol, Y. et al. The PRIDE database and related tools and resources in 2019: improving support for quantification data. Nucleic Acids Res. 47, D442–D450 (2019).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar  More

Giesecke, T. et al. Towards mapping the late Quaternary vegetation change of Europe. Veg. Hist. Archaeobot. 23, 75–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-012-0390-y (2013).Article 

Google Scholar 
Fyfe, R. M., Woodbridge, J. & Roberts, N. From forest to farmland: pollen-inferred land cover change across Europe using the pseudobiomization approach. Glob. Chang. Biol. 21, 1197–1212. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12776 (2015).Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Gilliam, F. S. Forest ecosystems of temperate climatic regions: From ancient use to climate change. New Phytol. 212, 871–887. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14255 (2016).Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Jamrichová, E. et al. Human impact on open temperate woodlands during the middle Holocene in Central Europe. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 245, 55–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2017.06.002 (2017).Article 

Google Scholar 
Kaplan, J. O., Krumhardt, K. M. & Zimmermann, N. The prehistoric and preindustrial deforestation of Europe. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 28, 3016–3034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.09.028 (2009).Article 

Google Scholar 
Kalis, A. J., Merkt, J. & Wunderlich, J. Environmental changes during the Holocene climatic optimum in central Europe—human impact and natural causes. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 22, 33–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-3791(02)00181-6 (2003).Article 

Google Scholar 
Molinari, C. et al. Exploring potential drivers of European biomass burning over the Holocene: A data-model analysis. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 22, 1248–1260. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12090 (2013).Article 

Google Scholar 
Roberts, N. et al. Europe’s lost forests: A pollen-based synthesis for the last 11,000 years. Sci. Rep. 8, 716. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-18646-7 (2018).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Ellis, E. C. et al. People have shaped most of terrestrial nature for at least 12,000 years. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2023483118 (2021).Ellis, E. C. Anthropogenic transformation of the terrestrial biosphere. Philos. Trans. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 369, 1010–1035. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0331 (2011).Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Drake, B. L. Changes in North Atlantic Oscillation drove Population Migrations and the Collapse of the Western Roman Empire. Sci. Rep. 7, 1227. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01289-z (2017).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Enters, D., Dörfler, W. & Zolitschka, B. Historical soil erosion and land-use change during the last two millennia recorded in lake sediments of Frickenhauser See, northern Bavaria, central Germany. The Holocene 18, 243–254. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683607086762 (2008).Article 

Google Scholar 
Haldon, J. et al. History meets palaeoscience: Consilience and collaboration in studying past societal responses to environmental change. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 115, 3210–3218. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1716912115 (2018).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Yeloff, D. & van Geel, B. Abandonment of farmland and vegetation succession following the Eurasian plague pandemic of ad 1347?52. J. Biogeogr. 34, 575–582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01674.x (2007).Article 

Google Scholar 
Alt, K. W. et al. Lombards on the Move—An Integrative Study of the Migration Period Cemetery at Szólád Hungary. PLoS ONE 9, e110793. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110793 (2014).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Pohl, W. in Ethnicity as a Political Resource Conceptualizations across Disciplines, Regions, and Periods (ed Resource« University of Cologne Forum »Ethnicity as a Political) 201–208 (Transcript Verlag, 2015).Dreibrodt, S. & Wiethold, J. Lake Belau and its catchment (northern Germany): A key archive of environmental history in northern central Europe since the onset of agriculture. The Holocene 25, 296–322. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614558648 (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Dreßler, M. et al. Environmental changes and the Migration Period in northern Germany as reflected in the sediments of Lake Dudinghausen. Quatern. Res. 66, 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2006.02.007 (2017).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Leuschner, C. & Ellenberg, H. in Ecology of Central European Forests: Vegetation Ecology of Central Europe, Volume I (eds Christoph Leuschner & Heinz Ellenberg) 31–116 (Springer International Publishing, 2017).Pędziszewska, A. et al. in The Migration Period between the Oder and the Vistula (2 vols) (eds A. Bursche, H. John, & A. Zapolska) 137–198 (Brill, 2020).Mączyńska, M. in The Migration Period between the Oder and the Vistula (2 vols) (eds A. Bursche, H. John, & A. Zapolska) 201–224 (Brill, 2020).Lamentowicz, M. et al. Reconstructing climate change and ombrotrophic bog development during the last 4000years in northern Poland using biotic proxies, stable isotopes and trait-based approach. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 418, 261–277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.11.015 (2015).Article 

Google Scholar 
Makohonienko, M. in Late Glacial and Holocene history of vegetation in Poland based on isopollen maps (eds M. Ralska-Jasiewiczowa et al.) 411–416 (W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2004).Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, M., Nalepka, D. & Goslar, T. Some problems of forest transformation at the transition to the oligocratic/ Homo sapiens phase of the Holocene interglacial in northern lowlands of central Europe. Veg. Hist. Archaeobot. 12, 233–247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-003-0021-8 (2003).Article 

Google Scholar 
Moździoch, M. in The Past Societies. Polish lands from the first evidence of human presence to the Early Middle Ages Vol. 5: 500–1000 AD (eds P. Urbańczyk & M. Trzeciecki) 123–167 (The Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2016).Wołoszyn, M. in The Migration Period between the Oder and the Vistula (2 vols) (eds A. Bursche, H. John, & A. Zapolska) 84–136 (Brill, 2020).Karczewski, M. Archeologia środowiska zachodniobałtyjskiego kręgu kulturowego na pojezierzach. (Bogucki Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 2011).Nowakiewicz, T. in The Past Societies. Polish lands from the first evidence of human presence to the Early Middle Ages (eds P. Urbańczyk & M. Trzeciecki) 170–217 (The Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2016).Okulicz-Kozaryn, Ł. Dzieje Prusów (Wydawnictwo Monografie FNP, 1997).Okulicz, J. Osadnictwo ziem pruskich od czasów najdawniejszych do XIII wieku. Dzieje Warmii i Mazur w zarysie (Polskie Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1981).Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, M. Correlation between the Holocene history of the Carpinus betulus and prehistoric settlement in North Poland. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 33, 461–468 (1964).Article 

Google Scholar 
Noryśkiewicz, A. M. Historia roślinności i osadnictwa ziemi chełmińskiej w późnym holocenie. Studium palinologiczne. (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2013).Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, M. L., M. et al. Late Glacial and Holocene history of vegetation in Poland based on isopollen maps. (W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2004).Brown, A., Poska, A. & Pluskowski, A. The environmental impact of cultural change: Palynological and quantitative land cover reconstructions for the last two millennia in northern Poland. Quatern. Int. 522, 38–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2019.05.014 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Wacnik, A., Goslar, T. & Czernik, J. Vegetation changes caused by agricultural societies in the Great Mazurian Lake District. Acta Palaeobotanica 52, 59–104 (2012).
Google Scholar 
Pędziszewska, A. et al. Holocene environmental changes reflected by pollen, diatoms, and geochemistry of annually laminated sediments of Lake Suminko in the Kashubian Lake District (N Poland). Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 216, 55–75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2015.01.008 (2015).Article 

Google Scholar 
Słowiński, M. et al. The role of Medieval road operation on cultural landscape transformation. Sci. Rep. 11, 20876. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00090-3 (2021).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Gałka, M., Tobolski, K., Zawisza, E. & Goslar, T. Postglacial history of vegetation, human activity and lake-level changes at Jezioro Linówek in northeast Poland, based on multi-proxy data. Veg. Hist. Archaeobotany 23, 123–152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-013-0401-7 (2013).Article 

Google Scholar 
Marks, L. Timing of the Late Vistulian (Weichselian) glacial phases in Poland. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 44, 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.08.008 (2012).Article 

Google Scholar 
Woś, A. Klimat Polski. (Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 1999).Matuszkiewicz, W. et al. Potential natural vegetation of Poland. General map 1:300 000. (IGiPZ PAN, 1995).Zając, A. & Zając, M. Atlas rozmieszczenia roślin naczyniowych w Polsce. Distribution Atlas of Vascular Plants in Poland. (Nakładem Pracowni Chorologii Komputerowej Instytutu Botaniki UJ, 2001).Matuszkiewicz, J. M. & Solon, J. Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie i cechy charakterystyczne krajobrazów Polski w ujęciu geobotanicznym. Problemy Ekologii Krajobrazu XL, 85–101 (2015).Broda, J. Historia leśnictwa w Polsce. (Wydaw. Akademii Rolniczej im. Augusta Cieszkowskiego, 2000).Rozkrut, D. et al. Statistical Yearbook of Forestry. (Główny Urząd Statystyczny, 2020).Lamentowicz, M. et al. Climate and human induced hydrological change since AD 800 in an ombrotrophic mire in Pomerania (N Poland) tracked by testate amoebae, macro-fossils, pollen and tree rings of pine. Boreas 38, 214–229. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3885.2008.00047.x (2009).Article 

Google Scholar 
Lamentowicz, M. et al. How Joannites’ economy eradicated primeval forest and created anthroecosystems in medieval Central Europe. Sci. Rep. 10, 18775. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-75692-4 (2020).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Czerwiński, S. et al. Environmental implications of past socioeconomic events in Greater Poland during the last 1200 years. Synthesis of paleoecological and historical data. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106902 (2021).Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, M., van Geel, B. & Demsk, D. in Lake Gościąż, central Poland: a monographic study. Part 1 (eds M. Ralska-Jasiewiczowa, T. Goslar, T. Madeyska, & L. Starkel) (W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, 1998).Lamentowicz, M. et al. Multiproxy study of anthropogenic and climatic changes in the last two millennia from a small mire in central Poland. Hydrobiologia 631, 213–230. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-9812-y (2009).Article 

Google Scholar 
Pędziszewska, A. & Latałowa, M. Stand-scale reconstruction of late Holocene forest succession on the Gdańsk Upland (N. Poland) based on integrated palynological and macrofossil data from paired sites. Veget. History Archaeobot. 25, 239–254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-015-0546-7 (2016).Lamentowicz, M., Gałka, M., Pawlyta, J., Lamentowicz, Ł. G., Tomasz & Miotk-Szpiganowicz, G. Climate change and human impact in the southern Baltic during the last millennium reconstructed from an ombrotrophic bog archive. Studia Quaternaria 28, 3–16 (2011).Cywa, K. Trees and shrubs used in medieval Poland for making everyday objects. Veg. Hist. Archaeobotany 27, 111–136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-017-0644-9 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Dzieduszycki, W. Wykorzystywanie surowca drzewnego we wczesnośredniowiecznej i średniowiecznej Kruszwicy. Kwartalnik Historii Kultury Materialnej, 35–54 (1976).Kara, M. & Przybył, M. Wczesnośredniowieczne grodzisko wklęsłe w Bninie koło Poznania w świetle dotychczasowych ustaleń dendrochronologicznych. Folia Prahistorica Posnaniensia 10, 255–268 (2003).Article 

Google Scholar 
Gałka, M. et al. Unveiling exceptional Baltic bog ecohydrology, autogenic succession and climate change during the last 2000 years in CE Europe using replicate cores, multi-proxy data and functional traits of testate amoebae. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 156, 90–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.11.034 (2017).Article 

