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Environmental sampling and profiling during autumn overturn A temperate holomictic lake, Rotsee (47.072 N and 8.319 E) in Central Switzerland was sampled on 8 dates from Oct 4, 2016 to Jan 23, 2017 (see Fig. 1). Eutrophic lake Rotsee is situated at 419 m a.s.l., has a maximum depth of 16 m, is 2.5 km long and about 200 m wide28. […] More
PLS description Usefulness of PLS Projections to latent structures (PLS), a more correct term for Partial Least Squares27, is a powerful multivariate method that is able to integrate data from different scientific disciplines in a single analysis22,24. It has minimum demands in terms of sample size, residual distribution and measurement scales28, while at the same […] More
Estimation of spawning time In this study, we used two types of environmental water temperature parameters experienced by the eggs to estimate spawning time, namely the incubation temperature and the experienced temperature (Fig. 1). Arbitrary spawning time (AST) was assumed at any time before the new moon, and the time elapsed from fertilisation (ET, unit: hour) […] More
In the cohort described in this study we observed directional changes in both HMO concentrations in breast milk and in infant faces, and in the composition of infant faecal microbiota. HMO concentrations differed between individuals and depended on lactation time and infant age. Earlier studies showed that faecal microbiota structure is highly dynamic during infancy […] More
1. Michael Beman, J., Arrigo, K. R. & Matson, P. A. Agricultural runoff fuels large phytoplankton blooms in vulnerable areas of the ocean. Nature 434, 211–214 (2005). 2. Doney, S. C. The growing human footprint on coastal and open-ocean biogeochemistry. Science 328, 1512–1516 (2010). 3. Carstensen, J., Andersen, J. H., Gustafsson, B. G. & Conley, […] More
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Animal study Enclosure environment In the enclosures (lwh: 5.0 × 3.5 × 2.5 m), the environmental parameters were similar for both skate (Temperature: (bar{{rm{x}}}) = 18.8 °C (sd = 0.72), Salinity: (bar{{rm{x}}}) = 29.3 psu (sd = 0.22), DO: (bar{{rm{x}}}) = 8.7 mg l−1 (sd = 0.75)) and lobster (Temperature: (bar{{rm{x}}}) = 24.0 °C (sd = 0.85), Salinity: (bar{{rm{x}}}) = 29.2 psu (sd = 0.21), DO: (bar{{rm{x}}}) = 6.7 mg l−1 (sd = 0.71)) studies. Temperature increased with the lobster release group (collinear, variance inflation factor >3) but […] More
Data The data used in this study were collected from sentinel field sites in three onchocerciasis endemic foci in western Uganda, viz. Itwara, Kashoya Kitomi, and Bwindi, as part of the monitoring and evaluation activities associated with the Ugandan Onchocerciasis Elimination Program (UOEP). While onchocercal transmission foci can extend to a range of distances from […] More
