Sullivan, D. Composting biosolids into high quality agricultural product. BioCycle 51, 39–40 (2010).
Wang, X., Chen, T., Ge, Y. & Jia, Y. Studies on land application of sewage sludge and its limiting factors. J. Hazard. Mater. 160, 554–558 (2008).
Borjesson, G. & Katterer, T. Soil fertility effects of repeated application of sewage sludge in two 30-year-old field experiments. Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosyst. 112, 369–385 (2018).
Kelly, J. J., Favila, E., Hundal, L. S. & Marlin, J. C. Assessment of soil microbial communities in surface applied mixtures of Illinois River sediments and biosolids. Appl. Soil Ecol. 36, 176–183 (2007).
Kelly, J. J., Polocht, K., Grancharova, T. & Hundal, L. S. Distinct responses in ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria after addition of biosolids to an agricultural soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 77, 6551–6558 (2011).
Nakatani, A. S. et al. Changes in the genetic structure of bacteria and microbial activity in an agricultural soil amended with tannery sludge. Soil Biol. Biochem. 43, 106–114 (2011).
Wang, M. & Xue., J., Horswell, J., Kimberley, M.O. & Huang, Z. ,. Long-term biosolids application alters the composition of soil microbiakl groups and nutrient status in a pine plantation. Biol. Fert. Soils 53, 799–809 (2017).
Zaleski, K. J., Josephson, K. L., Gerba, C. P. & Pepper, I. L. Potential regrowth and recolonization of Salmonellae and indicators in biosolids and biosolid-amended soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 71, 3701–3708 (2005).
Singh, R. P. & Agrawal, M. Potential benefits and risks of land application of sewage sludge. Waste Manage. 28, 347–358 (2008).
Sigua, C. Recycling biosolids and lack-dredged materials to pasture-based animal agriculture: alternative nutrient sources for forage productivity and sustainability. A review. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 29, 143–160 (2009).
McBride, M. B. Toxic metal accumulation from agricultural use of sludge—are USEPA regulations protective?. J. Environ. Qual. 24, 5–18 (1995).
Navarro, I. et al. Environmental risk assessment of perfluoroalkyl substances and halogenated flame retardants released from biosolids-amended soils. Chemosphere 210, 147–155 (2018).
Mantovi, P., Baldoni, G. & Toderi, G. Reuse of liquid, dewatered, and composted sewage sludge on agricultural land: effects of long-term application on soil and crop. Water Res. 39, 289–296 (2005).
Paramashivam, D. et al. Effect of pine waste and pine biochar on nitrogen mobility in biosolids. J. Environ. Qual. 45, 360–367 (2016).
Willen, A., Junestedt, C., Rodhe, L., Pell, M. & Jonsson, H. Sewage sludge as fertiliser—environmental assessment of storage and land application options. Water Sci. Technol. 75, 1034–1050 (2017).
Weaver, D. M. & Reed, A. E. G. Patterns of nutrient status and fertiliser practice on soils of the south coast of Western Australia. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 67, 37–53 (1998).
Knowles, O. A., Robinson, B. H., Contangelo, A. & Clucas, L. Biochar for the mitigation of nitrate leaching from soil amended with biosolids. Sci. Total Environ. 409, 3206–3210 (2011).
Dempster, D. N., Gleeson, D. B., Solaiman, Z. M., Jones, D. L. & Murphy, D. V. Decreased soil microbial biomass and nitrogen mineralisation with Eucalyptus biochar addition to a coarse textured soil. Plant Soil 354, 311–324 (2012).
Dempster, D. N., Jones, D. L. & Murphy, D. V. Clay and biochar amendments decreased inorganic but not dissolved organic nitrogen leaching in soil. Soil Res. 50, 216–221 (2012).
Shanmugam, S., Abbott, L. K. & Murphy, D. V. Clay addition to lime-amended biosolids overcomes water repellence and provides nitrogen supply in an acid sandy soil. Soil Biol. Fert. Soils 50, 1047–1059 (2014).
Paramashivam, D., Dickinson, N. M., Clough, T. J., Horswell, J. & Robinson, B. H. Potential environmental benefits from blending biosolids with other organic amendments before application to land. J. Environ. Qual. 46, 481–489 (2017).
Samara, E., Matsi, T., Zdragas, A. & Barbayiannis, N. Use of clay minerals for sewage sludge stabilization and a preliminary assessment of the treated sludge’s fertilization capacity. Environ. Sci. Polut. R. 26, 35387–35398 (2019).