Google Scholar 
Kinder, M. et al. Holocene history of human impacts inferred from annually laminated sediments in Lake Szurpiły, northeast Poland. J. Paleolimnol. 61, 419–435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10933-019-00068-2 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Marcisz, K., Kołaczek, P., Gałka, M., Diaconu, A.-C. & Lamentowicz, M. Exceptional hydrological stability of a Sphagnum-dominated peatland over the late Holocene. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 231, 106180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106180 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Wacnik, A. et al. Determining the responses of vegetation to natural processes and human impacts in north-eastern Poland during the last millennium: Combined pollen, geochemical and historical data. Veg. Hist. Archaeobotany 25, 479–498. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-016-0565-z (2016).Article 

Google Scholar 
Szal, M., Kupryjanowicz, M., Tylmann, W. & Piotrowska, N. Was it ‘terra desolata’? Conquering and colonizing the medieval Prussian wilderness in the context of climate change. The Holocene 27, 465–480. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683616660167 (2016).Article 

Google Scholar 
Szal, M., Kupryjanowicz, M., Wyczółkowski, M. & Tylmann, W. The Iron Age in the Mrągowo Lake District, Masuria, NE Poland: the Salęt settlement microregion as an example of long-lasting human impact on vegetation. Veg. Hist. Archaeobotany 23, 419–437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-014-0465-z (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Brown, A. et al. The ecological impact of conquest and colonization on a medieval frontier landscape: Combined Palynological and geochemical analysis of lake sediments from Radzyń Chełminski Northern Poland. Geoarchaeology 30, 511–527. https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21525 (2015).Article 

Google Scholar 
Williams, J. W. et al. The Neotoma Paleoecology Database, a multiproxy, international, community-curated data resource. Quatern. Res. 89, 156–177. https://doi.org/10.1017/qua.2017.105 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Marcisz, K. et al. Long-term hydrological dynamics and fire history over the last 2000 years in CE Europe reconstructed from a high-resolution peat archive. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 112, 138–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.01.019 (2015).Article 

Google Scholar 
Milecka, K., Gałka, M. & Lamentowicz, M. Regionalna i lokalna sukcesja roślinności w Dolinie Stążki na podstawie analizy pyłkowej. Stud. Limnol. Telmatol. 6, 61–69 (2012).
Google Scholar 
Lamentowicz, M. et al. A 1300-year multi-proxy, high-resolution record from a rich fen in northern Poland: reconstructing hydrology, land use and climate change. J. Quat. Sci. 28, 582–594. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2650 (2013).Article 

Google Scholar 
Lamentowicz, M. et al. Always on the tipping point—A search for signals of past societies and related peatland ecosystem critical transitions during the last 6500 years in N Poland. Quat. Sci. Rev. 225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105954 (2019).Wacnik, A., Kupryjanowicz, M., Mueller-Bieniek, A., Karczewski, M. & Cywa, K. The environmental and cultural contexts of the late Iron Age and medieval settlement in the Mazurian Lake District, NE Poland: combined palaeobotanical and archaeological data. Veg. Hist. Archaeobotany 23, 439–459. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-014-0458-y (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Gałka, M. et al. Palaeoenvironmental changes in Central Europe (NE Poland) during the last 6200 years reconstructed from a high-resolution multi-proxy peat archive. The Holocene 25, 421–434. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683614561887 (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Latałowa, M., Zimny, M., Jędrzejewska, B. & Samojlik, T. in Europe’s Changing Woods and Forests: From Wildwood to Managed Landscapes (eds K.J. Kirby & C. Watkins) Ch. 17, 243–263 (CAB International, 2015).Słowiński, M. et al. Paleoecological and historical data as an important tool in ecosystem management. J. Environ. Manage. 236, 755–768. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.002 (2019).Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Żarczyński, M., Wacnik, A. & Tylmann, W. Tracing lake mixing and oxygenation regime using the Fe/Mn ratio in varved sediments: 2000 year-long record of human-induced changes from Lake Żabińskie (NE Poland). Sci. Total Environ. 657, 585–596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.078 (2019).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Wirth, C., Messier, C., Bergeron, Y., Frank, D. & Fankhänel, A. Old-Growth Forest Definitions: a Pragmatic View. 11–33 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009).Kołaczek, P. M., K. et al. in 20th Congress of the International Union for Quaternary Research (INQUA) (Dublin, Ireland, 2019).Szmoniewski, B. S. in The Past Societies. Polish lands from the first evidence of human presence to the Early Middle Ages. Vol. 5: 500–1000 AD (eds P. Urbańczyk & M. Trzeciecki) 21–74 (The Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2016).Moździoch, M., Chudziak, W. & Poleski, J. Atlas grodzisk wczesnośredniowiecznych z obszaru Polski, 2015).Trzeciecki, M. in The Past Societies. Polish lands from the first evidence of human presence to the Early Middle Ages. Vol. 5: 500–1000 AD (eds P. Urbańczyk & M. Trzeciecki) 277–341 (The Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 2016).Faliński, J. B. & Pawlaczyk, P. in Grab zwyczajny – Carpinus betulus L. Nasze drzewa leśne, monografie popularnonaukowe Vol. 9 (ed W. Bugała) 157–264 (Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Dendrologii, „Sorus”,, 1993).Sikkema, R., Caudullo, G. & de Rigo, D. in European Atlas of Forest Tree Species (eds J. San-Miguel-Ayanz et al.) (Publ. Off. EU, 2016).Hensel, W. Słowiańszczyzna Wczesnośredniowieczna. Zarys kultury materialnej. (Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1987).Jørgensen, D. Pigs and Pollards: Medieval insights for UK wood pasture restoration. Sustainability 5, 387–399. https://doi.org/10.3390/su5020387 (2013).Article 

Google Scholar 
Plieninger, T. et al. Wood-pastures of Europe: Geographic coverage, social–ecological values, conservation management, and policy implications. Biol. Cons. 190, 70–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.05.014 (2015).Article 

Google Scholar 
Watkins, A. Cattle grazing in the forest of arden in the later middle ages. Agric. Hist. Rev. 37, 12–25 (1989).
Google Scholar 
Ładowski, S. Dykcyonarz służący do poznania historyi naturalney y rożnych osobliwszych starożytności, ktore ciekawi w gabinetach znayduią Vol. 2 (1783).Tobolski, K. in Wstęp do paleoekologii Lednickiego Parku Krajobrazowego (ed K. Tobolski) (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 1991).Litt, T. & Tobolski, K. in Wstęp do paleoekologii Lednickiego Parku Krajobrazowego (ed K. Tobolski) (1991).Makohonienko, M. Przyrodnicza historia Gniezna. (Homini, 2000).Makohonienko, M. in Wstęp do paleoekologii Lednickiego Parku Krajobrazowego (ed K. Tobolski) (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 1991).Filbrandt, A. in Wstęp do paleoekologii Lednickiego Parku Krajobrazowego (ed K. Tobolski) (Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 1991).Pidek, I. A. Carpinus betulus pollen accumulation rates in Roztocze (SE Poland) in relation to presence of Carpinus in Ferdynandovian pollen diagrams. Ecol. Quest. 26, 95–101 (2017).
Google Scholar 
Wiśniewski, J. in Studia I Materiały Do Dziejów Suwalszczyzny (ed J. Antoniewicz) 51–138 (Prace Białostockiego Towarzystwa Naukowego Nr 4, Białostockie Towarzystwo Naukowe,, 1965).Biskup, M. et al. Państwo zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach. Władza i społeczeństwo. (Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 2008).Pluskowski, A. The archaeology of the Prussian Crusade: Holy War and colonisation. (2012).Marcisz, K. et al. Seasonal changes in Sphagnum peatland testate amoeba communities along a hydrological gradient. Eur. J. Protistol. 50, 445–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2014.07.001 (2014).Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Marcisz, K. et al. Fire activity and hydrological dynamics in the past 5700 years reconstructed from Sphagnum peatlands along the oceanic–continental climatic gradient in northern Poland. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 177, 145–157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.10.018 (2017).Article 

Google Scholar 
Boratyńska, K. in Biology and Ecology of Norway Spruce (eds Mark G. Tjoelker, Adam Boratyński, & Władysław Bugała) 23–36 (Springer Netherlands, 2007).Jaroszewicz, B. et al. Białowieża forest—a relic of the high naturalness of European forests. Forests 10, 849. https://doi.org/10.3390/f10100849 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Zimny, M., Latałowa, M. & Pędziszewska, A. The Late-Holocene history of forests in the Strict Reserve of Białowieża National Park. 29–59 (Białowieski Park Narodowy, 2017).Blaauw, M., Christen, J. A., Bennett, K. D. & Reimer, P. J. Double the dates and go for Bayes—Impacts of model choice, dating density and quality on chronologies. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 188, 58–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.03.032 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Lisitsyna, O. V., Giesecke, T. & Hicks, S. Exploring pollen percentage threshold values as an indication for the regional presence of major European trees. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 166, 311–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2011.06.004 (2011).Article 

Google Scholar 
Huntley, B. & Birks, H. J. B. An Atlas of past and present pollen maps for Europe: 0–13000 years ago. (Cambridge University Press, 1983). More

Stirling, I., Calvert, W. & Cleator, H. Underwater vocalizations as a tool for studying the distribution and relative abundance of wintering pinnipeds in the High Arctic. Arctic https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic2275 (1983).Article 

Google Scholar 
Sirovic, A. et al. Seasonality of blue and fin whale calls and the influence of sea ice in the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Deep Sea Res. II 51, 2327–2344 (2004).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Jones, J. M. et al. Ringed, bearded, and ribbon seal vocalizations north of barrow, Alaska: Seasonal presence and relationship with sea ice. Arctic 67, 203–222 (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Clark, C. W. et al. A year in the acoustic world of bowhead whales in the Bering, Chukchi and Beaufort seas. Prog. Oceanogr. 136, 223–240 (2015).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Marques, T. A., Munger, L., Thomas, L., Wiggins, S. & Hildebrand, J. A. Estimating North Pacific right whale Eubalaena japonica density using passive acoustic cue counting. Endangered Species Res. 13, 163–172 (2011).Article 

Google Scholar 
Hildebrand, J. A. et al. Passive acoustic monitoring of beaked whale densities in the Gulf of Mexico. Sci. Rep. 5, 16343 (2015).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
von Benda-Beckmann, A. M., Thomas, L., Tyack, P. L. & Ainslie, M. A. Modelling the broadband propagation of marine mammal echolocation clicks for click-based population density estimates. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 143, 954–967 (2018).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Hildebrand, J. A. et al. Assessing seasonality and density from passive acoustic monitoring of signals presumed to be from pygmy and dwarf sperm whales in the Gulf of Mexico. Front. Mar. Sci. 6, 66 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Marques, T. A. et al. Estimating animal population density using passive acoustics. Biol. Rev. 88, 287–309 (2013).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Helble, T. A., D’Spain, G. L., Campbell, G. S. & Hildebrand, J. A. Calibrating passive acoustic monitoring: Correcting humpback call detections for site-specific and time-dependent environmental characterisitcs. J. Acoust. Soc. Amer. 134, EL400–EL406 (2013).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Frasier, K. E. et al. Delphinid echolocation click detection probability on near-seafloor sensors. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 140, 1918–1930 (2016).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Helble, T. A. et al. Site specific probability of passive acoustic detection of humpback whale calls from single fixed hydrophones. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 134, 2556–2570 (2013).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Larsen Tempel, J. T., Wise, S., Osborne, T. Q., Sparks, K. & Atkinson, S. “Life without ice: Perceptions of environmental impacts on marine resources and subsistence users of St. Lawrence Island. Ocean Coast. Manag. 212, 105819 (2021).Article 

