Philippa Kaur

Acinetobacter isolates from the TGR regionIn the TGR region, we isolated 21 Acinetobacter strains (one A. johnsonii, one A. haemolyticus and 19 Acinetobacter sp. strains) (Table S1). Based on phylogenetic analysis after 16S rRNA gene sequencing, these 21 isolates belong to the genus Acinetobacter, exhibiting a similarity of 95.38–99.93% with known Acinetobacter strains in GenBank (Table S1). In phylogenetic tree (N-J) constructed with both isolated and known Acinetobacter strains, these 21 isolates branched deeply with three Acinetobacter clusters consisting of important clinical Acinetobacter species, such as A. johnsonii H10 (FJ009371), A. junii NH88-14 (FJ447529), A. baumannii ATCC19606T (HE651907), A. lwoffii DSM2403T (X81665) and A. haemolyticus TTH04-1 (KF704077) (Fig. 1). Five reference Acinetobacter strains were selected and used21. Currently, the genus Acinetobacter comprises 68 species with validly-published names (https://apps.szu.cz/anemec/Classification.pdf, May 25, 2021). Among the named species, A. baumannii is the most studied species associated with clinical infections followed by the non-A. baumannii species A. haemolyticus, A. junii, A. johnsonii, and A. lwofii21.Figure 1A phylogenetic tree of 16S rRNA gene sequences showing position of isolates among species of genus Acinetobacter. Both isolates from the TGR region (the bold fonts) and reference strains used to infect Caenorhabditis elegans (the red fonts) are shown.Full size imageEffect of different Acinetobacter strains isolated from the TGR region and reference strains on lifespan of nematodesL4-larvae were exposed to different Acinetobacter strains for 24-h. Totally 21 Acinetobacter strains isolated from the TGR region and 5 reference strains of Acinetobacter species were used for the lifespan analysis. Based on the comparison of lifespan curves, exposure to Acinetobacter strains of AC2, AC3, AC4, AC5, AC6, AC7, AC8, AC9, AC10, AC11, AC12, AC13, AC14, AC16, AC17, AC19, AC20, A. johnsonii H10, and A. haemolyticus TTH0-4 could not alter lifespan curve (Fig. 2). Similarly, Acinetobacter strains of AC2, AC3, AC4, AC5, AC6, AC7, AC8, AC9, AC10, AC11, AC12, AC13, AC14, AC16, AC17, AC19, AC20, A. johnsonii, and A. haemolyticus also could not influence mean lifespan (Fig. 2). Different from these, the lifespan curves of nematodes exposed to Acinetobacter strains of AC1, AC15, AC18, AC21, A. baumannii ATCC 19606T, A. junii NH88-14, and A. lwoffii DSM 2403T were significantly (P  More

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Bioactive composition analysisThe main bioactive components in the three products are listed in Table 1. The main chemical constitutes of DL and LT were quite similar; although significant differences were noted in indicators such as protein (DL  > LT, difference = 8.22, P  DL, difference = 1.79, P  LT, difference = 4.07, P  0.05) of the samples. Among the bioactive constitutes, only POL contents in LT and DL were significantly lower (P  DR (1.90%). Compared with DL and LT, the DR exhibited significantly higher POL, increased by 50.21% (P  More

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