Djajadi, Abbott, L. K. & Hinz, C. Synergistic impacts of clay and organic matter on structural and biological properties of a sandy soil. Geoderma 183, 19–24 (2012).
Ma, B., Lv, X., Cai, Y., Chang, S. X. & Dyke, M. F. Liming does not counteract the influence of long-term fertilization on soil bacterial community structure and its co-occurrence pattern. Soil Biol. Biochem. 123, 45–53 (2018).
Dilly, O., Blume, H.-P. & Munch, J. C. Soil microbial activities in Luvisols and Anthrosols during 9 years of region-typical tillage and fertilisation practices in northern Germany. Biogeochemistry 65, 319–339 (2003).
Lehmann, J. et al. Biochar effects on soil biota—a review. Soil Biol. Biochem. 43, 1812–1836 (2011).
Liang, B. et al. Black carbon increases cation exchange capacity in soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 70, 1719–1730 (2006).
Taghizadeh-Toosi, A., Clough, T. J., Sherlock, R. R. & Condron, L. M. A wood based low-temperature biochar captures NH3-N generated from ruminant urine-N, retaining its bioavailability. Plant Soil 353, 73–84 (2012).
Enders, A., Hanley, K., Whitman, T., Joseph, S. & Lehmann, J. Characterization of biochars to evaluate recalcitrance and agronomic performance. Bioresour. Technol. 114, 644–653 (2012).
Singh, B. P., Hatton, B. J., Singh, B., Cowie, A. L. & Kathuria, A. Influence of biochars on nitrous oxide emission and nitrogen leaching from two contrasting soils. J. Environ. Qual. 39, 1224–1235 (2010).
Wang, D., Felice, M. L. & Scow, K. M. Impacts and interactions of biochar and biosolids on agricultural soil microbial communities during dry and wet-dry cycles. Appl. Soil Ecol. 152, 103570 (2020).
Wu, H. et al. Responses of bacterial community and functional marker genes of nitrogen cycling to biochar, compost and combined amendments in soil. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 100, 8583–8591 (2016).
Xu, H.-J. et al. Biochar impacts soil microbial community composition and nitrogen cycling in an acidic soil planted with rape. Environ. Sci. Technol. 48, 9391–9399 (2014).
Solaiman, Z. M., Abbott, L. K. & Murphy, D. V. Biochar phosphorus concentration dictates mycorrhizal colonisation, plant growth and soil phorphorus cycling. Sci. Rep.-U.K. 9, 5062 (2019).
Cao, H. et al. Biochar can increase nitrogen use efficiency of Malus hupehensis by modulating nitrate reduction of soil and root. Appl. Soil Ecol. 135, 25–32 (2019).
Zhang, K. et al. The effects of combinations of biochar, lime, and organic fertilizer on nitrification and nitrifiers. Biol. Fert. Soils 53, 77–87 (2017).
Gartler, J., Robinson, B., Burton, K. & Clucas, L. Carbonaceous soil amendments to biofortify crop plants with zinc. Sci. Total Environ. 465, 308–313 (2013).
Hassink, J. Effects of soil texture and grassland management on soil organic C and N and rates of C and N mineralisation. Soil Biol. Biochem. 26, 1221–1231 (1994).
Wang, H., Kimberley, M. O. & Schlegelmilch, M. Biosolids-derived nitrogen mineralisation and transformation in forest soils. J. Environ. Qual. 32, 1851–1856 (2003).
Atkinson, C. J., Fitzgerald, J. & Hipps, N. Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits fromm biochar application to temperate soils: a review. Plant Soil 337, 1–18 (2010).
Jaafar, N. M., Clode, P. L. & Abbott, L. K. Microscopy observations of habitable space in biochar for colonization by fungal hyphae from soil. J. Integr. Agric. 13, 483–490 (2014).
Jaafar, N. M., Clode, P. L. & Abbott, L. K. Soil microbial responses to biochar varying in particle size, surface and pore properties. Pedosphere 25, 770–780 (2015).
Jaafar, N. M., Clode, P. L. & Abbott, L. K. Biochar-soil interactions in four agricultural soils. Pedosphere 25, 729–736 (2015).
Petersen, S. O. et al. Recycling of sewage sludge and household compost to arable land: fate and effects of organic contaminants, and impact on soil fertility. Soil Till Res. 72, 139–152 (2003).
Warman, P. R. & Termeer, W. C. Evaluation of sewage sludge, septic waste and sludge compost applications to corn and forage: yields and N, P and K content of crops and soils. Bioresour. Technol. 96, 955–961 (2005).