Google Scholar 
Clark, C. W. & Johnson, J. H. The sounds of the bowhead whale, Balaena mysticetus, during the spring migrations of 1979 and 1980. Can. J. Zool. 62, 1436–1441 (1984).Article 

Google Scholar 
Ashjian, C. J., Braund, S. R., Campbell, R. G., George, J. C., Kruse, J., Maslowski, W., Moore, S. E., Nicolson, C. R., Okkonen, S. R., & Sherr, B. F. Climate variability, oceanography, bowhead whale distribution, and Iñupiat subsistence whaling near Barrow, Alaska, Arctic 179–194 (2010).Moore, S. E. & Clarke, J. T. Bowhead whale fall distribution and relative abundance in relation to oil and gas lease areas in the northeastern Chukchi Sea. Polar Rec. 29, 209–214 (1993).Article 

Google Scholar 
Reeves, R., Rosa, C., George, J. C., Sheffield, G. & Moore, M. “Implications of Arctic industrial growth and strategies to mitigate future vessel and fishing gear impacts on bowhead whales. Mar. Policy 36, 454–462 (2012).Article 

Google Scholar 
Blackwell, S. B., Richardson, W., Greene Jr, C., & Streever, B. Bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) migration and calling behaviour in the Alaskan Beaufort Sea, Autumn 2001–04: An acoustic localization study, Arctic 255–270 (2007).Mathias, D., Thode, A., Blackwell, S. B., & Greene, C. Computer-aided classification of bowhead whale call categories for mitigation monitoring. In New Trends for Environmental Monitoring Using Passive Systems, Hyeres, French Riviera 1–6 (2008).Delarue, J., Laurinolli, M. & Martin, B. Bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) songs in the Chukchi Sea between October 2007 and May 2008. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 126, 3319–3328 (2009).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Moore, S. E., Stafford, K. M. & Munger, L. M. Acoustic and visual surveys for bowhead whales in the western Beaufort and far northeastern Chukchi seas. Deep Sea Res. Part II 57, 153–157 (2010).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Ballard, M. S. et al. Temporal and spatial dependence of a yearlong record of sound propagation from the Canada Basin to the Chukchi Shelf. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 148, 1663–1680 (2020).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Duda, T. F., Zhang, W. G. & Lin, Y.-T. Effects of Pacific Summer Water layer variations and ice cover on Beaufort Sea underwater sound ducting. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 149, 2117–2136 (2021).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Diachok, O. I. & Winokur, R. S. Spatial variability of underwater ambient noise at the Arctic ice-water boundary. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 55, 750–753 (1974).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Diachok, O. I. Effects of sea-ice ridges on sound propagation in the Arctic Ocean. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 59, 1110–1120 (1976).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Yang, T. & Votaw, C. W. Under ice reflectivities at frequencies below 1 kHz. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 70, 841–851 (1981).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Milne, A. R. & Ganton, J. H. Ambient Noise under Arctic-Sea Ice. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 36, 855–865 (1964).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Brown, J. R. & Milne, A. R. Reverberation under Arctic Sea-Ice. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 42, 78–82 (1967).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Duckworth, G., LePage, K. & Farrell, T. Low-frequency long-range propagation and reverberation in the central Arctic: Analysis of experimental results. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 110, 747–760 (2001).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Jensen, F. B. & Kuperman, W. A. Optimum frequency of propagation in shallow water environments. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 73, 813–819 (1983).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Keen, K. A., Thayre, B. J., Hildebrand, J. A. & Wiggins, S. M. Seismic airgun sound propagation in Arctic Ocean waveguides. Deep Sea Res. I 141, 24–32 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Greene, C. R. & Buck, B. M. Arctic ocean ambient noise. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 36, 1218–1220 (1964).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Roth, E. H., Hildebrand, J. A., Wiggins, S. M. & Ross, D. Underwater ambient noise on the Chukchi Sea continental slope from 2006–2009. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 131, 104–110 (2012).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Kinda, G. B., Simard, Y., Gervaise, C., Mars, J. I. & Fortier, L. Arctic underwater noise transients from sea ice deformation: Characteristics, annual time series, and forcing in Beaufort Sea. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 138, 2034–2045 (2015).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Hildebrand, J. A., Frasier, K. E., Baumann-Pickering, S. & Wiggins, S. M. An empirical model for wind-generated ocean noise. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 149, 4516–4533 (2021).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Farmer, D. M. & Xie, Y. The sound of cracking sea ice. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 84, S123–S123 (1988).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Bassett, C., Thomson, J., Dahl, P. H. & Polagye, B. Flow-noise and turbulence in two tidal channels. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 135(4), 1764–1774 (2014).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Chapman, R. P. & Harris, J. Surface backscattering strengths measured with explosive sound sources. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 34, 1592–1597 (1962).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Gauss, R. C., Fialkowski, J. M., & Wurmser, D. A low- and mid-frequency bistatic scattering model for the ocean surface. In Proceedings of OCEANS 2005 MTS/IEEE, Vol. 2 1738–1744 (2005)Jin, G., Lynch, J. F., Pawlowicz, R. & Worcester, P. Acoustic scattering losses in the Greenland Sea marginal ice zone during the 1988–89 tomography experiment. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 96, 3045–3053 (1994).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Citta, J. J. et al. Ecological characteristics of core-use areas used by Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort (BCB) bowhead whales, 2006–2012. Prog. Oceanogr. 136, 201–222 (2015).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Thode, A. M., Blackwell, S. B., Conrad, A. S., Kim, K. H. & Macrander, A. M. Decadal-scale frequency shift of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 142, 1482–1502 (2017).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Wiggins, S. M., & Hildebrand, J. A. High-frequency acoustic recording package (HARP) for broad-band, long-term marine mammal monitoring. In International Symposium on Underwater Technology 2007 and International Workshop on Scientific use of Submarine Cables & Related Technologies 2007. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Tokyo, Japan 551–557 (2007).Marques, T. A., Thomas, L., Ward, J., DiMarzio, N. & Tyack, P. L. Estimating cetacean population density using fixed passive acoustic sensors: An example with Blainville’s beaked whales. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 1982–1994 (2009).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Küsel, E. T. et al. Cetacean population density estimation from single fixed sensors using passive acoustics. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129, 3610–3622 (2011).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Cummings, W. C. & Holliday, D. V. Sounds and source levels from bowhead whales off Pt. Barrow, Alaska. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 82, 814–821 (1987).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Thode, A. M. et al. Source level and calling depth distributions of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 140, 4288 (2016).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Blackwell, S. B. et al. Directionality of bowhead whale calls measured with multiple sensors. Mar. Mammal Sci. 28, 200–212 (2012).Article 

Google Scholar 
Markus, T., Stroeve, J. C. & Miller, J. Recent changes in Arctic sea ice melt onset, freezeup, and melt season length. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005436 (2009).Article 

Google Scholar 
Kwok, R. & Cunningham, G. Variability of Arctic sea ice thickness and volume from CryoSat-2. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 373, 20140157 (2015).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Krishfield, R., Toole, J., Proshutinsky, A. & Timmermans, M.-L. Automated ice-tethered profilers for seawater observations under pack ice in all seasons. J. Atmos. Oceanic Tech. 25, 2091–2105 (2008).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Gong, D. & Pickart, R. S. Summertime circulation in the eastern Chukchi Sea. Deep Sea Res. Part II 118, 18–31 (2015).Article 

Google Scholar 
Meng, X., Li, G., Han, G. & Kan, G. Sound velocity and related properties of seafloor sediments in the Bering Sea and Chukchi Sea. Acta Oceanol. Sin. 34, 75–80 (2015).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Toole, J. M., Krishfield, R. A., Timmermans, M.-L. & Proshutinsky, A. The ice-tethered profiler: Argo of the Arctic. Oceanography 24, 126–135 (2011).Article 

Google Scholar 
Millero, F. J., Feistel, R., Wright, D. G. & McDougall, T. J. The composition of Standard Seawater and the definition of the Reference-Composition Salinity Scale. Deep Sea Res. Part I 55, 50–72 (2008).Article 

Google Scholar 
Kutschale, H. Long-range sound transmission in the Arctic Ocean. J. Geophys. Res. 66, 2189–2198 (1961).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Jakobsson, M. et al. The international bathymetric chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) version 3.0. Geophys. Res. Lett. https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL052219 (2012).Article 

Google Scholar 
Warner, G. A., Dosso, S. E., Dettmer, J. & Hannay, D. E. Bayesian environmental inversion of airgun modal dispersion using a single hydrophone in the Chukchi Sea. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 137, 3009–3023 (2015).PubMed 
Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Pang, X. et al. Comparison between AMSR2 sea ice concentration products and pseudo-ship observations of the Arctic and Antarctic sea ice edge on cloud-free days. Remote Sens. 10, 317 (2018).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Kahru, M. Windows image manager: Image display and analysis program for Microsoft Windows with special features for satellite images (2001).Duncan, A. J. & Maggi, A. L. A consistent, user friendly interface for running a variety of underwater acoustic propagation codes. Proc. Acoust. 2006, 471–477 (2006).
Google Scholar 
Collins, M. D. A split-step Padé solution for the parabolic equation method. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 93, 1736–1742 (1993).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Alexander, P., Duncan, A., Bose, N., & Smith, D. Modelling acoustic transmission loss due to sea ice cover. Acoust. Aust. 41 (2013).Goff, J. A. Quantitative analysis of sea ice draft: 1. Methods for stochastic modeling. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 100, 6993–7004 (1995).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar 
Gavrilov, A. N. & Mikhalevsky, P. N. Low-frequency acoustic propagation loss in the Arctic Ocean: Results of the Arctic climate observations using underwater sound experiment. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 119, 3694–3706 (2006).Article 
ADS 

Google Scholar  More

Sabo, J. et al. Riparian zones increase regional species richness by harbouring different, not more, species. Ecology 86, 56–62 (2005).Article 

Google Scholar 
Lind, L., Hasselquist, E. & Laudon, H. Towards ecologically functional riparian zones: A meta-analysis to develop guidelines for protecting ecosystem functions and biodiversity in agricultural landscapes. J. Environ. Manage. 249, 109391–109391 (2019).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Merritt, D., Nilsson, C. & Jansson, R. Consequences of propagule dispersal and river fragmentation for riparian plant community diversity and turnover. Ecol. Monogr. 80, 609–626 (2010).Article 

