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We asked whether the mating of male and female fruit flies would be affected by the presence of parasitoid wasps. We placed a pair of D. melanogaster flies in a small Petri dish, either with or without parasitoid wasps (Fig. 1a). In an initial experiment we used the wasp Leptopilina boulardi, which specializes on D. melanogaster and on closely related fly species14.Fig. 1: Exposure of Drosophila to wasps accelerates sexual behavior.a Courtship arena containing a male and virgin female fly with (left) and without (right) two wasps, one male and one female. b Copulation latency of D. melanogaster. p  More

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