Campos, T., Chear, G., Leles, P. D., Silva, M. & Santos, F. Leaching of heavy metals in soils conditioned with biosolids from sewage sludge. Floresta e Amniente 26, e20180399 (2019).
Peoples, M. et al. Factors affecting the potential contributions of N2 Fuxation by legumes in Australian pasture systems. Crop Pasture Sci. 63, 759–786 (2012).
Jones, D. L., Rousk, J., Edwards-Jones, G., DeLuca, T. H. & Murphy, D. V. Biochar-mediated changes in soil quality and plant growth in a three year field trial. Soil Biol. Biochem. 45, 113–124 (2012).
Mickan, B. S., Abbott, L. K., Stefanova, K. & Solaiman, Z. M. Interactions between biochar and mycorrhizal fungi in water-stressed agricultural soil. Mycorrhiza 26, 565–574 (2016).
Hale, S. E. et al. The sorption and desorption of phosphate-P, ammonium-N and nitrate-N in cacao shell and corn cob biochars. Chemosphere 91, 1612–1619 (2013).
Zheng, J., Stewart, C. E. & Cotrufo, M. F. Biochar and nitrogen fertilizer alters soil nitrogen dynamics and greenhouse gas fluxes from two temperate soils. J. Environ. Qual. 41, 1361–1370 (2012).
Dempster, D. N., Jones, D. L. & Murphy, D. V. Organic nitrogen mineralisation in two contrasting agro-ecosystems is unchanged by biochar addition. Soil Biol. Biochem. 48, 47–50 (2012).
Verhoeven, E. & Six, J. Biochar does not mitigate field-scale N2O emissions in a Northern California vineyard: an assessment across two years. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 191, 27–38 (2014).
Hamza, M. A. & Anderson, W. K. Responses of soil properties and grain yields to deep ripping and gypsum application in a compacted loamy sand soil contrasted with a sandy clay loam soil in Western Australia. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 54, 273–282 (2003).
Asadishad, B. et al. Amendment of agricultural soil with metal nanoparticles: effects on soil enzyme activity and microbial community composition. Environ. Sci. Technol. 52, 1908–1918 (2018).
Mossa, A.-W., Dickinson, M. J., West, H. M., Young, S. D. & Crout, N. M. J. The response of soil microbial diversity and abundance to long-term application of biosolids. Environ. Pollut. 224, 16–25 (2017).
Sullivan, T. S., Stromberger, M. E. & Paschke, M. W. Parallel shifts in plant and soil microbial communities in response to biosolids in a semi-arid grassland. Soil Biol. Biochem. 38, 449–459 (2006).
Fierer, N. & Jackson, R. B. The diversity and biogeography of soil bacterial communities. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103, 626–631 (2006).
Jenkins, S. N. et al. Actinobacterial community dynamics in long term managed grasslands. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 95, 319–334 (2009).
Lauber, C. L., Hamady, M., Knight, R. & Fierer, N. Pyrosequencing-based assessment of soil pH as a predictor of soil bacterial community structure at the continental scale. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75, 5111–5120 (2009).
Zhang, X., Liu, W., Zhang, G., Jiang, L. & Han, X. Mechanisms of soil acidification reducing bacterial diversity. Soil Biol. Biochem. 81, 275–281 (2015).
Jenkins, S. N., Murphy, D. V., Waite, I. S., Rushton, S. P. & O’Donnell, A. G. Ancient landscapes and the relationship with microbial nitrification. Sci. Rep. 6, 30733 (2016).
O’Brien, F. J. M. et al. Soil salinity and pH drive soil bacterial community composition and diversity along a lateritic slope in the Avon River critical zone observatory, Western Australia. Front. Microbiol. 10, 1486. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.01486 (2019).
Janssen, P. H. Identifying the dominant soil bacterial taxa in libraries of 16S rRNA and 16S rRNA genes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72, 1719–1728 (2006).
Zeng, Q. C., Dong, Y. H. & An, S. S. Bacterial community responses to soils along a latitudinal and vegetation gradient on the Loess Plateau. China. Plos One. 11, e015289 (2016).
Gigliucci, F., Brambilla, G., Tozzoli, R., Michelacci, V. & Morabito, S. Comparative analysis of metagenomes of Italian top soil improvers. Environ. Res. 155, 108–115 (2017).
DeBruyn, J. M., Nixon, L. T., Fawaz, M. N., Johnson, A. M. & Radosevich, M. Global biogeography and quantitative seasonal dynamics of Gemmatimonadetes in soil. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 77, 6295–6300 (2011).