Google Scholar 
Jansson, R., Nilsson, C. & Renöfält, B. Fragmentation of riparian floras in rivers with multiple dams. Ecology 81, 899–903 (2000).Article 

Google Scholar 
Mari, L. et al. Metapopulation persistence and species spread in river networks. Ecol. Lett. 17, 426–434 (2014).ADS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Blöschl, G. et al. Changing climate both increases and decreases European river floods. Nature 573, 108–111. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1495-6 (2019).ADS 
CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Tabari, H. Climate change impact on flood and extreme precipitation increases with water availability. Sci. Rep. 10, 13768. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70816-2 (2020).ADS 
CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Wobus, C. et al. Climate change impacts on flood risk and asset damages within mapped 100-year floodplains of the contiguous United States. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. 17, 2199–2211 (2017).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Meyer, J. L. et al. The contribution of headwater streams to biodiversity in river networks1. J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. 43, 86–103. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00008.x (2007).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Van Looy, K. & Piffady, J. Metapopulation modelling of riparian tree species persistence in river networks under climate change. J. Environ. Manage. 202, 437–446 (2017).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Sochor, M. et al. Can gene flow among populations counteract the habitat loss of extremely fragile biotopes? An example from the population genetic structure in Salix daphnoides. Tree Genet. Genomes 9, 1193–1205 (2013).Article 

Google Scholar 
Garssen, A. G. et al. Effects of increased flooding on riparian vegetation: Field experiments simulating climate change along five European lowland streams. Glob. Change Biol. 23, 3052–3063. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13687 (2017).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ellenberg, H. Vegetation Mitteleuropas mit den Alpen in Ökologischer, Dynamischer und historischer Sicht. 6., vollst. neu bearb. und stark erw. Aufl edn, (Ulmer, 2010).Hanski, I. Metapopulation Biology: Ecology, Genetics, and Evolution (Academic Press, New York, 1997).MATH 

Google Scholar 
Wubs, E. R. J. et al. Going against the flow: A case for upstream dispersal and detection of uncommon dispersal events. Freshw. Biol. 61, 580–595 (2016).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Chen, F.-Q. & Xie, Z.-Q. Reproductive allocation, seed dispersal and germination of Myricaria laxiflora, an endangered species in the Three Gorges Reservoir area. Plant Ecol. 191, 67–75 (2007).Article 

Google Scholar 
Bonn, S. Ausbreitungsbiologie der Pflanzen Mitteleuropas: Grundlagen und kulturhistorische Aspekte. (Quelle und Meyer Verlag, 1998).Müller-Schneider, P. Verbreitungsbiologie der Blütenpflanzen Graubündens: Diasporology of the Spermatophytes of the Grisons. Vol. 85. (Switzerland) (1986).Aradottir, A., Svavarsdottir, K. & Bau, A. Clonal variability of native willows (Salix pylicifofia and Salix lanata) in Iceland and implications for use in restoration. Icel. Agric. Sci. 20, 61–72 (2007).
Google Scholar 
Egelund, B., Pertoldi, C. & Barfod, A. S. Isolation and reduced gene flow among Faroese populations of tea-leaved willow (Salix phylicifolia, Salicaceae). N. J. Bot. J. Bot. Soc. B. Isles 2, 9–15 (2012).
Google Scholar 
Van Puyvelde, K. & Triest, L. ISSRs indicate isolation by distance and spatial structuring in Salix alba populations along Alpine upstream rivers (Alto Adige and Upper Rhine). Belg. J. Bot. 140, 100–108 (2007).
Google Scholar 
Ngeve, M. N., Van der Stocken, T., Sierens, T., Koedam, N. & Triest, L. Bidirectional gene flow on a mangrove river landscape and between-catchment dispersal of Rhizophora racemosa (Rhizophoraceae). Hydrobiologia 790, 93–108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-3021-2 (2017).Article 

Google Scholar 
Werth, S., Schoedl, M. & Scheidegger, C. Dams and canyons disrupt gene flow among populations of a threatened riparian plant. Freshw. Biol. 59, 2502–2515 (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Pollux, B. J. A., Luteijn, A., Van-Groenendael, J. M., Ouborg, N. J. & Ouborg, N. J. Gene flow and genetic structure of the aquatic macrophyte Sparganium emersum in a linear unidirectional river. Freshw. Biol. 54, 64–76 (2009).Article 

Google Scholar 
Davis, C., Epps, C., Flitcroft, R. & Banks, M. Refining and defining riverscape genetics: How rivers influence population genetic structure. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Water 5, e1269 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Vega-Retter, C. et al. Dammed river: Short- and long-term consequences for fish species inhabiting a river in a Mediterranean climate in central Chile. Aquat. Conserv.Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 30, 2254–2268. https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3425 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Rannala, B. & Mountain, J. L. Detecting immigration by using multilocus genotypes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 9197–9201 (1997).ADS 
CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Altermatt, F., Alther, R. & Mächler, E. Spatial patterns of genetic diversity, community composition and occurrence of native and non-native amphipods in naturally replicated tributary streams. BMC Ecol. 16, 23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-016-0079-7 (2016).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Paz-Vinas, I. et al. Systematic conservation planning for intraspecific genetic diversity. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B: Biol. Sci. 285, 20172746. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2746 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Sitzia, T., Kudrnovsky, H., Müller, N. & Michielon, B. Biological flora of Central Europe Myricaria germanica (L.) Desv. Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 52, 125629. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ppees.2021.125629 (2021).Article 

Google Scholar 
Egger, G., Steineder, R. & Angermann, K. Verbreitung und Erhaltungszustand des FFH-Lebensraumtyps 3230 “Alpine Flüsse mit Ufergehölzen von Myricaria germanica” an der Isel und deren Zubringern (Osttirol, Österreich). Carinthia II 204, 391–432 (2014).
Google Scholar 
Schletterer, M., Gewolf, S., Egger, G. & Fink, S. Forschungsprojekt Tamariske: Genetische Untersuchung von Populationen an der Isel – Dokumentation der Beprobungen 2018. 32 (Innbruck, 2019).Scheidegger, C. & Wiedmer, A. Genetische Untersuchung zur Deutschen Tamariske in Tirol. (Eidg. Forschungsanstalt WSL, Birmensdorf, 2014).Hedrick, P., Lacy, R., Allendorf, F. & Soule, M. Directions in conservation biology: Comments on caughley. Conserv. Biol. 10, 1312–1320 (1996).Article 

Google Scholar 
Sampson, J., Byrne, M., Gibson, N. & Yates, C. Limiting inbreeding in disjunct and isolated populations of a woody shrub. Ecol. Evol. 6, 5867–5880 (2016).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Kudrnovsky, H. & Stöhr, O. Myricaria germanica (L.) Desv. historisch und aktuell in Österreich: Ein dramatischer Rückgang einer Indikatorart von europäischem Interesse. STAPFIA Rep. 99, 13–34 (2013).
Google Scholar 
Hoban, S. et al. Genetic diversity targets and indicators in the CBD post-2020 global biodiversity framework must be improved. Biol. Conserv. 248, 108654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108654 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Auffret, A. G., Plue, J. & Cousins, S. A. O. The spatial and temporal components of functional connectivity in fragmented landscapes. Ambio 44, 51–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0588-6 (2015).Article 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Herrmann, J. et al. Connectivity from a different perspective: Comparing seed dispersal kernels in connected vs. unfragmented landscapes. Ecology 97, 1274–1282 (2016).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mortelliti, A., Amori, G. & Boitani, L. The role of habitat quality in fragmented landscapes: A conceptual overview and prospectus for future research. Oecologia 163, 535–547 (2010).ADS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mosner, E., Liepelt, S., Ziegenhagen, B. & Leyer, I. Floodplain willows in fragmented river landscapes: Understanding spatio-temporal genetic patterns as a basis for restoration plantings. Biol. Conserv. 153, 211–218 (2012).Article 

Google Scholar 
Chambers, J., MacMahon, J. & Brown, R. Alpine seedling establishment: The influence of disturbance type. Ecology 71, 1323–1341 (1990).Article 

Google Scholar 
Bill, H.-C. Besiedlungsdynamik und Populationsbiologie charakteristischer Pionierpflanzenarten nordalpiner Wildflüsse PhD thesis, Philipps-Universität Marburg, (2000).Lite, S. J., Bagstad, K. J. & Stromberg, J. C. Riparian plant species richness along lateral and longitudinal gradients of water stress and flood disturbance, San Pedro River, Arizona, USA. J. Arid Environ. 63, 785–813. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.03.026 (2005).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Andersson, E., Nilsson, C. & Johansson, M. E. Plant dispersal in boreal rivers and its relation to the diversity of riparian flora. J. Biogeogr. 27, 1095–1106 (2000).Article 

Google Scholar 
Aguiar, F. et al. The abundance and distribution of guilds of riparian woody plants change in response to land use and flow regulation. J. Appl. Ecol. 55, 2227–2240 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Leyer, I. Dispersal, diversity and distribution patterns in pioneer vegetation: The role of river-floodplain connectivity. J. Veg. Sci. 17, 407–416 (2006).Article 

Google Scholar 
Crookes, S. & Shaw, P. W. Isolation by distance and non-identical patterns of gene flow within two river populations of the freshwater fish Rutilus rutilus (L. 1758). Conserv. Genet. 17, 861–874. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-016-0828-3 (2016).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Werth, S. & Scheidegger, C. Gene flow within and between catchments in the threatened riparian plant Myricaria germanica. PLoS ONE 9, e99400 (2014).ADS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Jacquemyn, H., Honnay, O., Van Looy, K. & Breyne, P. Spatiotemporal structure of genetic variation of a spreading plant metapopulation on dynamic riverbanks along the Meuse River. Heredity 96, 471–478. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800825 (2006).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Mayer, C., Schiegg, K. & Pasinelli, G. Patchy population structure in a short-distance migrant: evidence from genetic and demographic data. Mol. Ecol. 18, 2353–2364 (2009).CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Benda, L. E. E. et al. The network dynamics hypothesis: How Channel networks structure riverine habitats. Bioscience 54, 413–427 (2004).Article 

Google Scholar 
Miettinen, A. et al. A large wild salmon stock shows genetic and life history differentiation within, but not between, rivers. Conserv. Genet. 22, 35–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-020-01317-y (2021).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Fink, S., Lanz, T., Stecher, R. & Scheidegger, C. Colonization potential of an endangered riparian shrub species. Biodivers. Conserv. 26, 2099–2114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1347-3 (2017).Article 

Google Scholar 
Merritt, D. & Wohl, E. Plant dispersal along rivers fragmented by dams. River Res. Appl. 22, 1–26 (2006).Article 

Google Scholar 
Sitzia, T., Michielon, B., Iacopino, S. & Kotze, D. J. Population dynamics of the endangered shrub Myricaria germanica in a regulated Alpine river is influenced by active channel width and distance to check dams. Ecol. Eng. 95, 828–838 (2016).Article 

