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CORRESPONDENCE
06 July 2021

UK biodiversity: close gap between reality and rhetoric

Sophus O. S. E. zu Ermgassen

0
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Joseph W. Bull

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Ben Groom

2

Sophus O. S. E. zu Ermgassen

Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, Canterbury, UK.

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Joseph W. Bull

Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, Canterbury, UK.

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Ben Groom

University of Exeter Business School, Exeter, UK.

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In a bid to position the United Kingdom as a global environmental leader before this year’s United Nations biodiversity conference (COP15) and climate-change conference (COP26), the UK government has announced biodiversity initiatives to halt species declines by 2030 and to protect 30% of its land area (see, for example, go.nature.com/3x4yk1k). These plans are at odds with its current spending on conservation.The government’s conservation funding fell by 42% in real terms between 2008 and 2018 to just 0.02% of gross domestic product (GDP; see go.nature.com/2udg3od). It missed 14 of its 20 international biodiversity commitments (Aichi targets) in 2020 (see go.nature.com/3dor8ra). This year it commissioned the Dasgupta Review, which calls for economic changes to stop biodiversity loss (see go.nature.com/3jozldl).However, even taking into account the May announcement of a 47% increase in Natural England’s funding (see go.nature.com/2t96qjn), the country still spends less than other nations with comparable GDP (see A. Seidl et al. Nature Ecol. Evol. 5, 530–539; 2021 and go.nature.com/2udg3od). The United Kingdom needs to reconsider its public expenditure priorities if it is to close the gap between rhetoric and reality.

Nature 595, 172 (2021)
doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-01819-w

Competing Interests
The authors declare no competing interests.

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Brown trout can get hooked on methamphetamine, a highly addictive drug found in waterways around the world. Credit: Getty

Ecology
06 July 2021
Meth-addicted trout swim for a hit

Fish that have been exposed to the highly addictive stimulant for several weeks show signs of withdrawal if deprived of the drug.

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Human drug use can spill over into streams and rivers, because the chemicals pass through wastewater systems that weren’t designed to extract them. To study the effects of a common illicit drug on wildlife, Pavel Horký at the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague and his colleagues looked to brown trout, Salmo trutta.For 8 weeks, the researchers held 60 trout in a tank spiked with methamphetamine at a concentration of 1 microgram per litre, and 60 control trout in a meth-free tank. The fish were then placed in a tank containing two separate streams of water — one with methamphetamine and one without — between which they could swim freely. Trout that had spent 2 months swimming in meth-spiked water were found on the meth side in 50.5% of observations, compared with only 41.5% for control trout. The authors interpret this preference as a sign of addiction.Fish from the drugged tank were also markedly less mobile for the first 96 hours after their last exposure to meth, suggesting that they were experiencing withdrawal. The researchers warn that fish that become addicted to drugs could congregate around wastewater discharges, with unknown ecological effects.

J. Exp. Biol. (2021)

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