Mendez, M. O., Neilson, J. W. & Maier, R. M. Characterization of a bacterial community in an abandoned semiarid lead-zinc mine tailing site. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74, 3899–3907 (2008).
Kim, J.-S., Dungan, R. S. & Crowley, D. Microarray analysis of bacterial diversity and distribution in aggregates from a desert agricultural soil. Biol. Fert. Soils 44, 1003–1011 (2008).
Fierer, N., Bradford, M. A. & Jackson, R. B. Toward an ecological classification of soil bacteria. Ecology 88, 1354–1364 (2007).
Jenkins, S. N. et al. Taxon-specific responses of soil bacteria to the addition of low level C inputs. Soil Biol. Biochem. 42, 1624–1631 (2010).
Hartmann, M., Frey, B., Mayer, J., Mäder, P. & Widmer, F. Distinct soil microbial diversity under long-term organic and conventional farming. ISME J. 9, 1177–1194 (2015).
Trivedi, P., Anderson, I. C. & Singh, B. K. Microbial modulators of soil carbon storage: integrating genomic and metabolic knowledge for global prediction. Trends Microbiol. 21, 641–651 (2013).
Kielak, A. M., Barreto, C. C., Kowalchuk, G. A., van Veen, J. A. & Kuramae, E. E. The ecology of Acidobacteria: moving beyond genes and genomes. Front. Microbiol. 7, 744–744 (2016).
Barton, L., Gleeson, D. B., Maccarone, L. D., Zuniga, L. P. & Murphy, D. V. Is liming soil a strategy for mitigating nitrous oxide emissions from semi-arid soils?. Soil Biol. Biochem. 62, 28–35 (2013).
Barton, L., Murphy, D. V. & Butterbach-Bahl, K. Influence of crop rotation and liming on greenhouse gas emissions from a semi-arid soil. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 167, 23–32 (2013).
Fisk, L. M., Barton, L., Jones, D. L., Glanville, H. C. & Murphy, D. V. Root exudate carbon mitigates nitrogen loss in a semi-arid soil. Soil Biol. Biochem. 88, 380–389 (2015).
Fisk, L. M., Maccarone, L. D., Barton, L. & Murphy, D. V. Nitrapyrin decreased nitrification of nitrogen released from soil organic matter but not amoA gene abundance at high soil temperature. Soil Biol. Biochem. 88, 214–223 (2015).
Wu, J. & Brookes, P. C. The proportional mineralisation of microbial biomass and organic matter caused by air-drying and rewetting of a grassland soil. Soil Biol. Biochem. 37, 507–515 (2005).
Rayment, G. & Higginson, F. Australian Laboratory Handbook of Soil and Water Chemical Methods (Inkata Press, Melbourne, 1992).
Vance, E. D., Brookes, P. C. & Jenkinson, D. S. An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass-C. Soil Biol. Biochem. 19, 703–707 (1987).
Langille, M. G. I. et al. Predictive functional profiling of microbial communities using 16S rRNA marker gene sequences. Nature Biotechnol. 31, 814–821 (2013).
Mori, H. et al. Design and experimental application of a novel non-degenerate universal primer set that amplifies prokaryotic 16S rRNA genes with a low possibility to amplify eukaryotic rRNA genes. DNA Res. 21, 217–227 (2013).
Caporaso, J. G. et al. Ultra-high-throughput microbial community analysis on the Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq platforms. ISME 6, 1621–1624 (2012).
Mickan, B. S., Abbott, L. K., Fan, J., Hart, M. M., Siddique, K. H. M., Solaiman, Z. M. & Jenkins, S. N. Application of compost and clay under water-stressed conditions influences functional diversity of rhizosphere bacteria. Biol Fert Soils. 54, 55–70 (2018).
Schloss, P. D. et al. Introducing mothur: open-source, platform-independent, community-supported software for describing and comparing microbial communities. Appl Environ Microbiol. 75, 7537–7541 (2009).
Pruesse, E. et al. SILVA: a comprehensive online resource for quality checked and aligned ribosomal RNA sequence data compatible with ARB. Nucleic Acids Res. 35, 7188–7196 (2007).
Edgar, R. C., Haas, B. J., Clemente, J. C., Quince, C. & Knight, R. UCHIME improves sensitivity and speed of chimera detection. Bioinformatics. 27, 2194–2200 (2011).
Oksanen, J. et al. Vegan: community ecology package. R package version 1.17-4. http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan. (2010).
Source: Ecology - nature.com