Google Scholar 
Wöllner, R., Scheidegger, C. & Fink, S. Gene flow in a highly dynamic habitat and a single founder event: Proof from a plant population on a relocated river site. Glob. Ecol. Conserv. 28, e01686. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01686 (2021).McLaughlin, B. et al. Hydrologic refugia, plants, and climate change. Glob. Change Biol. 23, 2941–2961 (2017).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Chiu, M. C. et al. Branching networks can have opposing influences on genetic variation in riverine metapopulations. bioRxiv https://doi.org/10.1101/550194 (2020).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Catford, J. & Jansson, R. Drowned, buried and carried away: Effects of plant traits on the distribution of native and alien species in riparian ecosystems. New Phytol. 204, 19–36 (2014).PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Schletterer, M. & Scheiber, T. Wiederansiedlung der deutschen tamariske (Myricaria germanica (L.) DESV.) an der Leutascher Ache (Nordtirol, Österreich). B. Naturwiss. Med. Ver. Innsbr. 95, 53–65 (2008).
Google Scholar 
Riehl, S. & Zehm, A. in ANLiegen Natur Vol. 40, 17–20 (ANL Bayern, Laufen, 2017).Egger, G., Angermann, K. & Gruber, A. Wiederansiedlung der Deutschen Tamariske (Myricaria germanica (L.) Desv.) in Kärnten. Carinthia II 393–418 (2010).Kudrnovsky, H. Alpine rivers and their ligneous vegetation with Myricaria germanica and riverine landscape diversity in the Eastern Alps: Proposing the Isel river system for the Natura 2000 network. Eco. Mont 5, 5–18 (2013).
Google Scholar 
Lener, F. P. Etablierung und Entwicklung der Deutschen Tamariske (Myricaria germanica) an der oberen Drau in Kärnten Master thesis (University of Vienna, Vienna, 2011).
Google Scholar 
Schiechtl, H. M. in Alpenländ. Bienenzeitung Vol. 4 125–131 (1957).Bill, H.-C., Poschlod, P., Reich, M. & Plachter, H. Experiments and observations on seed dispersal by running water in an Alpine floodplain. Bull. Geobot. Inst. ETH 65, 13–28 (1999).
Google Scholar 
Nilsson, C., Brown, R., Jansson, R. & Merritt, D. The role of hydrochory in structuring riparian and wetland vegetation. Biol. Rev. 85, 837–858 (2010).PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Lener, F. P., Egger, G. & Karrer, G. Sprossaufbau und entwicklung der deutschen tamariske (Myricaria germanica) an der Oberen Drau (Kärnten, Österreich). Carinthia II(203), 515–552 (2013).
Google Scholar 
Werth, S. & Scheidegger, C. Isolation and characterization of 22 nuclear and 5 chloroplast microsatellite loci in the threatened riparian plant Myricaria germanica (Tamaricaceae, Caryophyllales). Conserv. Genet. Resour. 3, 445–448 (2011).Article 

Google Scholar 
R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Found. Stat. Comp., (2016).Excoffier, L., Laval, G. & Schneider, S. Arlequin ver 3.0: An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evol. Bioinform. Online 1, 47–50 (2005).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Cornuet, J. M. & Luikart, G. Description and power analysis of two tests for detecting recent population bottlenecks from allele frequency data. Genetics 144, 2001–2014 (1996).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Luikart, G., Allendorf, F. W., Cornuet, J. M. & Sherwin, W. B. Distortion of allele frequency distributions provides a test for recent population bottlenecks. J. Hered. 89, 238–247. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/89.3.238 (1998).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Falush, D., Stephens, M. & Pritchard, J. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data: Dominant markers and null alleles. Mol. Ecol. Notes 7, 574–578 (2007).CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Earl, D. A. & von Holdt, B. M. STRUCTURE HARVESTER: A website and program for visualizing STRUCTURE output and implementing the Evanno method. Conserv. Genet. Res. 4, 359–361 (2012).Article 

Google Scholar 
Smouse, P. E., Peakall, R., GenAlEx 6.5: genetic analysis in Excel. Population genetic software for teaching and research—an update. Bioinformatics 28, 2537–2539. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bts460 (2012).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Piry, S. et al. GENECLASS2: A software for genetic assignment and first-generation migrant detection. J. Hered. 95, 536–539. https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esh074 (2004).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Paetkau, D., Slade, R., Burden, M. & Estoup, A. Genetic assignment methods for the direct, real-time estimation of migration rate: A simulation-based exploration of accuracy and power. Mol. Ecol. 13, 55–65. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2004.02008.x (2004).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Wilson, G. A. & Rannala, B. Bayesian inference of recent migration rates using multilocus genotypes. Genetics 163, 1177–1191 (2003).PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Rannala, B. (ed University of California Davis) 1–12 (2007).Rambaut, A., Drummond, A. J., Xie, D., Baele, G. & Suchard, M. A. Posterior summarization in bayesian phylogenetics using Tracer 1.7. Syst. Biol. 67, 901–904. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syy032 (2018).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Meirmans, P. G. Nonconvergence in Bayesian estimation of migration rates. Mol. Ecol. Resour. 14, 726–733. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.12216 (2014).Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Greenland, S. et al. Statistical tests, P values, confidence intervals, and power: A guide to misinterpretations. Eur. J. Epidemiol. 31, 337–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-016-0149-3 (2016).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar  More

Regional distribution of airborne and surface water bacterial phyla in the Pacific and Atlantic oceansThe two open ocean sailing transects examined in this study included the western Pacific path, sampled in May 2017 from Keelung, Taiwan, towards Fiji (Fig. 1a and Supplementary Data 1), and the Atlantic crossing, sampled in June 2016 from Lorient, France, to Miami, USA (Fig. 1b and Supplementary Data 1). In the water, we found a higher homogeneity in phyla distribution within each transect (significantly lower Euclidean distances between centered log-ratio (CLR)-converted phyla counts (betadispar): Atlantic: 0.3212 compared to 0.4229 in the air, ANOVA (with Tukey’s post hoc), p  More

Jones, J. T. et al. Top 10 plant-parasitic nematodes in molecular plant pathology. Mol. Plant Pathol. 14, 946–961. https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12057 (2013).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Collange, B., Navarrete, M., Peyre, G., Mateille, T. & Tchamitchian, M. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne) management in vegetable crop production: The challenge of an agronomic system analysis. Crop Prot. 30, 1251–1262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2011.04.016 (2011).Article 

Google Scholar 
Nyaku, S. T., Affokpon, A., Danquah, A. & Brentu, F. C. in Nematology–concepts, diagnosis and control (eds Mohammad Manjur Shah & Mohammad Mahamood) 153–182 (IntechOpen, 2017).Desaeger, J., Wram, C. & Zasada, I. New reduced-risk agricultural nematicides-rationale and review. J. Nematol. 52, 1 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Dong, L. & Zhang, K. Microbial control of plant-parasitic nematodes: a five-party interaction. Plant Soil 288, 31–45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-006-9009-3 (2006).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Singh, S., Singh, B. & Singh, A. Nematodes: A threat to sustainability of agriculture. Procedia Environ. Sci. 29, 215–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.270 (2015).Article 

Google Scholar 
Oka, Y. Mechanisms of nematode suppression by organic soil amendments—A review. Appl. Soil Ecol. 44, 101–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2009.11.003 (2010).Article 

Google Scholar 
Yue, X., Li, F. & Wang, B. Activity of four nematicides against Meloidogyne incognita race 2 on tomato plants. J. Phytopathol. 168, 399–404. https://doi.org/10.1111/jph.12904 (2020).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Huang, W.-K. et al. Mutations in Acetylcholinesterase2 (ace 2) increase the insensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to fosthiazate in the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. Sci. Rep. 6, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38102 (2016).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Yoon, Y., Kim, E.-S., Hwang, Y.-S. & Choi, C.-Y. Avermectin: Biochemical and molecular basis of its biosynthesis and regulation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 63, 626–634. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-003-1491-4 (2004).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Wolstenholme, A. J. & Rogers, A. Glutamate-gated chloride channels and the mode of action of the avermectin/milbemycin anthelmintics. Parasitology 131, S85–S95. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0031182005008218 (2005).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Haydock, P., Woods, S., Grove, I. & Hare, M. in Plant nematology (eds Roland N Perry & Maurice Moens) 459–479 (CABI, 2013).Forghani, F. & Hajihassani, A. Recent advances in the development of environmentally benign treatments to control root-knot nematodes. Front. Plant Sci. 11, 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01125 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Lugtenberg, B. & Kamilova, F. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 63, 541–556. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.micro.62.081307.162918 (2009).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Mhatre, P. H. et al. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): a potential alternative tool for nematodes bio-control. Biocatal. Agr. Biotechnol. 17, 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcab.2018.11.009 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Eissa, M. F. & Abd-Elgawad, M. M. in Biocontrol agents of phytonematodes (eds Tarique Hassan Askary & Paulo Roberto Martinelli) 217–243 (CABI, 2015).Luo, T., Hou, S., Yang, L., Qi, G. & Zhao, X. Nematodes avoid and are killed by Bacillus mycoides-produced styrene. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 159, 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2018.09.006 (2018).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Siddiqui, I. & Shaukat, S. Systemic resistance in tomato induced by biocontrol bacteria against the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne javanica is independent of salicylic acid production. J. Phytopathol. 152, 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0434.2003.00800.x (2004).Article 

Google Scholar 
Li, W. et al. Broad spectrum anti-biotic activity and disease suppression by the potential biocontrol agent Burkholderia ambifaria BC-F. Crop Protect. 21, 129–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-2194(01)00074-6 (2002).Article 

Google Scholar 
Khanna, K. et al. Role of plant growth promoting Bacteria (PGPRs) as biocontrol agents of Meloidogyne incognita through improved plant defense of Lycopersicon esculentum. Plant. Soil 436, 325–345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-019-03932-2 (2019).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Subedi, P., Gattoni, K., Liu, W., Lawrence, K. S. & Park, S.-W. Current utility of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as biological control agents towards plant-parasitic nematodes. Plants 9, 1167. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9091167 (2020).CAS 
Article 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Oka, Y. et al. New strategies for the control of plant-parasitic nematodes. Pest Manag. Sci. 56, 983–988. https://doi.org/10.1002/1526-4998(200011)56:11%3c983::AID-PS233%3e3.0.CO;2-X (2000).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ralmi, N. H. A. A., Khandaker, M. M. & Mat, N. Occurrence and control of root knot nematode in crops: A review. Aust. J. Crop Sci. 11, 1649 (2016).Article 

Google Scholar 
Topalović, O. & Heuer, H. Plant-nematode interactions assisted by microbes in the rhizosphere. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 30, 75–88 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Olanrewaju, O. S., Ayangbenro, A. S., Glick, B. R. & Babalola, O. O. Plant health: Feedback effect of root exudates-rhizobiome interactions. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 103, 1155–1166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-9556-6 (2019).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Handley, K. M. et al. Biostimulation induces syntrophic interactions that impact C, S and N cycling in a sediment microbial community. ISME J. 7, 800–816. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2012.148 (2013).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Tang, Y. et al. Changes in nitrogen-cycling microbial communities with depth in temperate and subtropical forest soils. Appl. Soil Ecol. 124, 218–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.10.029 (2018).ADS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Babić, K. H. et al. Influence of different Sinorhizobium meliloti inocula on abundance of genes involved in nitrogen transformations in the rhizosphere of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Environ. Microbiol. 10, 2922–2930 (2008).Article 

Google Scholar 
Ke, X. et al. Effect of inoculation with nitrogen-fixing bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501 on maize plant growth and the microbiome indigenous to the rhizosphere. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 42, 248–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2018.10.010 (2019).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Hogan, G. et al. Microbiome analysis as a platform R&D tool for parasitic nematode disease management. ISME J. 13, 2664–2680. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-019-0462-4 (2019).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Wu, Y. et al. Draft genome sequence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain B418, a promising agent for biocontrol of plant pathogens and root-knot nematode. Genome Announc. 3, e00015-00015. https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00015-15 (2015).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Wang, Y. et al. Isolation and identification of nematicidal active substance from Burkholderia vietnamiensis B418. Plant Prot. 40, 65–69 (2014).
Google Scholar 
Li, S., Li, J., Xu, W., Chen, K. & Yang, H. Field efficacy test of biocontrol agent YKT41 and B418 against eggplant root-knot nematode disease. Shandong Sci. 24, 10–13 (2011).CAS 

Google Scholar 
Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, B., Pan, M. & Li, J. Field trial of Burkholderia vietnamiensis and its composite microbial flora on cucumber root-knot nematode. Shandong Sci. 31, 39. https://doi.org/10.3976/j.issn.1002-4026.2018.01.007 (2018).Article 

Google Scholar 
Saad, A.-F.S., Massoud, M. A., Ibrahim, H. S. & Khalil, M. S. Management study for the root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne incognita on tomatoes using fosthiazate and arbiscular mycorrhiza fungus. J. Adv. Agric. Res. 16, 137–147 (2011).
Google Scholar 
Huang, W.-K. et al. Efficacy evaluation of fungus Syncephalastrum racemosum and nematicide avermectin against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on cucumber. PLoS ONE 9, e89717. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089717 (2014).ADS 
CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Jayakumar, J. & Ramakrishnan, S. Evaluation of avermectin and its combination with nematicide and bioagents against root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in tomato. J. Biol. Control 23, 317–319 (2009).
Google Scholar 
Moosavi, M. & Zare, R. in Biocontrol Agents of Phytonematodes (eds Tarique Hassan Askary & Paulo Roberto Martinelli) 423–445 (CABI, 2015).Berendsen, R. L., Pieterse, C. M. & Bakker, P. A. The rhizosphere microbiome and plant health. Trends Plant Sci. 17, 478–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2012.04.001 (2012).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Reinhold-Hurek, B., Bünger, W., Burbano, C. S., Sabale, M. & Hurek, T. Roots shaping their microbiome: Global hotspots for microbial activity. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 53, 403–424. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082712-102342 (2015).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Ahemad, M. & Kibret, M. Mechanisms and applications of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: Current perspective. J. King Saud Univ.-Sci. 26, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2013.05.001 (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Ciccillo, F. et al. Effects of two different application methods of Burkholderia ambifaria MCI 7 on plant growth and rhizospheric bacterial diversity. Environ. Microbiol. 4, 238–245. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2002.00291.x (2002).Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Jo, H. et al. Response of soil bacterial community and pepper plant growth to application of Bacillus thuringiensis KNU-07. Agronomy 10, 551. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040551 (2020).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Wang, J. et al. Traits-based integration of multi-species inoculants facilitates shifts of indigenous soil bacterial community. Front. Microbiol. 9, 1692. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01692 (2018).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Welbaum, G. E., Sturz, A. V., Dong, Z. & Nowak, J. Managing soil microorganisms to improve productivity of agro-ecosystems. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 23, 175–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352680490433295 (2004).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mendes, R., Garbeva, P. & Raaijmakers, J. M. The rhizosphere microbiome: Significance of plant beneficial, plant pathogenic, and human pathogenic microorganisms. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 37, 634–663. https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6976.12028 (2013).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Li, J. et al. Trichoderma harzianum inoculation reduces the incidence of clubroot disease in Chinese cabbage by regulating the rhizosphere microbial community. Microorganisms 8, 1325. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091325 (2020).CAS 
Article 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Song, L. et al. Regular biochar and bacteria-inoculated biochar alter the composition of the microbial community in the soil of a Chinese fir plantation. Forests 11, 951. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11090951 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Mendes, R. et al. Deciphering the rhizosphere microbiome for disease-suppressive bacteria. Science 332, 1097–1100. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1203980 (2011).ADS 
CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Palaniyandi, S. A., Yang, S. H., Zhang, L. & Suh, J.-W. Effects of actinobacteria on plant disease suppression and growth promotion. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 97, 9621–9636. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-013-5206-1 (2013).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Zhou, D. et al. Rhizosphere microbiomes from root knot nematode non-infested plants suppress nematode infection. Microbial Ecol. 78, 470–481. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019-01319-5 (2019).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Zou, Y. et al. Metagenomic insights into the effect of oxytetracycline on microbial structures, functions and functional genes in sediment denitrification. Ecotox. Environ. Safe. 161, 85–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.045 (2018).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Kong, Z. et al. Seasonal dynamics of the bacterioplankton community in a large, shallow, highly dynamic freshwater lake. Can. J. Microbiol. 64, 786–797. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2018-0126 (2018).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Bach, E. M., Williams, R. J., Hargreaves, S. K., Yang, F. & Hofmockel, K. S. Greatest soil microbial diversity found in micro-habitats. Soil Biol. Biochem. 118, 217–226. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2017.12.018 (2018).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Wang, W. et al. Predatory Myxococcales are widely distributed in and closely correlated with the bacterial community structure of agricultural land. Appl. Soil Ecol. 146, 103365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2019.103365 (2020).Article 

Google Scholar 
Schmidt, J. E., Kent, A. D., Brisson, V. L. & Gaudin, A. C. Agricultural management and plant selection interactively affect rhizosphere microbial community structure and nitrogen cycling. Microbiome 7, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0756-9 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Hu, W., Strom, N., Haarith, D., Chen, S. & Bushley, K. E. Mycobiome of cysts of the soybean cyst nematode under long term crop rotation. Front. Microbiol. 9, 386. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00386 (2018).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Li, W.-H. & Liu, Q.-Z. Changes in fungal community and diversity in strawberry rhizosphere soil after 12 years in the greenhouse. J. Integ. Agric. 18, 677–687. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(18)62003-9 (2019).Article 

Google Scholar 
Qiu, W. et al. Organic fertilization assembles fungal communities of wheat rhizosphere soil and suppresses the population growth of Heterodera avenae in the field. Front. Plant Sci. 11, 1225. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.01225 (2020).Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Schardl, C. L., Leuchtmann, A. & Spiering, M. J. Symbioses of grasses with seedborne fungal endophytes. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 55, 315–340. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.55.031903.141735 (2004).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Edgington, S., Thompson, E., Moore, D., Hughes, K. A. & Bridge, P. Investigating the insecticidal potential of Geomyces (Myxotrichaceae: Helotiales) and Mortierella (Mortierellacea: Mortierellales) isolated from Antarctica. Springerplus 3, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-289 (2014).Article 

Google Scholar 
Yi, X. et al. Comparison of the abundance and community structure of N-Cycling bacteria in paddy rhizosphere soil under different rice cultivation patterns. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19, 3772. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123772 (2018).CAS 
Article 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Duval, S. et al. Electron transfer precedes ATP hydrolysis during nitrogenase catalysis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110, 16414–16419. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1311218110 (2013).ADS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Pham, V. T. et al. The plant growth-promoting effect of the nitrogen-fixing endophyte Pseudomonas stutzeri A15. Arch. Microbiol. 199, 513–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-016-1332-3 (2017).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Ouyang, Y., Evans, S. E., Friesen, M. L. & Tiemann, L. K. Effect of nitrogen fertilization on the abundance of nitrogen cycling genes in agricultural soils: a meta-analysis of field studies. Soil Biol. Biochem. 127, 71–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2018.08.024 (2018).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Dynarski, K. A. & Houlton, B. Z. Nutrient limitation of terrestrial free-living nitrogen fixation. New Phytol. 217, 1050–1061. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14905 (2018).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Kastl, E.-M., Schloter-Hai, B., Buegger, F. & Schloter, M. Impact of fertilization on the abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers at the root–soil interface of plants with different uptake strategies for nitrogen. Biol. Fert. Soils 51, 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-014-0948-1 (2015).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Bulgarelli, D. et al. Revealing structure and assembly cues for Arabidopsis root-inhabiting bacterial microbiota. Nature 488, 91–95. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11336 (2012).ADS 
CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Southey, J. in Laboratory methods for work with plants and soil nematodes (ed JF Southey) 42–44 (HMSO, 1986).Ladner, D. C., Tchounwou, P. B. & Lawrence, G. W. Evaluation of the effect of ecologic on root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, and tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculenum. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 5, 104–110. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph5020104 (2008).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Niu, D.-D. et al. Application of PSX biocontrol preparation confers root-knot nematode management and increased fruit quality in tomato under field conditions. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 26, 174–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2015.1085489.18 (2016).Article 

Google Scholar 
Klindworth, A. et al. Evaluation of general 16S ribosomal RNA gene PCR primers for classical and next-generation sequencing-based diversity studies. Nucl. Acids Res. 41, e1–e1. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks808 (2013).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Buee, M. et al. 454 Pyrosequencing analyses of forest soils reveal an unexpectedly high fungal diversity. New Phytol. 184, 449–456. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03003.x (2009).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Rösch, C., Mergel, A. & Bothe, H. Biodiversity of denitrifying and dinitrogen-fixing bacteria in an acid forest soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 3818–3829. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.8.3818-3829.2002 (2002).ADS 
CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Throbäck, I. N., Enwall, K., Jarvis, Å. & Hallin, S. Reassessing PCR primers targeting nirS, nirK and nosZ genes for community surveys of denitrifying bacteria with DGGE. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 49, 401–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.femsec.2004.04.011 (2004).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Edgar, R. C., Haas, B. J., Clemente, J. C., Quince, C. & Knight, R. UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection. Bioinformatics 27, 2194–2200. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btr381 (2011).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Caporaso, J. G. et al. QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data. Nat. Methods 7, 335–336. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.f.303 (2010).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Quast, C. et al. The SILVA ribosomal RNA gene database project: improved data processing and web-based tools. Nucl. Acids Res. 41, D590–D596. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gks1219 (2012).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Love, M. I., Huber, W. & Anders, S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 15, 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-014-0550-8 (2014).CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Lozupone, C. & Knight, R. UniFrac: A new phylogenetic method for comparing microbial communities. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71, 8228–8235. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.71.12.8228-8235.2005 (2005).ADS 
CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Parks, D. H., Tyson, G. W., Hugenholtz, P. & Beiko, R. G. STAMP: statistical analysis of taxonomic and functional profiles. Bioinformatics 30, 3123–3124. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btu494 (2014).CAS 
Article 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar  More

Duarte C, Middelburg JJ, Caraco N. Major role of marine vegetation on the oceanic carbon cycle. Biogeosciences. 2005;2:1–8.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Kloareg B, Quatrano RS. Structure of the cell walls of marine algae and ecophysiological functions of the matrix polysaccharides. Ocean Mar Biol Annu Rev. 1988;26:259–315.
Google Scholar 
Fletcher HR, Biller P, Ross AB, Adams JMM. The seasonal variation of fucoidan within three species of brown macroalgae. Algal Res. 2017;22:79–86.Article 

Google Scholar 
Deniaud-Bouët E, Hardouin K, Potin P, Kloareg B, Hervé C. A review about brown algal cell walls and fucose-containing sulfated polysaccharides: Cell wall context, biomedical properties and key research challenges. Carbohydr Polym. 2017;175:395–408.PubMed 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Haug A, Larsen B, Smidsrød O. Uronic acid sequence in alginate from different sources. Carbohydr Res. 1974;32:217–225.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Bruhn A, Janicek T, Manns D, Nielsen MM, Balsby TJS, Meyer AS, et al. Crude fucoidan content in two North Atlantic kelp species, Saccharina latissima and Laminaria digitata—seasonal variation and impact of environmental factors. J Appl Phycol. 2017;29:3121–3137.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ponce NMA, Stortz CA. A comprehensive and comparative analysis of the fucoidan compositional data across the Phaeophyceae. Front Plant Sci. 2020;11:556312.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Fleurence J. The enzymatic degradation of algal cell walls: A useful approach for improving protein accessibility? J Appl Phycol. 1999;11:313–314.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Verhaeghe EF, Fraysse A, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Devès G, Mioskowski C, et al. Microchemical imaging of iodine distribution in the brown alga Laminaria digitata suggests a new mechanism for its accumulation. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2008;13:257–269.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Schiener P, Black KD, Stanley MS, Green DH. The seasonal variation in the chemical composition of the kelp species Laminaria digitata, Laminaria hyperborea, Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta. J Appl Phycol. 2015;27:363–373.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Deniaud-Bouët E, Kervarec N, Michel G, Tonon T, Kloareg B, Hervé C. Chemical and enzymatic fractionation of cell walls from Fucales: Insights into the structure of the extracellular matrix of brown algae. Ann Bot. 2014;114:1203–1216.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Michel G, Tonon T, Scornet D, Cock JM, Kloareg B. Central and storage carbon metabolism of the brown alga Ectocarpus siliculosus: Insights into the origin and evolution of storage carbohydrates in Eukaryotes. N. Phytol. 2010;188:67–81.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mann K. Ecology of coastal waters—A systems approach, Berkeley: University of California Press; 1982.Egan S, Harder T, Burke C, Steinberg P, Kjelleberg S, Thomas T. The seaweed holobiont: Understanding seaweed-bacteria interactions. FEMS Microbiol Rev. 2013;37:462–476.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Kirchman DL. The ecology of Cytophaga-Flavobacteria in aquatic environments. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2002;39:91–100.CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Thomas F, Hehemann JH, Rebuffet E, Czjzek M, Michel G. Environmental and gut Bacteroidetes: The food connection. Front Microbiol. 2011;2:93.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Teeling H, Fuchs BM, Becher D, Klockow C, Gardebrecht A, Bennke CM, et al. Substrate-controlled succession of marine bacterioplankton populations induced by a phytoplankton bloom. Science. 2012;336:608–611.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Wietz M, Wemheuer B, Simon H, Giebel HA, Seibt MA, Daniel R, et al. Bacterial community dynamics during polysaccharide degradation at contrasting sites in the Southern and Atlantic Oceans. Environ Microbiol. 2015;17:3822–3831.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Arnosti C, Wietz M, Brinkhoff T, Hehemann J-H, Probant D, Zeugner L, et al. The biogeochemistry of marine polysaccharides: sources, inventories, and bacterial drivers of the carbohydrate cycle. Ann Rev Mar Sci. 2020;13:9.1–9.28.
Google Scholar 
Lombard V, Golaconda Ramulu H, Drula E, Coutinho PM, Henrissat B. The carbohydrate-active enzymes database (CAZy) in 2013. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014;42:490–495.Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Barbeyron T, Brillet-Guéguen L, Carré W, Carrière C, Caron C, Czjzek M, et al. Matching the diversity of sulfated biomolecules: Creation of a classification database for sulfatases reflecting their substrate specificity. PLoS One. 2016;11:1–33.Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Tang K, Lin Y, Han Y, Jiao N. Characterization of potential polysaccharide utilization systems in the marine Bacteroidetes Gramella flava JLT2011 using a multi-omics approach. Front Microbiol. 2017;8:220.PubMed 
PubMed Central 

Google Scholar 
Zhu Y, Chen P, Bao Y, Men Y, Zeng Y, Yang J, et al. Complete genome sequence and transcriptomic analysis of a novel marine strain Bacillus weihaiensis reveals the mechanism of brown algae degradation. Sci Rep. 2016;6:38248.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Thomas F, Bordron P, Eveillard D, Michel G. Gene expression analysis of Zobellia galactanivorans during the degradation of algal polysaccharides reveals both substrate-specific and shared transcriptome-wide responses. Front Microbiol. 2017;8:1808.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Ficko-Blean E, Préchoux A, Thomas F, Rochat T, Larocque R, Zhu Y, et al. Carrageenan catabolism is encoded by a complex regulon in marine heterotrophic bacteria. Nat Commun. 2017;8:1685.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Koch H, Dürwald A, Schweder T, Noriega-Ortega B, Vidal-Melgosa S, Hehemann JH, et al. Biphasic cellular adaptations and ecological implications of Alteromonas macleodii degrading a mixture of algal polysaccharides. ISME J. 2019;13:92–103.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Bunse C, Koch H, Breider S, Simon M, Wietz M. Sweet spheres: succession and CAZyme expression of marine bacterial communities colonizing a mix of alginate and pectin particles. Environ Microbiol. 2021;23:3130–3148.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Hehemann JH, Arevalo P, Datta MS, Yu X, Corzett CH, Henschel A, et al. Adaptive radiation by waves of gene transfer leads to fine-scale resource partitioning in marine microbes. Nat Commun. 2016;7:12860.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Gralka M, Szabo R, Stocker R, Cordero OX. Trophic interactions and the drivers of microbial community assembly. Curr Biol. 2020;30:R1176–R1188.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Jiménez DJ, Dini-Andreote F, DeAngelis KM, Singer SW, Salles JF, van Elsas JD. Ecological insights into the dynamics of plant biomass-degrading microbial consortia. Trends Microbiol. 2017;25:788–796.PubMed 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Kang S, Kim JK. Reuse of red seaweed waste by a novel bacterium, Bacillus sp. SYR4 isolated from a sandbar. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2015;31:209–217.PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Jonnadula R, Verma P, Shouche YS, Ghadi SC. Characterization of Microbulbifer strain CMC-5, a new biochemical variant of Microbulbifer elongatus type strain DSM6810T isolated from decomposing seaweeds. Curr Microbiol. 2009;59:600–607.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Martin M, Barbeyron T, Martin R, Portetelle D, Michel G, Vandenbol M. The cultivable surface microbiota of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum is enriched in macroalgal-polysaccharide-degrading bacteria. Front Microbiol. 2015;6:1487.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Dogs M, Wemheuer B, Wolter L, Bergen N, Daniel R, Simon M, et al. Rhodobacteraceae on the marine brown alga Fucus spiralis are abundant and show physiological adaptation to an epiphytic lifestyle. Syst Appl Microbiol. 2017;40:370–382.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Brunet M, le Duff N, Fuchs B, Amann R, Barbeyron T, Thomas F. Specific detection and quantification of the marine flavobacterial genus Zobellia on macroalgae using novel qPCR and CARD-FISH assays. Syst Appl Microbiol. 2021;44:126269.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Barbeyron T, L’Haridon S, Corre E, Kloareg B, Potin P. Zobellia galactanovorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine species of Flavobacteriaceae isolated from a red alga, and classification of [Cytophaga] uliginosa (ZoBell and Upham 1944) Reichenbach 1989 as Zobellia uliginosa gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001;51:985–997.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Barbeyron T, Thiébaud M, Le Duff N, Martin M, Corre E, Tanguy G, et al. Zobellia roscoffensis sp. nov. and Zobellia nedashkovskayae sp. nov., two flavobacteria from the epiphytic microbiota of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum, and emended description of the genus Zobellia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2021;71:004913.Nedashkovskaya OI, Suzuki M, Vancanneyt M, Cleenwerck I, Lysenko AM, Mikhailov VV, et al. Zobellia amurskyensis sp. nov., Zobellia laminariae sp. nov. and Zobellia russellii sp. nov., novel marine bacteria of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2004;54:1643–1648.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Nedashkovskaya O, Otstavnykh N, Zhukova N, Guzev K, Chausova V, Tekutyeva L, et al. Zobellia barbeyronii sp. nov., a new member of the family Flavobacteriaceae, isolated from seaweed, and emended description of the species Z. amurskyensis, Z. laminariae, Z. russellii and Z. uliginosa. Diversity. 2021;13:520.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Chernysheva N, Bystritskaya E, Stenkova A, Golovkin I. Comparative genomics and CAZyme genome repertoires of marine Zobellia amurskyensis KMM 3526T and Zobellia laminariae KMM 3676T. Mar Drugs. 2019;17:661.CAS 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Chernysheva N, Bystritskaya E, Likhatskaya G, Nedashkovskaya O, Isaeva M. Genome-wide analysis of PL7 alginate lyases in the genus Zobellia. Molecules. 2021;26:2387.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Barbeyron T, Thomas F, Barbe V, Teeling H, Schenowitz C, Dossat C, et al. Habitat and taxon as driving forces of carbohydrate catabolism in marine heterotrophic bacteria: Example of the model algae-associated bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT. Environ Microbiol. 2016;18:4610–4627.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Potin P, Sanseau A, Le Gall Y, Rochas C, Kloareg B. Purification and characterization of a new k‐carrageenase from a marine Cytophaga‐like bacterium. Eur J Biochem. 1991;201:241–247.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Lami R, Grimaud R, Sanchez-Brosseau S, Six C, Thomas F, West NJ, et al. Marine bacterial models for experimental biology. In: Boutet A, Schierwater B, editors. Handbook of Marine Model Organisms in Experimental Biology. London: Taylor & Francis Ltd; 2021.Dudek M, Dieudonné A, Jouanneau D, Rochat T, Michel G, Sarels B, et al. Regulation of alginate catabolism involves a GntR family repressor in the marine flavobacterium Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT. Nucleic Acids Res. 2020;48:7786–7800.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Thomas F, Lundqvist LCE, Jam M, Jeudy A, Barbeyron T, Sandström C, et al. Comparative characterization of two marine alginate lyases from Zobellia galactanivorans reveals distinct modes of action and exquisite adaptation to their natural substrate. J Biol Chem. 2013;288:23021–23037.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Thomas F, Barbeyron T, Tonon T, Génicot S, Czjzek M, Michel G. Characterization of the first alginolytic operons in a marine bacterium: from their emergence in marine Flavobacteriia to their independent transfers to marine Proteobacteria and human gut Bacteroides. Environ Microbiol. 2012;14:2379–94.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Jam M, Flament D, Allouch J, Potin P, Thion L, Kloareg B, et al. The endo-β-agarases AgaA and AgaB from the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans: Two paralogue enzymes with different molecular organizations and catalytic behaviours. Biochem J. 2005;385:703–713.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Hehemann JH, Correc G, Thomas F, Bernard T, Barbeyron T, Jam M, et al. Biochemical and structural characterization of the complex agarolytic enzyme system from the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans. J Biol Chem. 2012;287:30571–30584.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Labourel A, Jam M, Jeudy A, Hehemann JH, Czjzek M, Michel G. The β-glucanase ZgLamA from Zobellia galactanivorans evolved a bent active site adapted for efficient degradation of algal laminarin. J Biol Chem. 2014;289:2027–2042.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Labourel A, Jam M, Legentil L, Sylla B, Hehemann JH, Ferrières V, et al. Structural and biochemical characterization of the laminarinase ZgLamCGH16 from Zobellia galactanivorans suggests preferred recognition of branched laminarin. Acta Crystallogr. 2015;D71:173–184.
Google Scholar 
Dorival J, Ruppert S, Gunnoo M, Orłowski A, Chapelais-Baron M, Dabin J, et al. The laterally-acquired GH5 ZgEngAGH5_4 from the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans is dedicated to hemicellulose hydrolysis. Biochem J. 2018;475:3609–3628.PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Groisillier A, Labourel A, Michel G, Tonon T. The mannitol utilization system of the marine bacterium Zobellia galactanivorans. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015;81:1799–1812.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Fournier JB, Rebuffet E, Delage L, Grijol R, Meslet-Cladière L, Rzonca J, et al. The vanadium iodoperoxidase from the marine Flavobacteriaceae species Zobellia galactanivorans reveals novel molecular and evolutionary features of halide specificity in the vanadium haloperoxidase enzyme family. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014;80:7561–7573.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Grigorian E, Groisillier A, Thomas F, Leblanc C, Delage L. Functional characterization of a L-2-haloacid dehalogenase from Zobellia galactanivorans DsijT suggests a role in haloacetic acid catabolism and a wide distribution in marine environments. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:725997.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Zhu Y, Thomas F, Larocque R, Li N, Duffieux D, Cladière L, et al. Genetic analyses unravel the crucial role of a horizontally acquired alginate lyase for brown algal biomass degradation by Zobellia galactanivorans. Environ Microbiol. 2017;19:2164–2181.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Zablackis E, Perez J. A partially pyruvated carrageenan from hawaiian Grateloupia filicina (Cryptonemiales, Rhodophyta). Bot Mar. 1990;33:273–276.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Filisetti-Cozzi T, Carpita N. Measurement of uronic acids without interference from neutral sugars. Anal Biochem. 1991;197:15162.Article 

Google Scholar 
Blumenkrantz N, Asboe-Hansen G. New method for quantitative determination of uronic acids. Anal Biochem. 1973;54:484–489.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Cumashi A, Ushakova NA, Preobrazhenskaya ME, D’Incecco A, Piccoli A, Totani L, et al. A comparative study of the anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, antiangiogenic, and antiadhesive activities of nine different fucoidans from brown seaweeds. Glycobiology. 2007;17:541–552.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Jung SY, Oh TK, Yoon JH. Tenacibaculum aestuarii sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat sediment in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2006;56:1577–1581.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
ZoBell C. Studies on marine bacteria. I. The cultural requirements of heterotrophic aerobes. J Mar Res. 1941;4:75.
Google Scholar 
Klindworth A, Pruesse E, Schweer T, Peplies J, Quast C, Horn M, et al. Evaluation of general 16S ribosomal RNA gene PCR primers for classical and next-generation sequencing-based diversity studies. Nucleic Acids Res. 2013;41:e1.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Patro R, Duggal G, Love MI, Irizarry RA, Kingsford C. Salmon provides fast and bias-aware quantification of transcript expression. Nat Methods. 2017;14:417–419.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Vallenet D, Calteau A, Dubois M, Amours P, Bazin A, Beuvin M, et al. MicroScope: An integrated platform for the annotation and exploration of microbial gene functions through genomic, pangenomic and metabolic comparative analysis. Nucleic Acids Res. 2020;48:D579–D589.CAS 
PubMed 

Google Scholar 
Langmead B, Salzberg SL. Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2. Nat Methods. 2012;9:357–359.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Li H, Handsaker B, Wysoker A, Fennell T, Ruan J, Homer N, et al. The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools. Bioinformatics. 2009;25:2078–2079.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Thomas F, Barbeyron T, Michel G. Evaluation of reference genes for real-time quantitative PCR in the marine flavobacterium Zobellia galactanivorans. J Microbiol Methods. 2011;84:61–6.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Robinson JT, Thorvaldsdóttir H, Winckler W, Guttman M, Lander ES, Getz G, et al. Integrative genomics viewer. Nat Biotechnol. 2011;29:24–26.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Love MI, Huber W, Anders S. Moderated estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 2014;15:1–21.Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. 2018. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. https://www.R-project.org/.Lex A, Gehlenborg N, Strobelt H. UpSet: Visualization of intersecting sets. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2014;20:1983–1992.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Krassowski M. krassowski/complex-upset. 2020. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3700590.Murtagh F, Legendre P. Ward’s hierarchical clustering method: clustering criterion and agglomerative algorithm. J Classif. 2014;31:274–295.Article 

Google Scholar 
Wickham H Use R! ggplot2: Elegant graphics for data analysis. 2nd ed. London: Springer; 2016.Kidby DK, Davidson DJ. Ferricyanide estimation of sugars in the nanomole range. Anal Biochem. 1973;55:321–325.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Zhang H, Yohe T, Huang L, Entwistle S, Wu P, Yang Z, et al. DbCAN2: A meta server for automated carbohydrate-active enzyme annotation. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46:W95–W101.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Chen X, Hu Y, Yang B, Gong X, Zhang N, Niu L, et al. Structure of lpg0406, a carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase family protein possibly involved in antioxidative response from Legionella pneumophila. Protein Sci. 2015;24:2070–2075.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Enke TN, Datta MS, Schwartzman J, Cermak N, Schmitz D, Barrere J, et al. Modular assembly of polysaccharide-degrading marine microbial communities. Curr Biol. 2019;29:1528–1535.e6.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Pollak S, Gralka M, Sato Y, Schwartzman J, Lu L, Cordero OX. Public good exploitation in natural bacterioplankton communities. Sci Adv. 2021;7:eabi4717.Pontrelli S, Szabo R, Pollak S, Schwartzman J, Ledezma D, Cordero OX, et al. Metabolic cross-feeding structures the assembly of polysaccharide degrading communities. Sci Adv. 2022;8:eabk3076.Holdt SL, Kraan S. Bioactive compounds in seaweed: Functional food applications and legislation. J Appl Phycol. 2011;23:543–597.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Kawamura-Konishi Y, Watanabe N, Saito M, Nakajima N, Sakaki T, Katayama T, et al. Isolation of a new phlorotannin, a potent inhibitor of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, from the brown alga Sargassum patens. J Agric Food Chem. 2012;60:5565–5570.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Garbary DJ, Brown NE, MacDonell HJ, Toxopeux J. Ascophyllum and its symbionts — A complex symbiotic community on North Atlantic shores. Algal and Cyanobacteria Symbioses. 2017:547–572.Pluvinage B, Grondin JM, Amundsen C, Klassen L, Moote PE, Xiao Y, et al. Molecular basis of an agarose metabolic pathway acquired by a human intestinal symbiont. Nat Commun. 2018;9:1043.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Reintjes G, Arnosti C, Fuchs BM, Amann R. An alternative polysaccharide uptake mechanism of marine bacteria. ISME J. 2017;11:1640–1650.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Hollants J, Leliaert F, de Clerck O, Willems A. What we can learn from sushi: A review on seaweed-bacterial associations. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2013;83:1–16.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Thomas F, Le Duff N, Wu TD, Cébron A, Uroz S, Riera P, et al. Isotopic tracing reveals single-cell assimilation of a macroalgal polysaccharide by a few marine Flavobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. ISME J. 2021;15:3062–3075.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Datta MS, Sliwerska E, Gore J, Polz MF, Cordero OX. Microbial interactions lead to rapid micro-scale successions on model marine particles. Nat Commun. 2016;7:11965.CAS 
PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Enke TN, Leventhal GE, Metzger M, Saavedra JT, Cordero OX. Microscale ecology regulates particulate organic matter turnover in model marine microbial communities. Nat Commun. 2018;9:2743.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 
CAS 

Google Scholar 
Sichert A, Cordero OX. Polysaccharide-bacteria Interactions from the lens of evolutionary ecology. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:705082.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Sichert A, Corzett CH, Schechter M, Unfried F, Markert S, Becher D, et al. Verrucomicrobia use hundreds of enzymes to digest the algal polysaccharide fucoidan. Nat Microbiol. 2020;5:1026–1039.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Reisky L, Préchoux A, Zühlke MK, Bäumgen M, Robb CS, Gerlach N, et al. A marine bacterial enzymatic cascade degrades the algal polysaccharide ulvan. Nat Chem Biol. 2019;15:803–812.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Mabeau S, Kloareg B, Joseleau J-P. Fractionation and analysis of fucans from brown algae. Phytochemistry. 1990;29:2441–2445.CAS 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Küpper FC, Kloareg B, Guern J, Potin P. Oligoguluronates elicit an oxidative burst in the brown algal kelp Laminaria digitata. Plant Physiol. 2001;125:278–291.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Küpper FC, Müller DG, Peters AF, Kloareg B, Potin P. Oligoalginate recognition and oxidative burst play a key role in natural and induced resistance of sporophytes of Laminariales. J Chem Ecol. 2002;28:2057–2081.PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Leonard S, Hommais F, Nasser W, Reverchon S. Plant–phytopathogen interactions: bacterial responses to environmental and plant stimuli. Environ Microbiol. 2017;19:1689–1716.PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Sato K, Naito M, Yukitake H, Hirakawa H, Shoji M, McBride MJ, et al. A protein secretion system linked to bacteroidete gliding motility and pathogenesis. PNAS. 2010;107:276–281.CAS 
PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Eckroat TJ, Greguske C, Hunnicutt DW. The type 9 secretion system is required for Flavobacterium johnsoniae biofilm formation. Front Microbiol. 2021;12:660887.PubMed 
PubMed Central 
Article 

Google Scholar 
Xie S, Tan Y, Song W, Zhang W, Qi Q, Lu X. N-glycosylation of a cargo protein C-terminal domain recognized by the type IX secretion system in Cytophaga hutchinsonii affects protein secretion and localization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2022;88:e0160621.PubMed 
Article 

Google Scholar  More